A unified criterion for initiation of sediment motion and inception of sheet flow under water waves

A unified criterion is developed for initiation of non‐cohesive sediment motion and inception of sheet flow under water waves over a horizontal bed of sediment based on presently available experimental data. The unified threshold criterion is of the single form, U_o = 2πC[1 + 5(T_R/T)²]^?1/4, where U_o is the onset velocity of sediment motion or sheet flow, T is wave period, and C and T_R are the coefficients. It is found that for a given sediment, U_o initially increases sharply with wave period, then gradually approaches the maximum onset velocity U_o = 2πC and becomes independent of T when T is larger. The unified criterion can also be extended to define sediment initial motion and sheet flow under irregular waves provided the significant wave orbital velocity and period of irregular waves are introduced in this unified criterion.     

机场净空限制面内障碍物点三维测量

绘制机场净空限制面及障碍物位置图,是了解掌握净空限制面和障碍物关系的专用图。文中阐述了应用三维导线测量作为基本控制,以三维前方交会测量障碍物点的平面和高程的方法,为绘制机场净空限制面和障碍物关系专用图提供可靠依据。     

不规则回线源层状介质瞬变电磁场正反演研究及应用

不规则回线内任一点的电磁场可以看成是其内部多个圆形回线在该点的电磁场之和,因此,只要求出不规则回线内各个圆形回线在该点的电磁场,将它们叠加就可得出不规则回线在该点的电磁场。此种方法的关键是如何在不规则回线内划分圆形回线。采用的方法是首先在不规则回线内以测点为圆心做一个圆,这时整个回线被分为圆内和圆外两部分;然后再将回线内圆外的部分划成众多的小圆形,此时就将求解不规则回线的电磁场转化为求解圆形回线的电磁场。     

基于VB+MO的一种在飞机增雨效果统计评估中不规则影响区计算的适用方法

文章建立了基于VB＋MO地理信息系统二次开发技术,结合二维线源扩散方程,更加客观地计算出飞机播云不规则影响区的范围、面积与体积降水量的适用方法,并结合CA-FCM方法,实现了该技术方法在飞机增雨效果统计评估系统中自动化应用。结合吉林省飞机增雨作业实例介绍了该方法的具体应用,并且对结果进行了讨论。     

基于地形的LiDAR数据缺失区域填充方法研究

针对机载激光点云数据栅格化过程中出现的空白区域进行研究,在对邻近填充和最低点填充分析的基础上,提出基于地形的填充方法。对缺失数据边界进行一维形态学滤波得到其边界各点地形高,利用边界点构建不规则三角网进行地形内插填充。实验结果表明,地形填充法可适应不同原因造成的区域数据缺失,能够有效保证高程的连续性并可提高滤波精度。     

Experimental study on the seismic response of braced reinforced concrete frame with irregular columns

A 15-storey K-braced reinforced concrete model frame with irregular columns, i.e., T-shaped, L-shaped, as well as +-shaped columns, was constructed and tested on the six-degree-of-freedom shaking table at the State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering in Tongji, China. Two types of earthquake records, El-Centro wave (south-north direction) and Shanghai artificial wave (SHAW) with various peak accelerations and principal-secondary sequences, were input and experimentally studied. Based on the shaking table tests and theoretical analysis, several observations can be made. The failure sequence of the model structure is brace→beam→column→joints, so that the design philosophy for several lines of defense has been achieved. Earthquake waves with different spectrums not only influence the magnitude and distribution of the earthquake force and the storey shear force, but also obviously affect the magnitude of the displacement response. The aftershock seismic response of previously damaged reinforced concrete braced frames with irregular columns possesses the equivalent elastic performance characteristic. Generally speaking, from the aspects of failure features and drift ratio, this type of reinforced concrete structure provides adequate earthquake resistance and can be promoted for use in China.     

不同类型云的V．30特征及一次航线上云变化的实例分析

能否解决飞机在恶劣环境下飞行的问题,对降低与气象有关的飞行事故和备降率具有十分重要的意义。本文运用以V-30图作为分析工具的数字化分析方法,分析了不同类型云的V-30图结构特征,并实例分析了一次航线上云的变化过程。分析结果如下：（1）V-30图能快速区分层云积云、能识别层状云冷暖性,同时对垂直面上不同层次是否有云、云层多高多厚等也有较好识别;（2）实例分析结果与卫星云图和天气实况作比较,效果较好。实例分析验证了文章所述方法的可行性和有效性,为下一步工作奠定了基础。     

2-Dreflectivity method and synthetic seismograms for irregularly layered structures -I. SH-wave generation

Summary. The reflectivity method for complete SH seismograms has been extended to two-dimensionally layered structures. The Aki-Larner technique is generalized to solve the integral equations for 2-D boundary conditions, and propagator matrices are enlarged to express a total SH wavefield. Synthetic seismograms in a soft basin are calculated for an incident plane-wave. They compare favourably with the results of the finite-element and finite-difference methods even in the later portion where asymptotic ray and beam theories break down. Synthetic seismograms due to a line force and a point dislocation are also presented.