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????1992??2008????????????????????о?????????????洹??????仯?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????y??????????????????α?????????????????????????????????????????????о?????????????????????????????о??????????????α?????????????е????б?????е?????????????????????????????仯??????????д???С?????????????????????????????????0.13??0.48 mm/a??????????0.29 mm/a????     

流体静力水准测量系统精度分析与应用

作为一种高精度高程测量方法之一,流体静力测量系统在测量精度、反应频率、自动化程度方面远远高于其他高程测量方法,而且流体静力测量系统不需要测点之间的通视,适合于各种狭小空间和恶劣环境测量,因此在工程中有着广泛的应用。主要分析了不同种类的流体静力测量测量系统的基本原理、外部影响因素、测量精度及其应用领域。     

Deformation Evolution Characteristics Revealed by GPS and Cross-fault Leveling Data before the MS8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake

Based on GPS velocity during 1999-2007, GPS baseline time series on large scale during 1999-2008 and cross-fault leveling data during 1985-2008, the paper makes some analysis and discussion to study and summarize the movement, tectonic deformation and strain accumulation evolution characteristics of the Longmenshan fault and the surrounding area before the M_S8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, as well as the possible physical mechanism late in the seismic cycle of the Wenchuan earthquake. Multiple results indicate that:GPS velocity profiles show that obvious continuous deformation across the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau before the earthquake was distributed across a zone at least 500km wide, while there was little deformation in Sichuan Basin and Longmenshan fault zone, which means that the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau provides energy accumulation for locked Longmenshan fault zone continuously. GPS strain rates show that the east-west compression deformation was larger in the northwest of the mid-northern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone, and deformation amplitude decreased gradually from far field to near fault zone, and there was little deformation in fault zone. The east-west compression deformation was significant surrounding the southwestern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone, and strain accumulation rate was larger than that of mid-northern segment. Fault locking indicates nearly whole Longmenshan fault was locked before the earthquake except the source of the earthquake which was weakly locked, and a 20km width patch in southwestern segment between 12km to 22.5km depth was in creeping state. GPS baseline time series in northeast direction on large scale became compressive generally from 2005 in the North-South Seismic Belt, which reflects that relative compression deformation enhances. The cross-fault leveling data show that annual vertical change rate and deformation trend accumulation rate in the Longmenshan fault zone were little, which indicates that vertical activity near the fault was very weak and the fault was tightly locked. According to analyses of GPS and cross-fault leveling data before the Wenchuan earthquake, we consider that the Longmenshan fault is tightly locked from the surface to the deep, and the horizontal and vertical deformation are weak surrounding the fault in relatively small-scale crustal deformation. The process of weak deformation may be slow, and weak deformation area may be larger when large earthquake is coming. Continuous and slow compression deformation across eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau before the earthquake provides dynamic support for strain accumulation in the Longmenshan fault zone in relative large-scale crustal deformation.     

青藏块体东北缘GPS与水准资料的三维负位错联合反演

利用1999—2004年青藏块体东北缘分布密度不同的GPS与区域水准观测资料,实现三维负位错模型联合反演,综合研究该区活动块体边界断裂的应变积累状况及其分段差异性。分析结果表明:祁连山构造带东段及与庄浪河断裂、海原断裂交汇区域目前可能具有相对高应变能积累背景;而庄浪河断裂南段的兰州、临夏一带反映一定程度的应变积累特性。     

九寨沟7.0级地震前后地壳形变时空演化特征及相关问题的讨论

基于九寨沟7.0级地震前后,震中区周缘和巴颜喀拉地块周缘的跨断层观测、大面积水准测量、地震活动性等资料,利用断层三维活动量参数和水准平差计算方法,综合分析了地震前后区域地壳形变以及巴颜喀拉地块整体性运动与地震间的关系。结论如下:(1)九寨沟地震前后,远场的西秦岭构造区、六盘山断裂带、龙门山断裂带和鲜水河断裂带上的跨断层流动场地出现不同程度的异常变化,震中区域的形变并不显著;(2)由巴颜喀拉地块周缘的断层异常活动和地震活动性分析可知,巴颜喀拉地块整体性的SE向顺时针加速运动,造成了九寨沟地震震中区域的应力积累,同时,包括芦山地震在内的几次强震对九寨沟地震有一定促震作用;(3)九寨沟地震后,区域应力积累得到一定程度的释放,应力可能会在"三岔口"区域加速积累。     

安徽肥东形变台短水准降雨干扰特征分析

运用安徽肥东形变台短水准和降雨观测数据,分析了降雨对该台短水准日均值与月均值的干扰特征。在此基础上,根据观测场地膨胀土土体特性,探讨了降雨干扰短水准观测的问题,由于地表水下渗,致使膨胀土膨胀,对标志杆产生围压,从而影响测线高差。     

Coseismic vertical deformation of the M_S8.0 Wenchuan earthquake from repeated levelings and its constraint on listric fault geometry

The devastating MS8.0 Wenchuan earthquake ruptured two large parallel thrust faults along the middle segment of the Longmenshan thrust belt.Preseismic and postseismic leveling data indicated the hanging wall of the YingxiuBeichuan-Nanba thrust fault mainly presented coseismic uplift with respect to the reference point at Pingwu county town, and the observed maximum uplift of 4.7 m is located at Beichuan county(Qushan town)which is about 100 m west of the fault scarp.The foot wall of the Yingxiu-Beichuan-Nan...     

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?????????????????????CR-InSAR?????????е?????о??????LAMBDA??λ??????f ₃??f ₁₁?????2009??2010????α???????У??????????????????????ú?????????????????????е??????     

福建省现代地壳垂直运动与断裂活动

根据福建省境内１９７２年以来两次精密水准复测资料,利用速率面拟合法研究福建省现今地壳垂直运动的特征,并结合本区地质构造和地震活动性探讨这种运动的地球物理意义。资料分析表明,本区内新华夏系构造带是强震活动的主要场所,强震活动地点则又受到与这些新华夏系构造交汇的次一级的东西向构造、北西向构造和环状构造活动的制约;在主要构造断块的交接带上则表现为较显著的地壳垂直运动的差异性,差异活动较强烈的地区与本区地震活动的分布特征有着良好的一致性,且地震均落在地壳垂直运动速率变化较大的地区或其邻近海域     

GPS水准及其在测绘工程中的应用

随着似大地水准面的不断精化,GPS水准有可能代替繁重的几何水准工作,介绍了似大地水准面的确定方法,并基于我国新一代似大地水准面CQG2000,在高山区GPS高程拟合的正常高中误差达到±0.21m。结合GPS实际工程分析,GPS高程拟合精度在平原地区可达到像控点高程精度要求。