亚甲基蓝对南美白对虾(Pemaeus vannamei Boon)幼体的毒性研究

研究了亚甲基蓝对南美白对虾蚤状幼体、糠虾幼体及仔虾的急性毒性。结果表明,不同发育期的幼体,仔虾对此种消毒剂的耐受力不同。亚甲基蓝对南美白对虾蚤状幼体(Z)的24hLC50、48hLC50和安全浓度分别为:2.88×10-6,0.89×10-6,0.025×10-6;对糠虾幼体(M)的24hLC50、48hLC50和安全浓度分别为:3.39×10-6,1.04×10-6,0.029×10-6;对仔虾(P)的24hLC50、48hLC50和安全浓度分别为:6.76×10-6,2.24×10-6,0.073×10-6。     

北京突发地质灾害应急避险场所调查评价

结合北京地区突发地质灾害发育特征,提出了应急避险场所调查的内容、方法、工作流程及技术指标等内容,总结分析了北京市应急避险场所的分布、类型、规模、物资储备、建筑形式、路线长度及受灾情况等特征。同时,根据给出的应急避险场所适宜性简易评价方法对全市的应急避险场所进行了系统全面的评价,并针对性的提出了避险防范措施。     

浅谈城市水资源管理

水作为一种资源,是无可替代的宝贵的最基础的自然资源,也是维持自然界生态平衡和社会发展和谐的一项基本的物质基础。因此,在某种意义上水是人类生存生息的决定困素和具有突出的战略地位,是城市社会安全、经济持续发展的重要制约因素。因此,水资源安全问题成为世界各国空前关注的问题。     

带压开采技术在采面回采中的运用实践

平顶山市瑞平公司张村矿二1-11080采面最低标高-306.0m,最高水位+90m,承受的最大水压3.96MPa,临界突水系数0.088MPa/m,属带压采面。为保证采面回采过程中不发生突水事故,采面首先进行了地面三维地震勘探、瞬变电法勘探,进而在掘进期间又进行了瞬变电磁及高分辨电法仪联合探测,最后结合突水系数法,圈定了采面突水异常区。在生产期间,通过完善排水系统、重点区域的注浆改造,最终实现了采面的带压开采。结果表明,采面涌水量小于5m3/h,采出原煤78万t,经济效益和社会效益显著。     

THE GROUNDWATER RESOURCES AND ITSSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTIN THE SOUTH EDGE OF TARIM BASIN

1 INTRODUCTIONSustainability as present understand comes fromword protection strategy commission, which firstly putforward some wide excepted environmental sustainability principles and three important identifications forlife support system: soil, air and water. Then, in thereport of Our Common Future (WCED, 1987), theconcept of sustainable development is put to an outstanding level. Sustainable groundwater resources development is then a great issue in the recent years andthe future (…     

国家地震灾情调查系统探讨

本文论述了我国目前地震灾情调查的现状以及地震应急所存在的问题,通过剖析这些问题,提出了我国地震灾情调查系统的框架设计,并详细介绍了国家地震安全社会服务工程项目中已实现的地震灾情调查系统.同时,考虑到新型技术发展所带来的机遇,对国家地震灾情调查平台的手段进行了更深入的拓展讨论.     

建筑物防雷的分类与安全距离

通过对建筑物及建筑物防雷的分类特征进行分析,提出了防雷装置对被保护建筑物之间安全距离计算方法与相应措施。     

Groundwater Flow Simulation and its Application in Groundwater Resource Evaluation in the North China Plain,China

The purpose of this study is to establish a 3D groundwater flow modelling for evaluating groundwater resources of the North China Plain.First,the North China Plain was divided into three aquifers vertically through a characterization of hydrogeological conditions.Groundwater model software GMS was used for modeling to divide the area of simulation into a regular network of 164 rows and 148 lines.This model was verified through fitting of the observed and the simulated groundwater flow fields at deep and shallow layers and comparison between the observed and simulated hydrographs at 64 typical observation wells.Furthermore,water budget analysis was also performed during the simulation period(2002-2003).Results of the established groundwater flow model showed that the average annual groundwater recharge of the North China Plain during 1991 to 2003 was 256.68×10~8 m~3/yr with safe yield of groundwater resources up to 213.49×10~8 m~3/yr,in which safe yield of shallow groundwater and that of deep groundwater was up to 191.65×10~8 m~3/yr and 22.64×10~8 m~3/yr respectively.Finally,this model was integrated with proposal for groundwater withdrawal in the study area after commencement of water supply by South-North Water Transfer Project,aiming to predict the changing trend of groundwater regime.As indicated by prediction results,South-North Water Transfer Project,which is favorable for effective control of expansion and intensification of existing depression cone,would play a positive role in alleviation of short supply of groundwater in the North China Plain as well as maintenance and protection of groundwater.     

基于岩体流变性的矿井防突岩柱临界安全厚度计算方法

矿井巷道在穿越含瓦斯断层或揭煤掘进过程中常常遇到前方岩柱保护厚度与延期突出问题。为了探索岩柱防突厚 度与时间的非线性耦合关系,应用RLW-2000型岩石三轴流变仪,对含煤岩系中的砂质泥岩、砂岩和泥岩进行了分级加载条件下的单轴压缩蠕变试验。通过对经典流变组合模型的分析及Matlab最小二乘迭代法的拟合,建立了改进的的七元件非线性黏弹塑性本构模型,并建立了基于岩体流变性的岩柱临界安全厚度的计算模型。豫西大平煤矿实例计算表明,埋深612 m的泥岩巷道,防突岩柱使用年限在10、20、30 a时相应的保护厚度分别为8.73、23.56、39.41 m;理论安全岩柱厚度与该矿“10 ? 20”瓦斯突出案例较为吻合,计算模型对同类工程具有一定的借鉴意义。     

近40年温州双季晚稻安全齐穗期变化

依据温州全市各县(市)气象站自建站以来的逐日日平均气温,分别计算了各站的逐年22℃稳定通过终日,分析了各站该日期的变化特点,确定其变化趋势。运用SPSS(Statistical Product and Service Solution)软件对各站的变化进行显著性检验,判断其变化是由于样本的抽样误差造成还是总体的期望值确实发生了变化。基于温州各站历年的22℃稳定通过终日变化特点,分两个时间段进行讨论,分别计算具有显著性变化站点1990年前后两段时期内的80%保证率22℃稳定通过终日,以此为依据确定当地双季晚稻安全齐穗期的变化,进而计算双季晚稻安全齐穗期的可推迟天数,提出播种期安排建议,从而为更好地利用气候资源,提高当地农田利用效率提供客观依据。