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721.
跨断裂水准剖面观测在地震监测中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
由于活动地块的相对运动和变形,其边界带往往构造活动强烈,是反映地壳运动的敏感部位。基于上述思路,昆仑山口西8.1级大震发生后,通过大范围监测布设在青藏块体北部地区及周边主要构造带上的水准剖面,在短期内快速获取了大范围的断裂活动信息和不同断裂带对大区域构造应力场变化的响应特征。实践证明,这种监测方式灵活、作业周期短、资料处理快,能及时对震情趋势做出估计,不失为当前区域形变监测工作的一种新的探索。 相似文献
722.
723.
Christine Franke Thomas Frederichs Mark J. Dekkers 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,170(3):1053-1066
Low-temperature rock magnetic measurements have distinct diagnostic value. However, in most bulk marine sediments the concentration of ferrimagnetic and antiferromagnetic minerals is extremely low, so even sensitive instrumentation often responds to the paramagnetic contribution of the silicate matrix in the residual field of the magnetometer. Analysis of magnetic extracts is usually performed to solve the problems raised by low magnetic concentrations. Additionally magnetic extracts can be used for several other analyses, for example electron microscopy or X-ray diffraction. The magnetic extraction technique is generally sufficient for sediments dominated by magnetite. In this study however, we show that high-coercivity components are rather underrepresented in magnetic extracts of sediments with a more complex magnetic mineralogy. We test heavy liquid separation, using hydrophilic sodium polytungstenate solution Na6 [H2 W12 O40 ], to demonstrate the efficiencies of both concentration techniques. Low-temperature cycling of zero-field-cooled, field-cooled and saturation isothermal remanent magnetization acquired at room temperature was performed on dry bulk sediments, magnetic extracts, and heavy liquid separates of clay-rich pelagic sediments originating from the Equatorial Atlantic. The results of the thermomagnetic measurements clarify that magnetic extraction favours components with high spontaneous magnetization, such as magnetite and titanomagnetite. The heavy liquid separation is unbiased with respect to high- and low-coercive minerals, thus it represents the entire magnetic assemblage. 相似文献
724.
725.
726.
This paper provides an outline of Cretaceous stratigraphy and paleogeography in China, which is based on rich data obtained from recent researches. Cretaceous deposits are widespread in China. Most strata are of nonmarine origin and marine sediments occur only in Tibet, western Tarim Basin of Xinjiang, Taiwan and limited localities of eastern Heilongjiang. All deposits are rich in fossils and well-constrained biostratigraphically. The stratigraphic successions of different regions are illustrated, and general stratigraphic division and correlation have been introduced. The marine deposits are described in the Tibetan Tethys, Kashi-Hotan Region of Xinjiang, eastern Heilongjiang, western Yunnan and Taiwan; the nonmarine deposits are outlined from northeast China, southeast China, southern interior China, southwest China, the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia region, and northwestern China intermontane basins. The sedimentary facies and paleogeography are diversified. In Tibet the basin evolution is largely related to the subduction and collision of the Indian Plate against the Eurasian Continent, and shows a tectonic evolution in the Cretaceous. Foraminifera are a dominant biota in the Tibet Tethys. Nonmarine sediments include variegated and red beds, coal- or salt-bearing horizons, and volcanic rocks. These deposits contain diverse and abundant continental faunas and floras, as well as important coal and oil resources. The Cretaceous stratigraphy and paleogeography in China have presented a foundation for geological studies. 相似文献
727.
In marine strata from Sinian to Middle Triassic in South China, there develop four sets of regional and six sets of local
source rocks, and ten sets of reservoir rocks. The occurrence of four main formation periods in association with five main
reconstruction periods, results in a secondary origin for the most marine gas pools in South China. To improve the understanding
of marine gas pools in South China with severely deformed geological background, the dominant control factors are discussed
in this paper. The fluid sources, including the gas cracked from crude oil, the gas dissolved in water, the gas of inorganic
origin, hydrocarbons generated during the second phase, and the mixed pool fluid source, were the most significant control
factors of the types and the development stage of pools. The period of the pool formation and the reconstruction controlled
the pool evolution and the distribution on a regional scale. Owing to the multiple periods of the pool formation and the reconstruction,
the distribution of marine gas pools was complex both in space and in time, and the gas in the pools is heterogeneous. Pool
elements, such as preservation conditions, traps and migration paths, and reservoir rocks and facies, also served as important
control factors to marine gas pools in South China. Especially, the preservation conditions played a key role in maintaining
marine oil and gas accumulations on a regional or local scale. According to several dominant control factors of a pool, the
pool-controlling model can be constructed. As an example, the pool-controlling model of Sinian gas pool in Weiyuan gas field
in Sichuan basin was summed up. 相似文献
728.
A simplified approach for vulnerability assessment in moderate-to-low seismic hazard regions: application to Grenoble (France) 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
Philippe Guéguen Clotaire Michel Laele LeCorre 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2007,5(3):467-490
Due to the moderate seismic risks in France, the building vulnerability assessment methods developed for high seismic risk
countries could not easily be used here because of their cost and the low-risk perception among the public and officials.
A light vulnerability assessment method is proposed and tested in Grenoble (France), based on classes and scores provided
in the GNDT method but simplified in terms of visual screening and number of structural parameters used. Compared to the RiskUE
method, the damage obtained by our approach shows that 90% of buildings have residuals smaller than 0.2, i.e. one grade of
the EMS98 damage scale. A large scale survey is devised and conducted among the inhabitants of Grenoble in order to collect
the main structural parameters. By comparing the results from the survey to the historical urbanization of Grenoble and to
expert surveys performed in two urban districts, the information useful for the light method of vulnerability assessment can
be rapidly collected by non-experts reducing substantially the estimate cost. The average damage is then computed using the
GNDT formula considering the probable intensities which could be observed in Grenoble (VII and VIII). The average damage reaches
0.4 in the oldest part of Grenoble mainly made of masonry buildings and 0.2 in reinforced concrete suburbs where reinforced
concrete predominates. The results are a relative vulnerability assessment that provides useful initial information for the
urban zones of Grenoble where the vulnerability is higher. This method can be used to classify the seismic vulnerability in
wide seismic-prone regions to a fair degree of accuracy and at low cost. 相似文献
729.
南方海相地震资料脊波非线性阈值去噪方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
小波分析方法在数据处理中已得到成功广泛的应用,这主要得益于它的局部时频分析能力,但是小波分析对方向的表征能力有限。脊波变换具备优越的方向选择性能,能更好地处理含有线状变化特征的信号。本文针对低信噪比地震记录,尝试研究利用脊波变换方法对其进行处理,提高剖面资料信噪比,突出同相轴信息。在对南方某油田的实际地震资料的处理中,可以发现处理后的地震剖面同相轴品质及连续性有了明显改善,信噪比增强,分辨率相应提高,体现出了该方法相对常规小波分析方法的优越性。 相似文献
730.
遥感和GIS技术在全球海面风速分析中的应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
将遥感技术和地理信息系统(GIS)技术相结合,建立了一个基于TOPEX卫星的全球海面风速分析的海洋地理信息系统(MGIS)。阐述了全球海面风速分析模型的建立方法,定义了描述风场特征的相关参数,介绍了全球海面风速海洋地理信息系统的结构、功能和工作流程,另外,对系统的3个应用实例进行了地学分析。 相似文献