位置地图情境研究

随着位置服务、位置地图的兴起,情境作为一种研究客观世界与人类之间关系的抽象工具,已被逐渐地引入到移动地图服务中来.鉴于目前情境理论在地图的应用过程中存在基本概念不清、主要研究内容不明确的问题,重点剖析了位置地图情境的内涵,并从情境建模、情境匹配、情境推理和情境表达四方面,开展了位置地图情境的相关技术研究.     

LOCATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH： CASE STUDY IN CHINA

This paper explores how location could affect economic growth and it has always been omitted in economic analysis. Geographic factors can affect economic activities. Three mechanisms of location affecting economic growth have been studied: consumption, production and migration. The initial superior location will take such advantages as lower transport costs and lower price level, so it could have higher consumption utility, higher productivity, and attract more human capital, then lead higher growth. Those regions with the superior location will have higher utility due to more product varities and the comparative lower price, and higher wage due to the production technology, and it would attract more individuals with higher human capital to move to this location. It is a kind of agglomeration, meaning the superior location will hold more advantages and higher growth rate, otherwise those locations with poor geographic factor will be even worse. Based on Chinese provincial economic growth experiences of these years, this paper does some empirical analysis by regressing on some variables including the geographic ones. In this paper, the dummy variables and population density are used to measure the location factor. And we find evidences supporting the view that dominant locations such as coastal areas grow faster, on the contrary,middle and western provinces grow slower. Location does affect economic growth.     

小秦岭金矿田507脉成矿期内构造活动及矿体定位关系

根据构造控矿的观点，通过对成矿期内容矿断裂活动分析，阐述了构造活动与矿体定位的关系。     

ANALYSIS OF THE STRATIFICATION FEATURES OF THE YELLOW SEA AND THE LOCATION OF ITS GENERAL SHELF FRONT IN THE WARM HALF-YEAR

A stratification parameter ,defined as theamount of mechanical energy required to bring about vertical mixing, has been calculated for theYellow Sea using available data over the past ten years.T he monthly distributions of Log are obtained to explain the features of the Yellow Sea stratification.Fronts of the shallow shelf sea are often inseparably related with its stratifications. The front of the Yellow Sea in the warm half-year is generated in May and disappears in November. The shelf front moves shoreward and becomes strong in the heating season, but becomes weak in the cooling season upon return.     

2022年门源MS6.9地震震区三维速度与发震机制研究

2022年1月8日,青海省门源县发生M_S6.9地震。使用青海、甘肃等区域数字台网所观测到的2009年1月1日—2022年2月8日间青海门源及周边地区(36°～39°N,101°～104°E)14 869次地震事件的地震观测资料,基于双差成像(TomoDD)方法进行重定位分析,结果表明：门源及周边地区地震震源深度较浅,主要集中在5～15 km深度范围,其中10 km附近分布最多。推断该深度区域为门源及周边地区的主要孕震区。基于地震重定位结果和主震区三维速度结构分别对2016年门源M_S6.4地震和此次地震序列的发震机理进行分析对比,发现两次地震都位于高速异常体边缘,速度结构与断裂、地震序列吻合较好。2022年门源地震位于高速体的西端末梢位置,是该高速体受青藏高原东北缘顺时针应力作用导致的滑动产生的走滑型地震。     

2020年2月18日长清MS4.1地震发震构造研究

本文利用基于波形互相关的双差定位方法对2020年2月18日长清M_S4.1地震序列进行了精定位计算, 共得到33个地震事件的精定位结果。 结果显示, 地震序列主要沿NW向分布, 在水平方向上具有自NW向SE迁移, 在深度上具有由浅向深迁移的特征; 序列震源深度主要集中在2~7 km, 其中, 主震的震源深度约2.8 km。 由于长清地震序列的地震数量较少, 为了更准确地了解长清地震序列的发震构造、 探索该序列的发生和发展过程, 本文采用CAP方法反演了主震的震源机制解, 其中, 节面Ⅰ走向223°、 倾角42°、 滑动角-160°, 节面Ⅱ走向117.9°、 倾角76.8°、 滑动角-49.8°, 最佳拟合震源矩心深度约2.8 km, 矩震级M_W4.2。 结合区域构造特征分析认为, 长清M_S4.1地震的发震断裂为孝里铺断裂和东阿断裂之间发育的一条浅层次生断裂。 在ENE向区域应力场作用下, 发震断裂产生高角度正断滑动, 并伴有左旋走滑分量, 从而引发长清地震序列。     

2019年河南淅川ML 4.2地震震源深度测定

采用震源深度测定的确定性方法（PTD）和震源机制CAP反演法,对2019年11月30日河南淅川丹江口水库发生的M_L 4.2地震进行分析,重新计算了此次地震的震源深度。结果表明,2种方法所得到的震源深度基本一致,均约为7.0 km,与中国地震台网中心统一编目结果（7.1 km）相差不大,此结果可能表明地震监测台网相对较好的情况下,用不同方法测得的震源深度相差不大。     

Rapid report of the 8 January 2022 ​MS 6.9 Menyuan earthquake,Qinghai, China

The M_S 6.9 Menyuan earthquake in Qinghai Province, west China is the largest earthquake by far in 2022. The earthquake occurs in a tectonically active region, with a background b-value of 0.87 within 100 ?km of the epicenter that we derived from the unified catalog produced by China Earthquake Networks Center since late 2008. Field surveys have revealed surface ruptures extending 22 ?km along strike, with a maximum ground displacement of 2.1 ?m. We construct a finite fault model with constraints from InSAR observations, which showed multiple fault segments during the Menyuan earthquake. The major slip asperity is confined within 10 ?km at depth, with the maximum slip of 3.5 ?m. Near real-time back-projection results of coseismic radiation indicate a northwest propagating rupture that lasted for ～10 ?s. Intensity estimates from the back-projection results show up to a Mercalli scale of IX near the ruptured area, consistent with instrumental measurements and the observations from the field surveys. Aftershock locations (up to January 21, 2022) exhibit two segments, extending to ～20 ?km in depth. The largest one reaches M_S 5.3, locating near the eastern end of the aftershock zone. Although the location and the approximate magnitude of the mainshock had been indicated by previous studies based on paleoearthquake records and seismic gap, as well as estimated stressing rate on faults, significant surface-breaching rupture leads to severe damage of the high-speed railway system, which poses a challenge in accurately assessing earthquake hazards and risks, and thus demands further investigations of the rupture behaviors for crustal earthquakes.     

中国年封存量百万吨级CO2地质封存选址策略

CO₂地质封存是实现碳中和背景下难减排产业可持续发展的重要支撑技术。相较一些发达国家已经成功实现封存量为每年百万吨级CO₂封存项目工业化,中国的CO₂地质封存项目起步较晚,以封存量为每年十万吨级CO₂封存项目为主,而针对年封存量百万吨级及以上大型CO₂封存项目的选址、封存和监测尚缺乏经验。在针对世界上15个年封存量百万吨级CO₂地质封存项目成功案例调研基础上,按照封存场地圈闭地质类型划分了构造型圈闭(背斜型、断层型和裂缝型)和岩性型圈闭(砂岩型和碳酸盐岩型)两大类。在统计不同类型封存场地地质特征参数基础上,从“规模性、注入性、安全性和经济性”4大指标入手,提出了“大(Big)、通(Permeable)、保(Preserved)、值(Value)” BPPV选址原则,明确了年封存量百万吨级CO₂地质封存场地选址原则及参数标准。我国盆地类型多样差异大,需要采取不同的CO₂封存策略。针对鄂尔多斯、大庆油田等大型坳陷型盆地,由于其构造规模大、砂体分布面广、大规模背斜和岩性圈闭发育,寻找大型整装深层盐水层或者衰竭型油气藏封存场地的潜力大;针对东部渤海湾及近海断陷型盆地,由于断层发育、断层相关圈闭多、单圈闭容量较小,封存有效性受断层影响大,宜采取圈闭群综合评价与断层活动性动态评价相结合的策略;对西部叠合盆地,盆地边缘构造冲断带一般构造应力强、地层压力高、CO₂注入难度大,但盆地中央古隆起斜坡可以成为有效的封存场地,因此对西部盆地需要采取分区分带分层评价策略。     

E5000型全谱直读型电弧发射光谱仪研制及其在地球化学样品分析中应用

在地球化学样品检测工作中,Ag、B、Sn等难分析元素通常采用传统的交流电弧发射光谱法(摄谱仪),随着地球化学样品数量的增加以及对检测结果质量要求的提高,该方法操作复杂、分析过程繁琐的问题与日常大量样品分析的矛盾日益突出,多道式电弧直读发射光谱也开始在行业内应用。本文基于先进的数字光源技术和CCD全谱型光谱仪技术,改进了电弧发生系统、分光系统和检测系统,将电弧激发光源与Paschen-Runge型全谱CCD光谱仪结合,研制了一款新型的台式全谱直读型电弧发射光谱仪E5000。E5000型电弧发射光谱仪通过激光定位结合程控电极技术,自动调整电极位置,提高了采谱过程的精度控制;利用CCD全谱技术获得了激发样品的全谱信息,可轻易实现光谱信号的背景扣除和干扰校正;且无需再次测定黑度,直接获得分析结果;同时结合内标法和标准加入法,可以进一步提高复杂基体样品的分析精准度。应用研制的光谱仪对水系沉积物和土壤样品进行检测,Ag、B、Sn元素的检出限分别达到了0.01μg/g、0.65μg/g、0.16μg/g,在分析水系沉积物、土壤时检测精密度基本小于10%,优于当前的摄谱法和多道电弧直读光谱法,满足了地球化学样品检测质量要求。