Delaunay三角网在图斑与点群目标综合中的应用

土地资源调查利用的土地类型数据多为不同比例尺电子矢量地图,以此数据为研究基础,详细介绍了Delaunay三角网及其Voronoi多边形的特性,以及在土地数据类型中的图斑综合与点群目标综合中的算法应用,具体描述了两种算法的实现过程和试验结果,并对几种点群目标算法进行了简要分析和比对,详细介绍了实现过程;重点阐述了图斑综合算法的思想和算法的具体实现.最后以"土地利用数据库智能化自动综合系统"为例验证了算法方案的合理性和可行性.     

A spatiotemporal algebra in Hadoop for moving objects

Spatiotemporal data represent the real-world objects that move in geographic space over time. The enormous numbers of mobile sensors and location tracking devices continuously produce massive amounts of such data. This leads to the need for scalable spatiotemporal data management systems. Such systems shall be capable of representing spatiotemporal data in persistent storage and in memory. They shall also provide a range of query processing operators that may scale out in a cloud setting. Currently, very few researches have been conducted to meet this requirement. This paper proposes a Hadoop extension with a spatiotemporal algebra. The algebra consists of moving object types added as Hadoop native types, and operators on top of them. The Hadoop file system has been extended to support parameter passing for files that contain spatiotemporal data, and for operators that can be unary or binary. Both the types and operators are accessible for the MapReduce jobs. Such an extension allows users to write Hadoop programs that can perform spatiotemporal analysis. Certain queries may call more than one operator for different jobs and keep these operators running in parallel. This paper describes the design and implementation of this algebra, and evaluates it using a benchmark that is specific to moving object databases.     

移动点与参考地物时空关系的自然语言描述方法研究

基于分解-组合的思想,首先对移动点的运动轨迹进行细化,并分别对移动点与参考地物目标的时空拓扑关系进行描述,在此基础上综合考虑它们之间的方向关系和距离关系,并对自然语言时空关系进行定义和集成描述。最后,通过实例对移动点运动轨迹进行了自然语言描述和应用分析。文中实现的移动对象运动轨迹的形式化描述方法,可广泛应用于导航系统中,对时空查询、时空分析及时空推理等诸多问题的研究具有重要意义。     

多核多类关联向量机的高分辨率影像目标检测

从高分辨率遥感图像数据中准确检测多类目标的任务对于检测速度和模型训练时间提出了较高的要求.文章提出了一种MKL_mRVM方法:该方法采用基于快速边缘似然最大算法直接计算mRVM分类器的决策函数,避免了传统RVM重复计算目标函数Hessian矩阵的过程,并且因为不需要构造一系列两类分类器,缩短了多类模型的训练时间;同时,将多个基础核引入多类模型,训练过程中采用交叉验证方法确定基础核权重,在随机分出的确认集上检验分类器的精度,选取使得分类模型精度最高的值作为权重的优化结果.实验结果表明,该方法能够在保持解的稀疏性的前提下,有效地缩短模型训练时间.     

综合物探在煤田自燃区勘查中应用效果分析

在陕北神府矿区石窑店井田煤层自燃勘查中,依据勘查区地质特征,采取了"放射状"不规则网状高精度磁测扫面结合二维地震剖面相结合的综合物探方法,其中高精度磁测扫面确定自燃边界,二维地震剖面解释煤自燃层位。通过对两种物探勘查方法取得的资料进行分析、对比和综合研究,确定该井田2-2煤层存在自燃现象,并圈定了自燃边界。经钻孔验证,综合物探解释的边界和埋藏深度精度较高,其中埋深误差小于8.7m。该区的勘探结果表明采用高精度磁测和二维地震勘探相结合的物探方法,能够准确的圈定煤层自燃边界,为煤矿开发和采掘设计提供可靠的地质信息。     

等离子天体物理学与现代等离子体宇宙观

现代科学表明宇宙中99%以上的可观测物质都处于等离子体状态,从小尺度的微观粒子动力学集体过程与能量转换机制到大尺度的宇宙等离子天体结构状态与爆发活动现象,都是等离子天体物理学的研究课题.从宇宙演化历史、大尺度结构形成以及爆发活动现象等方面,系统地论述了等离子天体物理学在现代天文学发展以及现代等离子体宇宙观形成中的重要作用.同时,结合空间卫星科学探测研究及其对现代天文学的巨大影响,进一步阐述了地球磁层和日球层等空间等离子体实地探测研究在等离子天体物理学研究中所扮演的“天然实验室”的独特作用.     

Molecular outflows and gas rotation associated with G20.08-0.14N

We present the results of a high-resolution study with the Submillimeter Array （SMA） toward the massive star-forming complex G20.08-0.14N. With the SMA data, we have detected and analyzed the transitions in the 12CO （3-2） and 12CO （2-1） molecular lines as well as CHaCN. The millimeter observations reveal highly collimated bipolar molecular outflows, traced by high-velocity 12CO （2-1） and 12CO （3-2） emissions. Using a rotation temperature diagram, we derive that the rota- tional temperature and the column density of CHaCN are 244 K and 1.2 ~ 1015 cm-2, respectively. We also suggest that the minor outflow is probably driven by the hy- percompact （HC） HII region A that is inside. We find the molecular gas （traced by ClrO, SO, CH3OH and SO2） surrounding G20.08-0.14N appears to be undergoing bulk rotation. The HCHII region A that is inside is most probably the main source of accretion and heating for G20.08-0.14N.     

Radar and optical observations and physical modeling of triple near-Earth Asteroid (136617) 1994 CC

We report radar, photometric, and spectroscopic observations of near-Earth Asteroid (136617) 1994 CC. The radar measurements were obtained at Goldstone (8560 MHz, 3.5 cm) and Arecibo (2380 MHz, 12.6 cm) on 9 days following the asteroid’s approach within 0.0168 AU on June 10, 2009. 1994 CC was also observed with the Panchromatic Robotic Optical Monitoring and Polarimetry Telescopes (PROMPT) on May 21 and June 1-3. Visible-wavelength spectroscopy was obtained with the 5-m Hale telescope at Palomar on August 25. Delay-Doppler radar images reveal that 1994 CC is a triple system; along with (153591) 2001 SN263, this is only the second confirmed triple in the near-Earth population. Photometry obtained with PROMPT yields a rotation period for the primary P = 2.38860 ± 0.00009 h and a lightcurve amplitude of ∼0.1 mag suggesting a shape with low elongation. Hale telescope spectroscopy indicates that 1994 CC is an Sq-class object. Delay-Doppler radar images and shape modeling reveal that the primary has an effective diameter of 0.62 ± 0.06 km, low pole-on elongation, few obvious surface features, and a prominent equatorial ridge and sloped hemispheres that closely resemble those seen on the primary of binary near-Earth Asteroid (66391) 1999 KW4. Detailed orbit fitting reported separately by Fang et al. (Fang, J., Margot, J.-L., Brozovic, M., Nolan, M.C., Benner, L.A.M., Taylor, P.A. [2011]. Astron. J. 141, 154-168) gives a mass of the primary of 2.6 × 10¹¹ kg that, coupled with the effective diameter, yields a bulk density of 2.1 ± 0.6 g cm⁻³. The images constrain the diameters of the inner and outer satellites to be 113 ± 30 m and 80 ± 30 m, respectively. The inner satellite has a semimajor axis of ∼1.7 km (∼5.5 primary radii), an orbital period of ∼30 h, and its Doppler dispersion suggests relatively slow rotation, 26 ± 12 h, consistent with spin-orbit lock. The outer satellite has an orbital period of ∼9 days and a rotation period of 14 ± 7 h, establishing that the rotation is not spin-orbit locked. Among all binary and triple systems observed by radar, at least 25% (7/28) have a satellite that rotates more rapidly than its orbital period. This suggests that asynchronous configurations with P_rotation < P_orbital are relatively common among multiple systems in the near-Earth population. 1994 CC’s outer satellite has an observed maximum separation from the primary of ∼5.7 km (∼18.4 primary radii) that is the largest separation relative to primary radius seen to date among all 36 known binary and triple NEA systems. 1994 CC, (153591) 2001 SN263, and 1998 ST27 are the only triple and binary systems known with satellite separations >10 primary radii, suggesting either a detection bias, or that such widely-separated satellites are relatively uncommon in NEA multiple systems.     

Five new and three improved mutual orbits of transneptunian binaries

We present three improved and five new mutual orbits of transneptunian binary systems (58534) Logos-Zoe, (66652) Borasisi-Pabu, (88611) Teharonhiawako-Sawiskera, (123509) 2000 WK₁₈₃, (149780) Altjira, 2001 QY₂₉₇, 2003 QW₁₁₁, and 2003 QY₉₀ based on Hubble Space Telescope and Keck II laser guide star adaptive optics observations. Combining the five new orbit solutions with 17 previously known orbits yields a sample of 22 mutual orbits for which the period P, semimajor axis a, and eccentricity e have been determined. These orbits have mutual periods ranging from 5 to over 800 days, semimajor axes ranging from 1600 to 37,000 km, eccentricities ranging from 0 to 0.8, and system masses ranging from 2 × 10¹⁷ to 2 × 10²² kg. Based on the relative brightnesses of primaries and secondaries, most of these systems consist of near equal-sized pairs, although a few of the most massive systems are more lopsided. The observed distribution of orbital properties suggests that the most loosely-bound transneptunian binary systems are only found on dynamically cold heliocentric orbits. Of the 22 known binary mutual orbits, orientation ambiguities are now resolved for 9, of which 7 are prograde and 2 are retrograde, consistent with a random distribution of orbital orientations, but not with models predicting a strong preference for retrograde orbits. To the extent that other perturbations are not dominant, the binary systems undergo Kozai oscillations of their eccentricities and inclinations with periods of the order of tens of thousands to millions of years, some with strikingly high amplitudes.     

基于不同空间信息源的地物光谱反射率模拟图像分析

本文利用ERDAS Imaging软件中的Modeler模块,开发了地物光谱反射率图像的模拟技术。以野外实测地物光谱反射率数据为依据,用土地利用类型图和高分辨率遥感影像图作为地物空间分布的信息源,以陆地资源卫星TM1-4波段为例,模拟了4个波段的地物光谱反射率图像,合成了真彩色和标准假彩色图像。对基于不同空间信息源的地物光谱反射率模拟图像进行了对比分析,指出了进一步研究的方向。