Prediction of railway ground vibrations: Accuracy of a coupled lumped mass model for representing the track/soil interaction

Recent advances in railway-induced ground vibrations showed that the track/soil interaction plays an important role in the low frequency range. This paper contributes to the numerical analysis of train/track/foundation dynamics by presenting the accuracy of a coupled lumped mass (CLM) model devoted to the railway foundations and to the track/soil coupling. Following a summary of the background and the advantages of the CLM model, the coupling strategy is quantified through two application cases. Firstly, the dynamic track deflection is calculated for different railway lines considering various degrees of complexities of foundations. Then, the foundation responses are compared depending on whether detailed coupling is introduced or not. The benefit of the proposed model is emphasized by presenting free-field ground vibration responses generated by a tram and a high-speed train, obtained by a revisited two-step prediction model developed by the authors.     

帮扶措施对山区脱贫农户生计策略选择的影响——以陇南山区为例

帮扶措施不仅是构建稳定脱贫长效机制的关键举措,更是推进脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴有效衔接的客观要求。论文构建了帮扶措施对农户生计策略选择的影响分析框架,利用入户调查数据,在辨明帮扶措施及生计策略选择特征的基础上,探讨了影响陇南山区脱贫户生计策略选择的关键因素。结果表明：(1)陇南山区有59.84%的脱贫户享受了多元帮扶措施,其中,享受最多的多元帮扶措施为产业扶贫+生态补偿扶贫,享受最多的单一帮扶措施为生态补偿扶贫;(2)陇南山区脱贫户的生计策略以务工主导型为主,呈农业特色化、非农化和多样化的特点;(3)陇南山区脱贫户生计策略选择的路径依赖性整体呈中等水平,其中,川坝河谷区农户、老年农户和低生计资本禀赋的农户生计策略选择的路径依赖性较强,且帮扶措施对其有调节作用;(4)社会资本、人力资本、金融资本和区位条件对农户的生计策略选择有显著影响;产业扶贫和电商扶贫对农户的特色务农型生计策略选择有正向影响,生态补偿扶贫和就业扶贫对农户的非农化生计策略选择有正向影响。最后,提出了优化农户生计策略的政策建议。     

印度海上战略通道的新动向、动因及影响

作为印度洋沿岸的国家,随着2015年《确保海洋安全：海洋安全战略》的出台,印度进一步拓展了海上战略通道,主要体现在三个方面：重视南太平洋海上战略通道、拓展大西洋地区海上战略通道、重视北极地区这一新航道的价值。究其原因,印度追求大国地位、参与全球海洋治理的需要以及保障能源进口多元化是其拓展海上战略通道的主要动因。印度对于海上战略通道的拓展一方面将加剧大国对于海上战略通道的争夺态势,另一方面,将有助于国际社会共同建设维护海上战略通道安全的机制。     

当代气候变化的主要特点、关键问题及应对策略

总结归纳了当代气候变化的主要特点和基本规律,并从能量角度分析了全球气候变化的原因和气候变暖的本质驱动力。同时,还提出了目前气候变暖中几个值得重点关注的问题,讨论了为何要更加重视气候变暖的不利影响及其不利影响的深刻性和广泛性,并从长远发展和短期现实角度对目前科学应对气候变暖做了一些初步思考。     

旅游地品牌特征塑造初探--以香格里拉旅游品牌为例

香格里拉是一个公共品牌，是系列旅游产品的组合，香格里拉品牌具有鲜明的特征，其特征通过品牌的个性和定位体现，品牌的个性是通过文化性和奇特性表现，信念性是品牌的定位，具体分析了香格里拉品牌的资源本体的脆弱性，旅游产品开发层次较低，品牌崇信度不确定性和品牌定位不准等问题，最后对香格里拉品牌特征的塑造，提出了建议；树立品牌意识，加强品牌管理；加强品牌定位－突出个性，构筑品牌的保护圈，实现品牌特征的接触点。     

Research on the Development Status and Strategy of Productive Rooftop Gardens on Commercial Complexes

The introduction of productive gardens on public building roofs is an active way to use urban idle space. It has ecological, economic, and social values and helps alleviate many urban problems caused by the rapid advancement of land urbanization. This paper takes the productive rooftop garden of an urban commercial complex as an example, and assesses its development status based on methods including ArcGIS, field research, and questionnaire interviews, combined with the overall aspects of the country and key case analysis. The results indicate several key aspects of the current status of such gardens in China. (1) As affected by natural and social factors, the current spatial distribution of productive rooftop gardens of commercial complexes in Chinese mainland is uneven, with 84.21% located in the southeast coast and the Sichuan region. (2) The operation and development of this type of productive landscape is in good shape. The number of rooftop gardens has continued to increase since 2013, and the scale is generally greater. Currently, the business model which combines nature education and parent-child amusement experience activities is the most stable. (3) Cases in good operating condition tend to have relatively related characteristics in layouts, traffic functions, landscape elements, and space design. (4) Questionnaire interviews show that citizens are highly willing to participate in rooftop productive landscapes, while operators still experience challenges in policies, funds, and planting knowledge in practice. This paper analyses the existing problems in the development status and strategy of the rooftop productive landscape. It proposes complementary optimization strategies to serve as a reference for the rooftop design of commercial complexes and the utilization of a significant amount of idle space on the roofs.     

Colorado’s Millennial Generation: Youth Perceptions and Experiences of Nature

Abstract

This study uses survey and focus group methods to explore attitudes toward and experiences of nature among millennial-aged students in northern Colorado. First, results confirm that young people possess a strong interest in the outdoors yet time, transportation, and new technologies hamper their ability to visit public lands and outdoor spaces. Second, respondents experience nature in ways more mediated by new technologies such as cell phones and nature DVDs. Third, citizen science and active learning show promise as techniques for returning young people to the outdoors. The challenge lies in teaching young people to reimagine the outdoors not as elsewhere or out there but as a backyard geographic space.     

我国创意产业发展的支撑条件评价及空间发展战略

创意产业从提出开始,就引起世界高度关注,并成为各国竞相发展的战略性产业。在新一轮的全球竞争中,各国纷纷把发展创意产业作为提升国家经济实力和软实力的重要途径。本文通过对国内外创意产业发展的空间分布特征及影响因素的梳理,总结创意产业发展的支撑条件,进一步构建了创意产业发展支撑条件的评价指标体系。运用主成分分析法对中国35个主要中心城市创意产业发展支撑条件进行了定量评价,并提出现阶段我国创意产业发展的空间战略:因地制宜、发挥特色、科学规划;聚焦若干重点创意产业集聚区的发展,增强集聚效应;强化以珠三角、长三角、京津冀三大创意产业集聚区的龙头带动作用;鼓励中西部地区以区域性中心城市为依托,将创意产业与本地产业升级的带动作用结合起来,形成各具特色的区域性创意中心。