浅析异形建筑的面积测算方法

随着经济的发展、人民生活水平以及建筑行业建造水平的不断提高,各种异形建筑也不断涌现出来,增加了房产面积测算工作的难度。本文将结合房屋面积测算的理论知识及本人的实践经验,对异形建筑面积测算中的各种问题进行分析,并探讨合适的测算及检校方法。     

关于机载LiDAR点云数据形态学滤波的几点思考

形态学滤波是一种典型的机载LiDAR点云数据滤波方法,然而滤波过程中还存在某些容易被忽视的细节.本文在回顾现有各种形态学滤波算法的基础上,分析了特殊地形下点云数据内插存在的问题,提出了改进的内插算法;深入探讨了两种不同数据组织形式的滤波算法,指出基于不规则离散点和基于规则格网两种滤波方法各自的优势及不足;最后通过实验数据对两种方法在滤波性能和效率上给出了定性分析和定量评价.     

Visualizing perceived spatial data quality of 3D objects within virtual globes

Virtual globes (VGs) allow Internet users to view geographic data of heterogeneous quality created by other users. This article presents a new approach for collecting and visualizing information about the perceived quality of 3D data in VGs. It aims at improving users' awareness of the quality of 3D objects. Instead of relying on the existing metadata or on formal accuracy assessments that are often impossible in practice, we propose a crowd-sourced quality recommender system based on the five-star visualization method successful in other types of Web applications. Four alternative five-star visualizations were implemented in a Google Earth-based prototype and tested through a formal user evaluation. These tests helped identifying the most effective method for a 3D environment. Results indicate that while most websites use a visualization approach that shows a ‘number of stars’, this method was the least preferred by participants. Instead, participants ranked the ‘number within a star’ method highest as it allowed reducing the visual clutter in urban settings, suggesting that 3D environments such as VGs require different design approaches than 2D or non-geographic applications. Results also confirmed that expert and non-expert users in geographic data share similar preferences for the most and least preferred visualization methods.     

Extended hybrid meshing algorithm for multiresolution terrain models

Hybrid terrains are a convenient approach for the representation of digital terrain models, integrating heterogeneous data from different sources. In this article, we present a general, efficient scheme for achieving interactive level-of-detail rendering of hybrid terrain models, without the need for a costly preprocessing or resampling of the original data. The presented method works with hybrid digital terrains combining regular grid data and local high-resolution triangulated irregular networks. Since grid and triangulated irregular network data may belong to different datasets, a straightforward combination of both geometries would lead to meshes with holes and overlapping triangles. Our method generates a single multiresolution model integrating the different parts in a coherent way, by performing an adaptive tessellation of the region between their boundaries. Hence, our solution is one of the few existing approaches for integrating different multiresolution algorithms within the same terrain model, achieving a simple interactive rendering of complex hybrid terrains.     

Ad hoc matching of vectorial road networks

In integration of road maps modeled as road vector data, the main task is matching pairs of objects that represent, in different maps, the same segment of a real-world road. In an ad hoc integration, the matching is done for a specific need and, thus, is performed in real time, where only a limited preprocessing is possible. Usually, ad hoc integration is performed as part of some interaction with a user and, hence, the matching algorithm is required to complete its task in time that is short enough for human users to provide feedback to the application, that is, in no more than a few seconds. Such interaction is typical of services on the World Wide Web and to applications in car-navigation systems or in handheld devices.

Several algorithms were proposed in the past for matching road vector data; however, these algorithms are not efficient enough for ad hoc integration. This article presents algorithms for ad hoc integration of maps in which roads are represented as polylines. The main novelty of these algorithms is in using only the locations of the endpoints of the polylines rather than trying to match whole lines. The efficiency of the algorithms is shown both analytically and experimentally. In particular, these algorithms do not require the existence of a spatial index, and they are more efficient than an alternative approach based on using a grid index. Extensive experiments using various maps of three different cities show that our approach to matching road networks is efficient and accurate (i.e., it provides high recall and precision).

General Terms:Algorithms, Experimentation     

A Study on the Multi-band Radiation Mechanism of Mark 421

Based on the log-parabolic spectral energy distribution of electrons, and the homogeneous one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model, the multiband spectral energy distribution of the BL Lac object S5 0716+714 is calculated. Compared with Paggi's result which is obtained by means of δ-function approximation, it is found that a certain difference exists between our result and Paggi's. The main reason leading to this difference may be that the δ-function approximation on the synchrotron radiation of a single electron loses a part of electron energy, and therefore affects the result of inverse Compton scattering. Applying this model to the results of the multi-band observations made at three different states of Mark 421: high, medium, and low, the results of theoretical calculations are coincident very well with the observational results under the three different states of the object. An analysis indicates that the observed different states of Mark 421 are probably caused by the variation of the electron distribution in the jet.     

基于OMR的2．16米望远镜积分视场单元方案

基于积分视场单元的三维成像光谱技术日趋成熟,并且与传统的狭缝光谱仪相比有许多明显的优势。2．16m望远镜的OMR光谱仪是采用平面光栅分光的低色散卡焦光谱仪器,可以考虑对其进行积分视场单元的升级优化。在不改变OMR光谱仪自身结构,不影响现有功能的同时,利用“微透镜阵列＋光纤束”的技术可以实现积分视场单元与OMR光谱仪的耦合。设计了两种方案,给出了升级积分视场单元后的空间分辨率和视场。     

基于帧间差分的彩色视频背景提取

针对动态目标检测中的图像背景实时提取问题,采用红绿蓝三分量综合考虑的方法,进行了比较深入的算法研究。研究表明,如果图像序列时间段过短,背景中就会有目标空洞,如果图像序列时间段过长,则不能反映实时背景,在后续目标检测中就会引起较大误差。考虑合理的视频场景区域的动态目标密集程度因素,就可以较好地兼顾提取背景的实时性和背景中目标空洞的消除。