�Ľ��¶ȵ�LiDAR������̬ѧ�˲��㷨

????????????????д????????ò???????????????????????????ε??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????硢??????????????????Ч??????????????????????????????????????????С??     

双偏振雷达差分传播相移的五种滤波方法对比分析

为了对双线偏振雷达的差分传播相移ΦDP进行滤波降噪处理,提高双线偏振雷达识别粒子、估测降水的能力。通过对C波段双线偏振雷达差分传播相移分别采用滑动平均、中值滤波、FIR滤波、卡尔曼滤波和小波分析5种不同方法地介绍,利用中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室移动式C波段双线偏振雷达(POLC)2013年外场试验观测资料,对比分析了经5种方法处理后的差分传播相移ΦDP径向数据,及其分别在降水估测中应用的效果。结果表明:采用FIR滤波方法、卡尔曼滤波方法和小波分析方法对ΦDP径向数据进行处理的效果比传统的滑动平均和中值滤波方法好;其中小波分析处理的ΦDP径向数据波动最小,再经过变距离法拟合的KDP数据的负值能够得到最有效地抑制,最后应用到R(KDP)降水估测中的精度最高。     

抗差卡尔曼滤波在聊城古建筑动态数据处理中的应用

古建筑在日照、风压等因素的影响下,易产生老化变形,一般会采用及时补救的方法,有时并没有分析其根本原因,本文在布设动态监控网,获得监控数据后,用抗差卡尔曼滤波对监控数据进行分析的方法,对变形方向进行预测,预测值与平差值的误差均在限差范围内,且变化方向大致相同,可以将它作为古建筑变形方向的预报,做到防患于未然。     

GPS车载导航的交互式多模型算法

GPS动态定位数据的处理广泛采用卡尔曼滤波技术,而应用卡尔曼滤波要求运动模型准确可靠,但由于载体真实运动的复杂多变,任何单一模型都难以全面描述,致使单一模型的滤波都容易出现模型误差。针对这一问题,将机动目标跟踪领域广泛应用的交互式多模型算法引入到车载导航中。通过分析车辆的运动特点,选取匀速直线模型和当前统计模型进行交互;同时考虑到车载终端计算能力有限,将状态变量在各方向解耦。仿真显示,在机动时改进的算法和单一模型的自适应算法基本相当,但在非机动时改进的算法明显占优。     

Integration of remote sensing data into hydrological models for reservoir management

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to present the methodology set up to derive catchment soil moisture from Earth Observation (EO) data using microwave spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images from ERS satellites and to study the improvements brought about by an assimilation of this information into hydrological models. The methodology used to derive EO data is based on the appropriate selection of land cover types for which the radar signal is mainly sensitive to soil moisture variations. Then a hydrological model is chosen, which can take advantage of the new information brought by remote sensing. The assimilation of soil moisture deduced from EO data into hydrological models is based principally on model parameter updating. The main assumption of this method is that the better the model simulates the current hydrological system, the better the following forecast will be. Another methodology used is a sequential one based on Kalman filtering. These methods have been put forward for use in the European AIMWATER project on the Seine catchment upstream of Paris (France) where dams are operated to alleviate floods in the Paris area.     

序贯一维型边缘检测新算法

本文提出一种既可用于从图象上提取具有某种用途的一维边缘,又可用于提取具有多种用途的二维边缘的序贯一维型边缘检测新算法。由于构成该算法重要组成部分的基础算子的作用,以及将二维问题化为一维问题求解而使其明显具有简单,快速、有效的特点。该算法还具有Abdou等所建议的边缘检测算子应具有的两个特性。     

平面监测网的动态滤波

在假定形变区域为分块连续弹性体的基础上,本文提出一个所谓虚拟形变速率参数形变模型,由它的特例可推出常见的单点位移形变模型。之后又讨论和研究了平面监测网的观测数据滤波问题,设计出一个虚拟形变速率参数卡尔曼滤波器,具体做了这几项工作:(1)在所提出的形变模型下,推导出平面监测网的状态方程;(2)解决了初始状态及其方差阵的估计问题;(3)在极大似然的原则下,得到了动态噪声方差阵的逐次修正公式。在对两个模拟网的几种不同方案进行试算之后,本文提出了几点结论和建议。     

Cost-effective network design for groundwater flow monitoring

The extensive use of groundwater resources has increased the need for developing cost-effective monitoring networks to provide an indication of the degree to which the subsurface environment has been affected by human activities. This study presents a cost-effective approach to the design of groundwater flow monitoring networks. The groundwater network design is formulated with two problem formats: maximizing the statistical monitoring power for specified budget constraint and minimizing monitoring cost for statistical power requirement. The statistical monitoring power constraint is introduced with an information reliability threshold value. A branch and bound technique is employed to select the optimal solution from a discrete set of possible network alternatives. The method is tested to the design of groundwater flow monitoring problem in the Pomona County, California.     

BANDPASS FILTERING ANALYSIS WITH GAUSSIAN WEIGHTING FUNCTION IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL FIELDS

This paper examines the response of the bandpass filter with Gaussian weighting function to arbitrarytwo-dimensional fields and proposes a new concept of relative response function.Based on the properties of relative re-sponse function,satisfactory weighting parameters C_1 and C_2 are obtained.By studying two cases,the procedure of us-ing structure function curves to choose the maximum response wavelength is formulated.It is shown that bandpass fil-tering offers some improvements to the analysis and forecast of mesoscale weather processes.     

灰色系统关联度的新模型及其在预测矿体埋深中的应用

首先提出了灰色系统关联度的一个新模型，分析了该模型的性质，其次讨论了应用该模型和关联滤波法预测矿体埋深的问题，然后进行了理论模型试算，证实了本方法的理论效果，最后，指出了新模型的主要优点。