非开挖铺管中定向钻进轨迹设计研究

对非开挖工程中水平定向钻进轨迹最优化设计进行了深入研究。应用最优化理论的动态规划思想,以钻进台时为优化指标,根据障碍物位置、大小和钻孔参数,建立了轨迹设计的最优化模型;并推导出绕过两个障碍物的局部轨迹最优化函数,通过坐标变换,简化了兰维空间轨迹设计问题;开发了相应的软件实现模型的求解。     

城市浅层地震勘探过障碍变观设计

在城市浅层地震勘探数据采集中,地震测线经常会遇到河流、桥、交叉路口等地表障碍。为了尽量减小地表障碍造成的影响,需要对观测系统作变观设计。作者分析总结了城市浅层地震勘探中常见障碍以及过障碍变观模式,并开发了浅层地震过障碍变观设计软件,利用此软件可在采集现场快捷地进行过障碍变观。将这种方法应用于实际工作中,有效减小了资料缺失造成的影响,提高了资料的信噪比。该软件能够根据实际工作环境和设备条件在野外现场对观测系统进行灵活变观,设计出合理的过障碍观测系统,有效地提高了变观设计的效率。     

平面不规则基础隔震结构抗扭设计研究

针对平面不规则结构在水平地震作用下的振动特性,通过调整隔震层隔震支座的布置,得到3种不同工况的隔震层刚心与上部结构质心、刚心相对位置关系,分别以楼层位移和层间位移为指标的扭转位移比,作为平面不规则基础隔震结构扭转响应指标,利用弹塑性时程分析方法,通过对3种不同工况的扭转指标对比分析研究,提出适用于平面不规则基础隔震结构的抗扭设计方法。结果表明：对于平面不规则结构,应在保证隔震层扭转位移比小于1.2的基础上,使隔震层的刚心和上部结构的刚心分别位于上部结构质心的两侧,可有效控制上部结构的扭转。     

层状矿体等高线离散化后的四面体建模

基于不规则四面体的三维实体建模方法具有很多优点,但在层状矿体的建模中,该方法却不能准确地描述其层状界面。根据层状矿体建模数据的特点,先将层状矿体的等高线进行等距离散化,再建立不规则四面体三维实体模型,并为该方法设计由点、面和四面体组成的逻辑模型结构。该方法用VC++.net编程得以实现,并使用内蒙某煤矿的实际数据,建立了相应的矿床三维实体模型。实践表明,通过离散化等高线后建立的层状矿体四面体模型,能够准确反映出层状矿体的层状界面,实现对层状矿体的三维实体建模。     

北祁连西段肃南地区下志留统肮脏沟组河流相的发现及其大地构造意义

北祁连地区位于中国中央造山带中段,具有典型造山带的特征.区内志留系肮脏沟组沉积环境存在较大争议,以致对其沉积期古地理格局的认识就存在很大差异.本研究选取志留系肮脏沟组发育齐全的肃南地区老虎沟剖面为研究对象,通过野外剖面实测、室内薄片鉴定和碎屑岩粒度分析等方法对老虎沟剖面肮脏沟组沉积充填序列、沉积构造和沉积相类型进行了细...     

复膜沙袋阻沙体与芦苇高立式方格沙障防沙机理风洞模拟实验

模型按1:10比例尺设计,在u_∞=7.0 m·s^-1、u_∞=10.0 m·s^-1和u_∞=15.0 m·s^-1实验风速下,先在纯气流作用下测定流场结构,然后在风沙流作用下测定蚀积状况。实验结果表明:紧密型、疏透型和通风型3种不同结构的复膜沙袋阻沙体前近处分布有拐角阻滞绕流区、阻沙体顶下方抬升加速区、阻沙体后回流区、阻沙体后贴地层低速回流区等流场特征结构,紧密型、疏透型两种类型复膜沙袋阻沙体防风阻沙效果显著;2.5 m×2.5 m、5 m×5 m和10 m×10 m的高立式芦苇方格前沿流速逐渐增大,最大值出现于迎风第一格上空,而后逐渐阻滞减速,至15~20 m处趋于稳定,区内积沙均匀。复膜沙袋阻沙体与原状芦苇高立式方格沙障适宜于流动性沙漠地区各种设施的沙害防治工程。     

Numerical Calculation of Equivalent Cell Permeability Tensors for General Quadrilateral Control Volumes

A new method for upscaling fine scale permeability fields to general quadrilateral-shaped coarse cells is presented. The procedure, referred to as the conforming scale up method, applies a triangle-based finite element technique, capable of accurately resolving both the coarse cell geometry and the subgrid heterogeneity, to the solution of the local fine scale problem. An appropriate averaging of this solution provides the equivalent permeability tensor for the coarse scale quadrilateral cell. The general level of accuracy of the technique is demonstrated through application to a number of flow problems. The real strength of the conforming scale up method is demonstrated when the method is applied in conjunction with a flow-based gridding technique. In this case, the approach is shown to provide results that are significantly more accurate than those obtained using standard techniques.     

Fault-Growth Pattern of the South Margin Normal Fault of the Yuguang Basin in Northwest Beijing and its Influencing Factors

Based on high-resolution remote sensing image interpretation, digital elevation model 3-D analysis, field geologic field investigation, trenching engineering, and ground-penetrating radar, synthetic research on the evolution of the Yuguang Basin South Margin Fault (YBSMF) in northwest Beijing was carried out. We found that the propagation and growth of faults most often occurred often at two locations: the fault overlapping zone and the uneven or rough fault segment. Through detailed observation and analysis of all cropouts of faults along the YBSMF from zone a to zone i, we identified three major factors that dominate or affect fault propagation and growth. First, the irregularity of fault geometry determine the propagation and growth of the fault, and therefore, the faults always propagate and grow at such irregular fault segments. The fault finally cuts off and eliminates its irregularity, making the fault geometry and fault plane smoother than before, which contributes to the slipping movement of the half-graben block in the basin. Second, the scale of the irregularity of the fault geometry affects the result of fault propagation and growth, that is, the degree of the cutting off of fault irregularity. The degree of cutting off decreases as irregularity scale increases. Third, the maximum possible slip displacement of the fault segment influences the duration of fault propagation and growth. The duration at the central segments with a large slip displacement is longer than that at the end segments with a smaller slippage value.     

湖泊水下数字高程模型建模方法及应用模型

介绍了当前湖泊水下地形测量的一般方法和作业过程。针对逐点插入构建不规则三角网算法，本文提出了效率改正算法和格网索引号快速计算算法。基于不规则三角网，给出了湖泊水下数字高程模型的一般应用模型——任意点高程计算、填挖方计算模型及等深线计算模型。     

基于克隆选择算法的障碍布局分配问题研究

应用克隆选择算法(clonal selection principle,CLONALG),结合其他模型算法,提出了一套解决障碍布局分配问题的简化流程,并用实验进行了验证,得到了满意的效果。