浅谈VirtuoZo和MapMatrix在3D产品中的应用

主要论述了数字摄影测量系统MapMatrix和VirtuoZo的一些异同点。     

Backscattering of individual LiDAR pulses from forest canopies explained by photogrammetrically derived vegetation structure

In recent years, airborne LiDAR sensors have shown remarkable performance in the mapping of forest vegetation. This experimental study looks at LiDAR data at the scale of individual pulses to elucidate the sources behind interpulse variation in backscattering. Close-range photogrammetry was used for obtaining the canopy reference measurements at the ratio scale. The experiments illustrated different orientation techniques in the field, LiDAR acquisitions and photogrammetry in both leaf-on and leaf-off conditions, and two-waveform recording LiDAR sensors. The intrafootprint branch silhouettes in zenith-looking images, in which the camera, footprint, and LiDAR sensor were collinear, were extracted and contrasted with LiDAR backscattering. An enhanced planimetric match (refinement of strip matching) was achieved by shifting the pulses in a strip and searching for the maximal correlation between the silhouette and LiDAR intensity. The relative silhouette explained up to 80–90% of the interpulse variation. We tested whether accounting for the Gaussian spread of intrafootprint irradiance would improve the correlations, but the effect was blurred by small-scale geometric noise. Accounting for receiver gain variations in the Leica ALS60 sensor data strengthened the dependences. The size of the vegetation objects required for triggering a LiDAR observation was analyzed. We demonstrated the use of LiDAR pulses adjacent to canopy vegetation, which did not trigger a canopy echo, for canopy mapping. Pulses not triggering an echo constitute the complement to the actual canopy. We conclude that field photogrammetry is a useful tool for mapping forest canopies from below and that quantitative analysis is feasible even at the scale of single pulses for enhanced understanding of LiDAR observations from vegetation.     

智能RTK GNSS接收机的关键技术研究

在传统GPS-RTK GNSS接收机基础上研究以嵌入式Linux为操作系统,兼容CDMA 3G数据链的智能RTK GNSS接收机的关键技术及创新性.智能型RTK GNSS接收机采用当前最成熟的3G技术,配合Linux系统强大的网络功能,不仅可以高效传输差分数据,还可以完成远程数据采集、图形显示、数据下载上传等功能.可以预见,智能RTK GNSS接收机在现代测量作业中将拥有一个无限开阔的市场前景和潜在效益.     

一种提高大比例尺航测精度的方法试验研究

针对现有规范关于1∶500与1∶1000平坦地形测图必须采用全野外高程控制测量的规定,本文的试验采用装载组合宽角相机的无人飞艇低空航测系统,通过空中三角测量内业方法,突破了此技术限制。文中详述了三个试验测区的地理状况,以及采用的控制网布设方法,尤其是新设计的标志点之优点。成果表明,用航测内业加密方法所成图的高程和平面精度均超过现有规范标准。说明利用无人飞艇低空航测系统可以实现1∶500和1∶1000测图的全部航测任务,符合"允许采用新技术以更高质量的成果突破现有规范限制"的规定。     

多基线数字近景摄影平面地表测量可行性研究

以非量测性的数码相机高精度几何标定技术和多基线数字近景摄影测量技术为基础,本文设计出用于平面地表测量的可靠方法,经过理论研究和实验分析,验证了近景摄影测量用于平面地表测量的精度和可行性,为平面地表的地面近景摄影测量提供了便捷、可靠的途径,并为地面变形监测提供了有价值的参考方案。     

System structure and calibration models of intelligent photogrammetron

This paper describes the structure, geometric model and geometric calibration of Photogrammetron I—the first type of photogrammetron which is designed to be a coherent stereo photogrammetric system in which two cameras are mounted on a physical base but driven by an intelligent agent architecture. The system calibration is divided into two parts: the in-lab calibration determines the fixed parameters in advance of system operation, and the in-situ calibration keeps tracking the free parameters in real-time during the system operation. In a video surveillance set-up, prepared control points are tracked in stereo image sequences, so that the free parameters of the system can be continuously updated through iterative bundle adjustment and Kalman filtering.     

双介质摄影测量共线理论研究

从摄影光学理论出发,推导摄影物镜成像系统的基点位置公式;利用针孔成像模型,分析得出摄影物镜的投影中心即为成像系统两节点的等效;简要阐述双介质摄影测量的传统观点,利用同一摄影物镜在不同介质中构成的光学系统,说明双介质摄影测量成像系统基点位置相对单介质时发生变化,并在此基础上提出与传统观点不同的看法——双介质摄影测量共线理...     

智能遥感卫星系统

：分析了当前遥感卫星系统存在的一些不足,论述了新一代“智能遥感卫星系统”的概念及其主要特点,对其 中自适应遥感成像和星上数据实时处理两个核心部分进行重点介绍,并对其涉及的关键科学问题和关键技术进行阐 述。设计了一套具有自适应成像和应用模式优化能力的智能高光谱卫星有效载荷系统。该系统由用于区域背景信息获 取的前视预判遥感器、用于地表详细观测的主遥感器以及星上数据实时处理和分析3部分组成。对智能高光谱卫星的工 作原理和流程进行介绍,并呼吁中国尽快围绕智能遥感卫星系统开展一些前沿性的科学理论和关键技术研究,以实现 中国在卫星遥感领域的跨越式发展。     

一种基于直线特征的影像外方位元素解算理论与方法

与点特征相比,影像上的线特征,特别是直线特征,具有识别相对容易、使用灵活等优点,因此对直线摄影测量的研究已成为目前摄影测量的一个重要研究方向。依据空间直线在航空影像上的投影仍然是直线,并结合共线条件方程,通过线性化,推导了基于直线特征计算像片外方位元素的误差方程;并且给出了计算过程。最后,通过实验验证了基于线特征计算像片外方位元素理论与方法的可行性和可靠性。同其他方法相比,该方法具有易于理解、便于计算、实用性强、易于实现影像自动外部定向等特点。     

一种浅水摄影测量水下相机的防护装置

本文为摄影机和目标物均在水中的水下摄影测量设计了一种适用于浅水的水下摄影测量相机防护装置,并详细介绍了该装置的结构组成、安装和卸载步骤以及该装置的特点和使用注意事项,最后用本文研制的相机水下防护装置对一小天线进行水下试验,实验结果与空气中测量的结果高度一致.