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分析了移动地图的特点,通过对现有地图信息传输模型的改进,得到了一种基于移动通信条件下的地图信息传输模型。该模型强调了实时信息在移动地图信息传输中的重要作用,分析了移动地图的信息传输过程,为移动地图的设计提供了理论支持。 相似文献
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点云滤波分类是LiDAR后续应用的基础工作,在点云滤波的基础上,以航空影像为辅助条件,结合点云高程信息,设计一套地物点云的分类方法。该方法首先融合航空影像与LiDAR数据,将对应RGB值赋予每个点,根据植被的光谱特征提取出部分植被点云;然后再根据文中定义的点云高程纹理,在剩余地物点云中提取出建筑物点,最后根据回波次数信息分离出剩余植被点,完成地物点云的分类。采用北京凤凰岭地区一组机载LiDAR数据进行实验。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地将地物点云进行分类并且满足一定的精度要求,具有一定的实用价值。 相似文献
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针对EM(Expectation Maximization)波形分解算法具有多次迭代和大量乘、除、累加等高密集运算的特点,提出一套将EM算法在通用计算图形处理器GPGPU上并行化的方案。针对通用并行计算架构CUDA的存储层次特点,设计总体的并行方案,充分挖掘共享存储器、纹理存储器的高速访存的潜能;根据波形采样值采用字节存储的特征,利用波形采样值的直方图求取中位数,从而降低求噪音阈值的计算复杂度;最后,采用求和规约的并行策略提高EM算法迭代过程中大量累加的计算效率。实验结果表明,当设置合理的并行参数、EM迭代次数大于16次、数据量大于64 M时,与单核CPU处理相比,GPU的加速比达到了8,能够显著地提高全波形分解的效率。 相似文献
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集成Landsat OLI和机载LiDAR条带数据的亚热带森林生物量制图 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以亚热带天然次生林为研究对象,借助一个条带的少量LiDAR点云数据和覆盖整个研究区的免费Landsat OLI多光谱数据,并结合地面实测数据,探索森林生物量低成本高精度制图方法。首先,提取了OLI和LiDAR特征变量,并与地上和地下生物量进行相关分析以筛选变量;然后,借助LiDAR数据覆盖区的样地和条带LiDAR数据构建"LiDAR生物量模型";再从LiDAR反演生物量的结果中进行采样,结合OLI特征变量构建"LiDAR-OLI模型";最后,与单独使用OLI多光谱数据建立的"OLI估算模型"结果进行比较,分析精度并验证新方法的效果。结果表明,"LiDAR-OLI模型"对地上和地下生物量的模型拟合效果较好且均优于"OLI模型",且其交叉验证的精度也较高并优于"OLI模型",从而证明了新方法的可靠性及有效性。本研究为主、被动遥感技术在中小尺度上协同反演森林参数提供了实验基础,也为基于全覆盖免费OLI多光谱数据及条带LiDAR数据的低成本森林生物量制图探索了技术路线。 相似文献
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Jenna Duffin Richard A. Carmichael Elowyn M. Yager Rohan Benjankar Daniele Tonina 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2021,46(5):1026-1040
Quantifying geomorphic conditions that impact riverine ecosystems is critical in river management due to degraded riverine habitat, changing flow and thermal conditions, and increasing anthropogenic pressure. Geomorphic complexity at different scales directly impacts habitat heterogeneity and affects aquatic biodiversity resilience. Here we showed that the combination of continuous spatial survey at high resolution, topobathymetric light detection and ranging (LiDAR), and continuous wavelet analysis can help identify and characterize that complexity. We used a continuous wavelet analysis on 1-m resolution topobathymetry in three rivers in the Salmon River Basin, Idaho (USA), to identify different scales of topographic variability and the potential effects of this variability on salmonid redd site selection. On each river, wavelet scales characterized the topographic variability by portraying repeating patterns in the longitudinal profile. We found three major representative spatial wavelet scales of topographic variability in each river: a small wavelet scale associated with local morphology such as pools and riffles, a mid-wavelet scale that identified larger channel unit features, and a large wavelet scale related to valley-scale controls. The small wavelet scale was used to identify pools and riffles along the entire lengths of each river as well as areas with differing riffle-pool development. Areas along the rivers with high local topographic variability (high wavelet power) at all wavelet scales contained the largest features (i.e., deepest or longest pools) in the systems. By comparing the wavelet power for each wavelet scale to Chinook salmon redd locations, we found that higher small-scale wavelet power, which is related to pool-riffle topography, is important for redd site selection. The continuous wavelet methodology objectively identified scales of topographic variability present in these rivers, performed efficient channel-unit identification, and provided geomorphic assessment without laborious field surveys. 相似文献
200.
Upland river systems in the UK are predicted to be prone to the effects of increased flood magnitudes and frequency, driven by climate change. It is clear from recent events that some headwater catchments can be very sensitive to large floods, activating the full sediment system, with implications for flood risk management further down the catchment. We provide a 15-year record of detailed morphological change on a 500-m reach of upland gravel-bed river, focusing upon the geomorphic response to an extreme event in 2007, and the recovery in the decade following. Through novel application of two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic modelling we evaluate the different energy states of pre- and post-flood morphologies of the river reach, exploring how energy state adjusts with recovery following the event. Following the 2007 flood, morphological adjustments resulted in changes to the shear stress population over the reach, resulting in higher shear stresses. Although the proportion of shear stresses in excess of those experienced using the pre-flood digital elevation model (DEM) varied over the recovery period, they remained substantially in excess of those experienced pre-2007, suggesting that there is still potential for enhanced bedload transport and morphological adjustment within the reach. Although volumetric change calculated from DEM differencing does indicate a reduction in erosion and deposition volumes in the decade following the flood, we argue that the system still has not fully recovered to the pre-flood state. We further argue that Thinhope Burn, and other similarly impacted catchments in upland environments, may not recover under the wet climatic phase currently being experienced. Hence systems like Thinhope Burn will continue to deliver large volumes of sediment further down river catchments, providing new challenges for flood risk management into the future. 相似文献