GIS中直线元内插点精度及对误差带的影响

基于误差传播定律，考虑参数r误差影响，推导了线元内插点的精度计算公式，讨论内插点精度对线元误差带的影响，并对影响的结果进行了分析，得到了一些有益的结论。     

伊敏五牧场区煤质特征及变质规律

伊敏五牧场区存在着从褐煤到贫煤完整的变质系列,其主要煤变质类型为接触变质.在本区煤系地层底部有一酸性侵入岩体,该侵入岩体是引起本区煤变质的直接热源,它提供了褐煤向烟煤转化的热动力.本区出现的隐爆角砾岩也是受热不均匀或热叠加造成煤类复杂多变的原因.区内构造十分发育,构造条件是煤变质的又一主要因素.研究该区煤变质规律对伊敏煤田及海拉尔褐煤盆地烟煤预测具有指导作用.     

新疆鄯善康古尔塔格蛇绿岩及其大地构造意义

康古尔塔格蛇绿岩的岩石组合为变质橄榄岩-堆晶橄榄岩-辉长岩-斜长花岗岩-辉绿岩-玄武岩。方辉橄榄岩（蛇纹岩）、蛇纹石化辉石岩、蚀变辉长岩与特罗多斯蛇绿岩中同类型岩石类似，岩石总体低钾。变质橄榄岩MgO／（MgO＋TFeO）为0．834～0．866，TiO，（wt％）为0．02％，为SSZ型蛇绿岩的变质橄榄岩。玄武岩的构造环境判别显示其形成于边缘海盆。放射虫硅质岩的Al2O3／（Al2O3＋Fe2O3）值平均为0．047，MnO／TiO2比值平均为0．93，Ce具负异常，Ce／Ce^＊=0．548，Lan／Cen=1．661．表明放射虫硅质岩的形成环境与洋中脊有密切关系。该蛇绿岩位于塔里木板块和哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块的艾比湖-康古尔塔格缝合线上，为一套无序产出的古生代北天山洋在该区的古洋壳残片。     

Effects of laser beam alignment tolerance on lidar accuracy

One of the major lidar error sources not yet analyzed in the literature is the tolerance of the laser beam alignment with respect to the scanning mirror. In this paper, the problem of quantifying these errors is solved for rotating polygon mirror type lidar systems. An arbitrary deviation of the beam from its design direction–the vector of beam misalignment–can be described by two independent parameters. We choose these as horizontal and vertical components of the misalignment vector in the body frame. Either component affects both, horizontal and vertical lidar accuracy. Horizontal lidar errors appear as scan line distortions—along and across track shifts, rotations and scaling. It is shown that the horizontal component of misalignment results in a scan line first being shifted across the track and then rotated around the vertical at the new center of the scan line. Resulting vertical lidar error, being a linear function of the scan angle, is similar to that produced by a roll bias. The vertical component of the beam misalignment causes scan line scaling and an along track shift. The corresponding vertical error is quadratic with respect to the scan angle. The magnitude of these effects is significant even at tight alignment tolerances and cannot be realistically accounted for in the conventional calibration model, which includes only range, attitude and GPS biases. Therefore, in order to attain better accuracy, this model must be expanded to include the beam misalignment parameters as well. Addition of new parameters into the model raises a question of whether they can be reliably solved for. To give a positive answer to this question, a calibration method must utilize not only ground control information, which is typically very limited, but also the relative accuracy information from the overlapping flight lines.     

东乡铜矿断裂带构造地球化学及找矿标志

东乡铜矿区主要断裂带SiO2明显为带入组分，K^ ,Na^ ,Ca^2 ,Mg^2 属带出组分，Fe^3 /Fe^2 比值相对较低，成矿元素Cu,Pb,Zn,Ag,Au,As,Sb,Mo,Sn含量增高，属于明显的带入组分，可作为储矿断裂的找矿标志。     

地质雷达及浅层地震在泥质粉砂岩中断裂带上的曲线特征

探讨了如何利用地质雷达及浅层地震有关原理判释泥质粉砂岩中隐伏断裂带的性质和特征。主要的工作方法是通过现场实测，分析地质雷达反映在张性断裂带和压性断裂带上的曲线特征，分析浅层地震相遇时距曲线在断裂带上的曲线特征。后者的主要特征有：（1）在断裂带上初至时间延长；（2）在断裂带上左右支时距曲线上下跳动的幅度均等；（3）在断裂带上跳动的长度不一；（4）在断裂带左右支时距曲线上下跳动或反相；（5）时距曲线呈喇叭口。阐明了地质雷达和浅层地震的原理及其在泥质粉砂岩中勘查断裂构造的效果     

河南南召水洞岭铜铅锌矿床地质特征及成因分析

通过地质详查和综合研究相结合的手段 ,从水洞岭铜铅锌矿床的地质特征入手 ,分析矿床成因 ,提出矿床属海相火山喷发沉积 -弱改造型的成因观点     

白云鄂博群中两个重要不整合界面特征及区域对比

白云鄂博群尖山组顶部的钙质风化壳和比鲁特组顶部的铁质风化壳分别代表长城系与蓟县系及蓟县系与青白口系的分界,并具较大区域上的一致性和可对比性。不整合界面的重新厘定,必然导致白云鄂博群的解体或改为白云鄂博超群。     

甘肃小柳沟钨多金属矿地质特征及成矿模式

小柳沟钨多金属矿于 90年代初发现 ,目前已具大型、超大型规模。共有 4个矿床。成矿主要与长城系朱龙关群和隐伏花岗岩有关。该矿床成矿物质来源具双重性 ,成矿温度为中高温 ,成矿流体为中等盐度 ,同位素计算模式年龄确定其成矿于加里东期。矿床成因属于火山喷发沉积—岩浆热液改造矿床。     

山西大同——阳高5.6级地震离石台地倾斜异常特征分析

1999年 11月 1日 ,在山西大同—阳高一带发生了 Ms5 .6地震。山西离石地震台依据该台地倾斜观测出现的异常 ,震前对这次地震作了较好的短临地震预报 ,为了探讨单台地震预报的方法 ,在该次短临预报的基础上 ,进一步用差分法、滤波法、矢量法、形态分析法对观测资料作了进一步的处理 ,发现该台地倾斜震前异常反映较好 ,具有明显的阶段性特征。指出 ,这对山西的地震监测预报有重要的作用。