闪锌矿精矿氧压酸浸渣中硫的回收实验研究

对锌精矿氧压酸浸渣中硫的回收进行了研究,选择不燃不爆的有机试剂A作萃硫剂,在加热条件下,浸渣中的硫溶解于有机试剂A中,冷却后析出单质硫。当液固比为8∶1,≥110℃加热6～8min,硫回收率达98.5%,纯度>99.5%。     

常规取心工具在定向井中应用的可行性分析

通过对岩心收获率影响因素的分析,认为常规取心工具可以在定向井取心中应用,但是岩心收获率要比直井低,并且随井眼弯曲强度的增大而降低。进一步分析并提出提高定向井取心收获率的方法,为定向井取心工具的研制提供了依据;引用国内外已有的钻井文献证明了以上结论。     

Ionic surfactants adsorption on heterogeneous surfacesAdsorption de tensioactifs ioniques sur les surfaces hétérogènes

The adsorption of surfactants from aqueous solution is a phenomenon of major importance in applications ranging from ore flotation and paint technology to enhanced oil recovery. As this paper will illustrate, the process is very complex and of high scientific interest; its results can be extended to the retention of organic compounds (humic and fulvic acids, pollutants...) on solids in the biosphere. For a good understanding of the mechanisms involved in surfactants adsorption at the hydrophilic solid–aqueous solution interface, thermodynamic models have to take into account: (i) the physical chemistry of the surfactant in aqueous solution for choosing the appropriate reference phase, (ii) the surface heterogeneity of the adsorbing solid, (iii) the intensity of normal adsorbate–adsorbent bonds responsible for adsorption, (iv) the intensity of lateral bonds that favour the formation of surface aggregates through cooperative process and finally, (v) suitable theoretical models to describe adsorption phenomena. Once this has been achieved, two systems can be discussed: systems characterised by strong normal adsorbate–adsorbent bonds, currently used in ore flotation, which lead, in the case of heterogeneous surfaces, to the formation of lamellar aggregates at monolayer concentration and bilayer formation for higher concentrations. Systems characterised by weak normal adsorbate–adsorbent bonds, currently used in enhanced oil recovery and hydrocarbon (bio)remediation, which correspond to: (i) formation of globular micelles at the solid surface near the CMC when the temperature is higher than the Krafft point, (ii) formation of bilayered lamellar aggregates in the opposite case, (iii) three-dimensional condensation on substrate (T<T_Krafft) if the ionic surfactant interacts with cations in the bulk. To cite this article: J.-M. Cases et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 675–688.     

Oligochaetes, organic sedimentation, and trophic state: how to assess the biological recovery of sediments in lakes?

Oligochaete communities were used to assess the biological recovery of sediments after the abatement of eutrophication in Lake Geneva (Switzerland). In 1995, mean relative abundance of oligotrophic worm species (OS) was around 30% in areas of low organic sedimentation (LOS) whereas, in areas of high organic sedimentation (HOS), it was below 15%. The abundance of OS observed in LOS areas was close to values predicted from total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in the water. Recovery from eutrophication proceeded at the same pace in the water (TP) and in the sediment (OS) of LOS areas, whereas it was delayed in the sediment of HOS areas. Lake Geneva was mesotrophic according to the oligochaete communities of LOS areas, but it was meso-eutrophic according to those of HOS areas.     

应用磁暴月相二倍法对全球MS ≥ 7.5大地震的预报效果分析

分析了应用磁暴月相二倍法计算的发震时间与１９９１年１２月—１９９４年１１月间全球发生的ＭＳ≥７．５大震的对应情况。在此期间共发生ＭＳ≥７．５的大震１３次（其中包括一次强余震），对应的大震有８次，虚报５次，漏报５次     

迎接电子出版物的挑战──谈纸质印刷品的高质量印刷

阐述了高质量印刷的4种方法：高精细度印刷、调频网印刷、高密度印刷、6～7色印刷以及它们的印刷效果和有待解决的问题。     

沉积物中~（210）Pb的测量方法

本文介绍了一种测定积物中２１０Ｐｂ的方法．沉积物中的２１０Ｐｂ用ＨＮＯ３和ＨＦ消化，然后２１０Ｐｏ在８５～９０℃下从０．５ｍｏｌＨＣｌ介质中自沉积在银片上；其全程放化回收率为８５．０±４．９×１０－２