莱州湾南岸海水入侵现状评价

根据莱州湾南岸海水入侵区地下水水质特点,将海水入侵等级划分为4级。同时,选取Cl^-,矿化度,SO4^2-,rHCO3^-/rCl^-,K^-等指标作为评价因子,并分别确定了这5项指标的等级划分范围。然后,运用模糊数学的综合评判方法,对研究区内海水入侵现状做出评价。     

基于改进形态学运算的图像去噪自适应算法研究

形态学的腐蚀和膨胀两种基本运算固有特征,使其在去除图像噪声的同时,造成图像信息严重丢失.针对这种现象,首先把传统腐蚀膨胀的极值运算改进为中值运算;其次对结构元素进行改进和优化,定义单位结构元素,利用数学方法推导找到零方阵的单位结构元素;最后在这些研究工作的基础上提出一种新的自适应图像去噪算法.对比实验表明:新方法比传统形态学和中值滤波算法在低信噪比环境下具有明显优势,因此在图像去噪中具有广泛的应用前景.     

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FIVE RED TIDE SPECIES IN GENUS PROROCENTRUM INCLUDING THE DESCRIPTION OF PROROCENTRUM DONGHAIENSE LU SP. NOV. FROM THE EAST CHINA SEA

A new planktonic dinoflagellate, Prorocentrum donghaiense I_a sp. nov., is described in the present paper. The water sample was collected from the Changjiang Estuary, the East China Sea. The species identification is based on shape, size, surface micro-morphology, ornamentation of thecal plates and the architecture of the pel‘iflagellar area and the intercalary bands as seen by fight and scanning electron microscope. Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu sp. nov. is compared with other prorocentrum species with respect to morphological characteristics and bloom behavior. It is not known whether Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu sp. nov produces phycotoxins like some other Prorocentrum species. Four other red tide species in the family Prorocentraceae (Dinophyceae), namely P. balticum, P. minimum, P.micans, P. triestinum, were examined and identified by light and scanning electron microscope. They have been recorded as bloom-forming species. Some aggregates of Prorocentrum are observed at the end of blooms. An event of strong discoloration caused by P. donghaiense could be detected by satellite sensor in the East China Sea in the late spring, of 1995.     

建筑点群在城市3维形态量化中的应用

利用将建筑实体进行高度抽象,提出了建筑点群,以GIS的空间分析理论为依据,通过实体高度、起伏度、空间聚集度三个指标对城市的3维形态进行量化与分析。选取南京市主城区为实验样区,提取该区域的建筑点群,用三个指标对实验样区内3维形态的空间分布格局和时间发展特点进行定量分析与描述。实验结果证明,这三个指标从不同角度分析了建筑实体在区域内的组合方式,能够在一定程度上反映城市3维形态的基本特征,有助于对城市空间分布格局及城市历史演变过程的研究。     

用数学形态学变换实现空间分析中的数据处理

论述了数学形态学的基本算法, 并将这一方法引入空间分析的数据处理中。研究表明,该方法具有一定的可行性, 对于空间分析中一些问题的深入研究具有参考价值     

广州城市空间形态特征与时空演化分析

城市空间形态的形成和变化是城市内、外各种社会力量相互作用的物质空间反映。本文基于历史资料和遥感影像,探讨了近百年来广州城市空间形态特征和演变过程。广州城市空间形态演变依次经历了轮形团块期、触角期、分散组团式、轴向发展期、带形发展期、新的触角期等几个阶段。利用遥感方法对1979～2004年间广州市建成区变化的监测表明,该期间广州先后经历了20世纪80年代的相对稳定期、90年代前期的快速发展期、90年代中后期的平稳发展期和近年来的高速发展期,目前是扩展速度较快的时期。     

Shape analysis and multispectral classification in geological remote sensing

This paper discusses the usage of mathematical morphology in image processing of remotely-sensed data for geologic interpretation. Particular attention is given to noise-reducing transformations of spectral bands before and after different methods of classification, and to the usage of textural context. The development of a viable processing strategy requires a multidisciplinary approach and expert knowledge in different areas: (a) geology, geomorphology, and vegetation in a study area, (b) properties of the sensor for imagery photointerpretation, (c) spectral/spatial properties of the digital data within an integrated dataset (remote sensing and ancillary data), and (d) data-processing tools including mathematical morphology theory. Examples of geometric characterization of Canadian LANDSAT scenes are described in which shape measurements are obtained using a PC-based hybrid image-processing and geographic information system, termed ILWIS, which was developed at ITC, in the Netherlands. Classes from supervised and unsupervised classification are compared to guide in geological mapping. Classes over individual occurrences of broad vegetation-landform units are studied to aid in environmental mapping. Field knowledge is the context necessary to construct expert procedures to drive sequences of data-processing steps toward a target result such as optimal classification, enhancement, or feature extraction. The interaction between expert rules and the image-processing steps can be based on synthetic measurements of shape to quantize the information either spatially or spectrally. Many useful geometrical transformations of spatially-distributed data are extensions or generalizations of spatial analysis functions typical of geographic information systems.     

苏鲁交界及南黄海地区地震波速比的变化特征

本文主要应用多台波速比和单台波速比的方法，计算了苏鲁交界及南黄海（北纬３５°３５′至３６°００′，东经１１７°００′至１２１°００′）范围内，１９８４到１９９１年７月发生在该区域的１６３次ＭＬ≥１．７地震的波速比值，并对波速比结果进行ｔ检验和模糊数学分析识别。分析结果发现，１９８５年１月至１１月出现了不连续的波速比低值异常时段，模糊数学识别的异常从属函数在这段时间也呈现高值。异常恢复后，１９８７年