SPOT影像光束法平差复共线性消除

CCD卫星影像空间后方交会时,存在系数矩阵列向量间的强相关的问题,用光束法平差同样存在这个问题,将光束法平差与线角元素分求法、广义岭估计、附有限制条件的平差结合,证实三种方法都可以克服平差时外元素和变率改正数震荡大的缺点,并且取得了合理的空间后方交会精度和地面点定位精度。     

培育密度和投饵量对长牡蛎壳黑选育品系幼虫生长存活及附着变态的影响

为探究长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)壳黑选育品系规模化繁育适宜的培育密度和投饵量,本研究以长牡蛎野生群体幼虫为对照组,分析了不同培育密度(3、7和15个/mL)和不同初始投饵量(0.4、0.8和1.6×10~3cells·ind^-1·d^-1)对长牡蛎壳黑选育品系幼虫生长、存活及附着的影响。研究显示,培育密度和投饵量对长牡蛎幼虫的生长速率、存活率和附着率有显著交互作用(P<0.05)。在培育密度3和7个/mL实验组,长牡蛎幼虫生长速率随投饵量增加而显著增大(P<0.05),并在培育密度7个/mL、投饵量1.6×10~3cells·ind^-1·d^-1实验组达到最大值。而在培育密度15个/mL实验组,投饵量增加对长牡蛎幼虫的生长速率无显著影响(P> 0.05)。且在培育密度15个/mL、投饵量1.6×10~3cells·ind^-1·d^-1实验组长牡蛎壳黑品系幼虫存活率和附着率最低。但在培育密度15个/mL实验组长牡蛎壳黑选育品系幼虫的壳高始终高于野生群体幼虫。且除投饵量0.4×10~3cells·ind^-1·d^-1实验组外,长牡蛎壳黑选育品系幼虫生长速率、存活率和附着率均高于野生群体幼虫。研究结果表明,长牡蛎壳黑选育品系幼虫最适培育条件为培育密度7个/mL、投饵量1.6×10~3cells·ind^-1·d^-1,增加投饵量可促进长牡蛎幼虫生长,但过高的培育密度会与投饵量产生拮抗作用,抑制幼虫生长,不利于幼虫存活和附着。与长牡蛎野生群体相比,壳黑选育品系幼虫能适应更高的培育密度环境,在饵料充足的条件下,其幼虫的生长、存活及附着性状均优于野生群体。     

机载激光点云中高压电塔自动识别方法

提出了一种基于格网特征的机载激光点云高压电塔自动识别方法。首先对机载激光点云数据进行滤波去噪处理;然后对点云数据进行规则格网化特征分析获得高压电塔粗识别区域;最后对粗识别区域进行外接邻域网格线性特征悬空点集检测以确定电塔识别结果,并以分层切片法分析获取电塔平面中心坐标。采用大型无人机实际线路巡检获取的机载点云数据对本文算法进行验证,试验结果表明本算法可实现高压电塔的快速自动识别,对无人机电力巡检智能诊断具有一定的促进作用。     

The use of cartographic control points in the harmonization and revision of MRDBs

The main purpose of the research is to achieve fully automated approach for supplying multi-resolution databases with linear objects in each scale. Moreover, the proposed solutions maintain the repeatability and accuracy of output data wherever possible according to the input scale. These properties are achieved by keeping the minimal object dimensions as well as the appropriate data pre-processing, based on the classification of source points. The classification distinguishes three classes of points: constant (unchangeable), temporary, and inherited. These classes build a structure of cartographic control points. Based on these solutions, the authors proposed an algorithm for linear object simplification based on minimal object dimensions and cartographic control points. It was also confirmed that the simplification between constant points does not cause geometry discrepancies in relation to the global simplification of the whole line.     

基于面片裁切技术的点云轮廓线生成算法

随着点云在各个领域的广泛应用,对点云处理相关技术的研究更为活跃。目前,研究的热点主要集中在点云去噪、配准、分割、增强、特征提取和重建等方面。其中,特征提取起着承前启后的作用,具有十分重要的研究价值。基于面片裁切技术的点云轮廓线生成算法。首先,对点云数据进行面片提取,通过面片生长、融合生成特征面片,并根据提出的面片双向索引法快速构造特征线,最终实现点云平面轮廓线的生成。实验证明,本算法可快速、准确、有效地实现点云轮廓线的生成。     

Transition-region explosive events produced by plasmoid instability

Magnetic reconnection is thought to be a key process in most solar eruptions. Thanks to highresolution observations and simulations, the studied scale of the reconnection process has become smaller and smaller. Spectroscopic observations show that the reconnection site can be very small, which always exhibits a bright core and two extended wings with fast speeds, i.e., transition-region explosive events.In this paper, using the PLUTO code, we perform a 2-D magnetohydrodynamic simulation to investigate small-scale reconnection in double current sheets. Based on our simulation results, such as the line-of-sight velocity, number density and plasma temperature, we can synthesize the line profile of SiIV 1402.77? which is a well known emission line used to study transition-region explosive events on the Sun. The synthetic line profile of Si IV 1402.77? is complex with a bright core and two broad wings which can extend to nearly 200 km s^-1. Our simulation results suggest that the transition-region explosive events on the Sun are produced by plasmoid instability during small-scale magnetic reconnection.     

A new method to determine the gravity field of small bodies from line-of-sight acceleration data

We present a new method to derive line-of-sight acceleration observables from spacecraft radio tracking data. The observables can be used to estimate the mass and gravity of a natural satellite as a spacecraft flyby. The corresponding observation model adapts to one-way and two/three-way tracking modes. As a test case for method validation and application, we estimated the mass and degree two gravity field for the Martian moon Phobos using simulated tracking data when the spacecraft Mars Express flew by Phobos on 2013 December 29. We have a few real tracking data during flyby and they will be used to confirm raw data simulation. The main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the method of line-of-sight acceleration reduction from raw tracking data and the feasibility to estimate mass and gravity of a natural satellite using this type of observable. This novel method is potentially applicable to planet and asteroid gravity field studies combined with Doppler tracking data.     

粒子加速器中高精度丝线绝对位置测量技术研究

粒子加速器中采用振动线技术进行共架单元上多块磁铁的高精度预准直,需要将振动线代表的磁中心引出进行共架单元之间的相对准直。为了获取以振动线为代表的丝线高精度空间绝对位置,本文对采用近景摄影测量技术进行点、线位置求解的方法进行了研究。利用单相机多站位的方法进行拍摄,通过标定板提供的高精度控制点坐标,采用自标定光束法平差对相机进行标定,并提出将空间直线离散成空间2点进行直线整体精确求解。对标定板上由2点组成的模拟直线进行测量验证,并与标定板提供的理论值进行对比,结果显示空间直线位置获取精度优于5 μm。这表明了本文理论和方法的正确性,为进一步研究丝线高精度空间绝对位置测量打下了基础。     

磁浮交通试验线压力管道直线度的测量方法研究及应用

目前,国内外对于磁浮交通真空压力管道直线度测量问题的研究较少。本文结合西南交通大学在建的真空磁浮高速列车试验装置,提出了一种真空压力管道直线度测量方法。该方法在管道内建立高精度=维控制网,依据三维控制网测量采用圆曲线拟合方法确定各节管道的圆心坐标,并采用直线拟合方法分析整个管道的直线度。最后依据上述方法编制程序对实测数据进行了处理分析,验证了方法的可行性和正确性,可为今后真空磁浮压力管道的建设提供技术参考。     

建筑物侧面轮廓线约束的高分辨率遥感影像建筑物高度估算方法

针对现有利用阴影长度法提取建筑物高度时存在的阴影间相互遮挡问题,提出了一种基于建筑物侧面轮廓线进行建筑物高度估算的新方法。首先,利用RPC模型计算建筑物像点位移的方向与卫星成像角度,再将遥感影像进行旋转,使建筑物像点位移沿水平方向;然后,利用Canny算法进行轮廓检测,并构建一定长度的矩形形态学结构元素,对轮廓图像进行形态学开运算,以提取侧面轮廓线,再利用Hough变换与建筑物角点约束,对所提取的轮廓线进一步筛选;最后,根据卫星侧视成像时建筑物高度与像点位移的几何关系进行建筑物的高度估算。利用实际的高分辨率卫星影像对本文方法进行了验证,并与阴影法估算建筑物高度进行了对比。试验结果证明,利用建筑物侧面轮廓线进行建筑物高度估算平均误差可以达到0.7 m,且实际精度优于使用阴影法进行建筑物高度估算。