近44年来滦河口障壁岛演变过程及其影响因素研究——以唐山市龙岛为例

为掌握滦河口障壁岛的演变特征、为海岛保护与适度利用提供数据支撑，以唐山市龙岛为例，基于RS及GIS技术，分析了近44年来障壁岛的演变特征，并探讨了影响海岛演变的主要因素。分析显示，近44年来海岛面积和长度分别呈减少和增加的趋势，海岛质心位置向西南偏西方向迁移，海岛外海一侧岸线不断后退，平均后退速率达7.37 m/a，其中1978—1984年、1996—2003年、2008—2013年及2018—2019年海岛侵蚀后退明显。研究认为，由于滦河口的自然迁移，河流输沙减少，受沿岸输沙特征影响，海岛主体部分侵蚀而两端沙嘴处堆积，海岛自然状态下已出现5~6 m/a的侵蚀。航道整治挖岛及景区建设挖岛导致近年来海岸典型断面平均后退速率达到研究期内最大值14.27 m/a，海岛长度也出现明显减少，是影响海岛演变的首要因素。滦河流域大型水库的修建使滦河输沙急剧减少，海岛岸线侵蚀加剧、海岛面积明显减少，是研究时段内影响海岛演变的次要原因。风暴潮是影响海岛演变的主要的突发性因素，尤其是2018年内短期内密集过境的台风，造成海岛岸线典型断面平均后退达10.25 m。当前，海岛的保护与适度利用要遵循海岛演变特征，严格禁止不必要的挖岛采砂，并采取海滩修复、构筑透水潜堤等工程措施对重点功能区海岸线加以防护。     

Fish Biodiversity in the Vermetid Reef Of Shiqmona (Israel)

Abstract. A study of the structure of the fish community associated with a vermetid reef at Shiqmona, Israel, revealed the highest fish biodiversity (36 species) of any habitat along the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Despite the prevalence of fish of Erythrean origin in the Levantine littoral, the benthic fish community at the site is entirely autochthonous. The families richest in members were the Blenniidae and the Gobiidae. Eighteen species are benthic, sixteen supra-benthic and two pelagic.     

福建东山岛八尺门海峡海底层序特征

应用Klein-510型(美)海底剖面仪装置，把220V AC或24V DC电源能转化为3．5KHZ的超短波向海底发射，经过不同物性的地层所产生的不同穿透与反射效应。从而在返回的信息记录中获得不同的屏谱记录．应用这一原理所获的地层信息可供分析各地层的各种参数如深度、层厚、风化程度和组成物等，如遇到突然异常物如礁石、沉船、断裂带也可从屏谱中显示出来并准确地找到它的位置和尺度。本装置已在厦门湾、湄洲湾、东山湾等多处工程应用中经过实践检验。并获得成功，八尺门海峡的探研同样取得海底地层特征的良好结果。     

Molluscan Hard-Substrate Associations in the Northern Red Sea

Abstract. The mollusc associations of 29 hard-substrate localities in the Northern Bay of Safaga Red Sea, Egypt were studied. The hard substrates were classified into 7 types: reef flats, intertidal rock bottom, very shallow subtidal conglomerate, Porites carpet, faviid carpet, platy scleractinian association, Sarcophyton carpet. Based on a cluster analysis the molluscs of these hard substrates can be classified into 5 groups: Group A is dominated by Dendropoma maxima , Chamoidea and Tridacna maxima , group B by Pedum spondyloideum, T. maxima and Coralliophila neritoidea , group C by Chamoidea and Cerithium rüppelli , group D by Modiolus auriculatus , Chamoidea, Morula granulata and Nerita albicilla and group E by Chamoidea and Pitar hebraea . The latter group contains only samples which are generally poor in molluscs. Group A molluscs are diagnostic for reef flats, group B for Porites and faviid carpets, group C for Sarcophyton carpets and group D for tidal/shallow subtidal rock substrates. The different hard substrates are therefore characterized by diagnostic mollusc associations and some of them could also be identified in the fossil record.     

Diagnoses of vertical transport in a three-dimensional finite element model of the tidal circulation around an island

A three-dimensional finite element model is used to investigate the formation of shallow-water eddies in the wake of Rattray Island (Great Barrier Reef, Australia). Field measurements and visual observations show that stable eddies develop in the lee of the island at rising and falling tides. The water turbidity downstream of the island suggests the existence of strong upwelling that would be responsible for carrying bed sediments up to the sea surface. We first propose to look at the upwelling velocity and then use the theory of the age to diagnose vertical transport. The water age is defined as the time elapsed since particles of water left the sea bottom, where the age is prescribed to be zero. Two versions of this diagnosis are considered. Although the model predicts upwelling within the eddies, it is not sufficiently intense to account for vertical transport throughout the water column during the life span of the eddies. As mesh resolution increases, this upwelling does not intensify. However, strong upwelling is then resolved off the island's tips, which is confirmed by the results obtained with the age. This study also shows that the finite element method, together with unstructured meshes, performs well for representing three-dimensional flow past an island.     

崇明岛周围水域水产经济动物资源及其利用

本文以近１０年来在崇明岛周围水域进行渔业调查所获得的资料，概述了该水域水产经济动物资源及其利用现状，并提出了相应的资源保护措施。     

南沙群岛永暑礁第四纪珊瑚礁成岩作用与海平面变化关系

应用现代地表不同环境的碳酸盐成岩特征，分析“南永１井”井深１５２ｍ的珊瑚礁岩心的成岩变化，发现这１５２ｍ珊瑚礁层中有３个沉积间断面（分别位于井深１７，９０和１４２ｍ处），分为４个沉积旋回，分属４次海平面上升期建造，３个沉积间断面是３次海平面下降期形成的。     

Juvenile-adult Colour Patterns and Coexistence in the Territorial Coral Reef Fish Pomacanthus imperator

Abstract. The coexistence of juvenile and adult territorial Pomacanthus imperator was studied in the Red Sea. The role played by their divergent colouration in the settlement of juveniles among adults on the reef is interpreted as the intraspecific equivalent of character displacement.