数字化测氡的实验研究

采用流通式氡气源模拟实际流程，对数字化测氡的各个环节以及仪器标定方法进行了实验研究。发现计数率随气体流量的升高而降低，并用氡气在闪烁室中的通过时间予以解释。指出对测氡仪器必须进行标定，而且必须用流通式氡气源标定；在观测中应控制或测定进入闪烁式的气体流量。最后对闪烁室的放射性污染进行了理论分析。     

Robust估计的算法优化

本文分析了Ｒｏｂｕｓｔ估计收敛慢的原因，提出以最小二乘平差的残差（Ｖ）为初始信息，用Ｌ１估计的权函数所计算的权力初始权，根据迭代计算的残差的大小，及残差的变化所提供的信息，构造出加速收敛的算法，计算结果表明，较之一般的方法，迭代次数显著减少，辨识杠杆点含粗差的能力有较大提高，即搜索粗差的效率有很大提高。     

适合于印刷品评价与控制的色度仪应满足的条件

本文从印刷工业颜色测量的需要出发,根据色度学理论、人的视觉特性和对印刷过程的分析提出印刷品评价对颜色测量仪的要求。包括对颜色测量理论的选择,对测量几何的要求;对测量光孔和测试色定位的要求;对照明光源和标准观察者类型的选择;对测量值的输出和测量速度等要求。这些内容对色度仪的设计和使用都具有重要意义。     

The Disparity Between the Level of Economic Development and Human Welfare

The lack of correspondence between traditional economic development measures, such as GNP per capita, and human welfare measures, such as the PQLI, has been well documented in the literature. We devised and analyzed an economic development-welfare disparity measure, and found considerable geographic variability, with actual levels of human welfare much less than expected in many Middle Eastern and African countries, given the level of economic development. Exploratory correlation and regression analysis revealed that inequalities in the distribution of economic power and governmental expenditures contributed to the geographic variability. More importantly, each region improved its standing on the development-welfare disparity measure when relevant factors were controlled via multivariate regression.     

Fast Nearest Neighbor Classification Methods for Multispectral Imagery

Nearest neighbor classifiers have not been widely used by remote sensing practitioners. The lack of acceptance of these classifiers may be partially due to their notoriously slow speed of execution which makes them impractical for the classification of mega-pixel images. However, training data reduction, distance measure optimization, and neighbor searching algorithms based on the modified k-d tree can speed nearest neighbor classification substantially.     

低纬子午环仪器误差的测定及其处理方法

仪器误差的精确测定和消除对于提高子午环的观测精度有着至关重要的意义。本文简单介绍了低纬子午环的观测原理和仪器结构，系统地探讨了它的各种仪器误差的来源、测定和处理方法。为了进一步完善采用组合固定角距法测定对径改正的方法，在第三章，研究了提高对径改正测量精度的方法，重新推导了对径改正的计算公式，并就某些具体的条件，对其进行了模拟验证，得到了较为满意的结果     

Accuracy of kinematic wave and diffusion wave approximations for space-independent flows on infiltrating surfaces with lateral inflow neglected in the momentum equation

Error equations for the kinematic wave and diffusion wave approximations with lateral inflow neglected in the momentum equation are derived under simplified conditions for space-independent flows. These equations specify error as a function of time in the flow hydrograph. The kinematic wave, diffusion wave and dynamic wave solutions are parameterized through a dimensionless parameter γ which is dependent on the initial conditions. This parameter reflects the effect of initial flow depth, channel-bed slope, lateral inflow, infiltration and channel roughness when the initial condition is non-vanishing; it reflects the effect of bed slope, channel roughness and acceleration due to gravity when the initial condition is vanishing. The error equations are found to be the Riccati equation. The structure of the error equations in the case when the momentum equation neglects lateral inflow is different from that when the lateral inflow is included.     

我国区域可持续发展状态的综合测度

区域可持续发展的内涵是在确保经济稳定增长和社会发展的同时,使自然资源得到合理利用,生态环境保持良性循环。因此,有必要从系统运行中提取具有标识性意义的定量化信息,来监控区域可持续发展的方向和能力。文章依据一定的原则,选取了4大类28个指标对我国大陆31个省、市、自治区的可持续发展状态进行了综合测度,提出了区域可持续发展综合能力组合类型,并对其发展状态进行了综合分析评价。