On integrated urban and rural development

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Cities and the countryside have long been an inseparable organic whole. China’s new model of high-quality urbanization requires integrated urban and rural...     

Applying a fish expert system for ranking the biological effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the rockfish Sebastiscus marmoratus in the Maowei Sea,China

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution, particularly in coastal environments, is a global concern. In this study, the biomonitoring and ranking effects of PAHs in the rockfish Sebastiscus marmoratus were determined in the Maowei Sea, China. The results showed that the concentrations of the 16 priority PAHs detected in the surface seawater were moderate compared with those in other coastal areas worldwide, and the possible sources were rapid industrialization and urbanization combined with atmospheric deposition and runoff. Nested analysis of variance (ANOVA) suggested significant differences in the hepatic ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activities and phenanthrene-derived metabolites in bile between the port area and the oyster farming area. The fish expert system (FES) was applied to evaluate the biological effects of PAHs on fish. The FES data demonstrated that the biological effect levels of Site S1 (level III, medium stress) were higher than those of the other sampling sites (level II, low stress).     

痛风肾泰方加减治疗湿热血瘀型早期痛风性肾病30例

目的：观察痛风肾泰方加减联合别嘌醇治疗湿热血瘀型早期痛风性肾病的临床疗效。方法：将湿热血瘀型早期痛风性肾病患者60 例随机分为2组,每组各30 例。对照组采用西医常规治疗,治疗组在此基础上加用痛风肾泰方加减治疗。疗程均为12周。观察2组的综合疗效、中医证候积分、舌脉及实验室指标［血尿酸（UA）、尿N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）、尿微量白蛋白（mALB）、白细胞（WBC）、血红蛋白（HGB）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）］的变化。结果：总有效率治疗组为93.3%（28/30）,对照组为73.3%（22/30）,2组比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。2组中医证候积分、UA、mALB治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,治疗组NAG治疗前后组内比较及治疗后与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05或P<0.01）。结论：痛风肾泰方加减联合别嘌醇治疗湿热血瘀型早期痛风性肾病患者安全有效。     

Watersheds dynamics following wildfires: Nonlinear feedbacks and implications on hydrologic responses

In recent years, wildfires in the western United States have occurred with increasing frequency and scale. Climate change scenarios in California predict prolonged periods of droughts with even greater potential for conditions amenable to wildfires. The Sierra Nevada Mountains provide 70% of water resources in California, yet how wildfires will impact watershed-scale hydrology is highly uncertain. In this work, we assess the impacts of wildfires perturbations on watershed hydrodynamics using a physically based integrated hydrologic model in a high-performance-computing framework. A representative Californian watershed, the Cosumnes River, is used to demonstrate how postwildfire conditions impact the water and energy balance. Results from the high-resolution model show counterintuitive feedbacks that occur following a wildfire and allow us to identify the regions most sensitive to wildfires conditions, as well as the hydrologic processes that are most affected. For example, whereas evapotranspiration generally decreases in the postfire simulations, some regions experience an increase due to changes in surface water run-off patterns in and near burn scars. Postfire conditions also yield greater winter snowpack and subsequently greater summer run-off as well as groundwater storage in the postfire simulations. Comparisons between dry and wet water years show that climate is the main factor controlling the timing at which some hydrologic processes occur (such as snow accumulation) whereas postwildfire changes to other metrics (such as streamflow) show seasonally dependent impacts primarily due to the timing of snowmelt, illustrative of the integrative nature of hydrologic processes across the Sierra Nevada-Central Valley interface.     

AN ASSESSMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPING CAPABILITY OF INTEGRATED AGRICULTURAL REGIONALIZATION IN CHINA

Based on the provincial units evaluation,this paper makes an assessment for sustainable developing capability of the integrated agricultural regionalization in China.At first ,an index system of agricultural sustainable development in China is built up,which includes 5 supporting subsystems of agricultural resources,agricultural develop-ment ,environment and ecosystem,rural society,sciences-esucation and management.We selected 95 factors on provin-cial level as basic indexes.Second,a relative assets/debt assessing method is used to gain relative net assets values (relative superiority) of every provincial unit,which are as supporting data for assessment.We also overlaid the Administra-tive Divisions Map of China and the Map of Integrated Agricultural Regionalization of China by Geography Information Sys-tem(GIS) to gain the area units of assessment.Third,according to the relative coherence principle of regionalization,we transform administration units to natural units through homogenizing all provincial relative net assets values in every agricultural assessing unit.After making order and grade,we complete the sustainable developing capability assessment to integrated agricultural regionalization in China.The assessing outcome shows that the total sustainable agricultural devdelop-ing capability of China is not high.Only about 1/3 in number or in area has reached the level of agricultural sustainable development.The relative net assets values exists a reducing trend from East China to West China.It needs a long period and great efforts to realize sustainable agricultural development over all China.Finally,there is a discussion to the study method.     

矿床成矿系列综合信息预测理论方法及其应用

矿产资源是人类生存发展的物质基础。迄今我国科学家已经发现173个矿种, 形成了大量的地质资料与科研成果。本文在全国潜力评价工作的基础上, 总结形成了矿床成矿系列综合信息预测理论方法体系, 该体系以矿床成矿系列、成矿分析、综合信息矿产预测理论为基础, 以区域综合信息编图、综合信息预测模型构建及矿产资源定量预测为主要内容, 通过构建地质空间数据库、圈定矿预测类型和工作区、编制专题预测底图-综合信息预测要素图、建立综合信息预测模型, 进而进行矿产资源的定位-定量预测, 开展矿产资源的潜力评价研究。最后本文以熊耳山金矿为例, 运用该理论方法开展区域矿产资源定量预测, 为矿产资源预测提供参考意义。     

基于位移的RC框架结构与附加消能减震装置一体化设计

消能减震结构中主体结构和附加消能减震装置通常是单独设计的,由于主体结构和附加消能减震装置之间的耦合特性,为实现期望的性能目标需要进行迭代计算。本文提出一种基于位移的主体结构与附加消能减震装置一体化设计方法,首先,基于所选地震动记录和预期性能目标,得出结构阻尼比需求曲面;其次,推导了阻尼器-支撑部件参数计算公式,在已知主体结构基本信息及预期性能目标时,根据阻尼比需求曲面及所提出公式即可获得所需附加消能减震装置的支撑刚度及粘滞系数;再次,引入无量纲成本指数,以成本指数最小为目标函数,在可实现目标性能的附加消能减震装置参数中识别最优设计参数;最后,基于所提出的设计方法,分别以等效SDOF体系、MDOF体系及SAP2000设计的6层RC框架结构为例,对所提出的设计方法的有效性进行了验证,结果表明:经一体化设计的结构体系均可实现性能目标。     

地上地下工程建设地质环境适宜性一体化评价——以连云港城市规划区为例

工程建设地质环境适宜性评价是国土空间规划编制的基础。以江苏连云港城市规划区为例,探索地上地下工程建设适宜性一体化评价指标体系和方法。一体化评价是一个空间综合决策问题,涉及多个层次多种因素。借鉴经济领域的负面清单模式,基于自然因素的负面清单建立一体化评价指标体系。一体化评价地上和地下评价指标差异性较为明显,地上评价考虑地形坡度、地基承载力、桩基埋深等11因素,而地下空间评价则不考虑地形坡度、桩基埋深等因素。基于层次分析法与熵权系数法的综合评价方法来确定评价指标的权重,采用GIS平台采用多目标线性加权函数模型进行了工程建设一体化分区评价。评价结果显示：工程建设适宜性好区和较好区分布广泛,占比73.94%～93.22%。随着竖向深度增加,地下空间开发地质适宜性好的区域面积显著增加。地上空间适宜性主要受软土、腐蚀性土及地质灾害影响。浅层(0～15 m)地下空间开发地质适宜性主要受浅埋厚层软土的影响,地下空间开发面临软土变形的风险。次浅层(15～30 m)与次深层(30～50 m)地下空间开发地质适宜性主要受砂层涌水量和岩土结合面的影响。从评价结果看,地下空间工程建设适宜性优于地上,建议地下空间...     

山东省五莲七宝山地区成矿模式与找矿勘查模型——来自综合物化探的认识

山东省胶莱盆地南缘发现了多处火山机构,随着五莲七宝山角砾岩筒型铜金多金属矿的发现,说明胶莱盆地南缘具有良好的成矿前景。但从目前发现的矿床来看,无论是数量还是规模均与成矿条件不匹配,亟需总结该区成矿模式和勘查模型,为胶莱盆地南缘铜多金属矿勘查提供找矿方向及方法。本文以七宝山矿床为解剖对象,开展了地球物理和地球化学综合探测。研究发现七宝山杂岩体对应高磁异常,隐爆角砾岩筒的γ能谱显示U元素、Th元素和能谱总量∑均为低异常,隐爆角砾岩筒在重力剖面上呈重力高异常。地球化学特征为以Ag、Pb、Au、Cu?元素异常为主,各元素异常套合好,主要元素具有明显的二、三级分带。以上物化探特征均是成矿作用特征标志。在此基础上,归纳了矿床成矿作用特征标志,给出了七宝山地区成矿模式,建立了综合找矿勘查模型,成功预测了隐爆角砾岩筒深部延伸特征,建立了七宝山地区陆相火山热液型矿床成矿模式和找矿勘查模型。     

多模态传感器系统在河槽边坡地貌测量中的应用

河槽边坡地形的观测是河流边坡侵蚀和稳定性研究的基础。2016年洪季,利用三维激光扫描仪、多波束测深系统、RTK、差分GPS等仪器组成的多模态传感器系统,对长江下游铜陵段窝崩边坡和马鞍山段侵蚀型河漫滩边坡进行了联合地貌测量,对边坡陆上、水下高精度三维地形点云数据进行了融合研究,成功实现了边坡陆上水下三维地形的一体化和可视化。结果表明,多模态联合测量手段及三维点云融合方法能够获取较高分辨率的河流边坡陆上与水下一体化三维地貌模型,利用该模型可对边坡整体地貌特征进行定量计算分析,实现对河流险段的监测与稳定性评估,具有一定的工程意义。