地基伪卫星单历元三频组合逐级模糊度解算方法

为解决地基定位系统因基站固定导致几何多样性差,难以使用LAMBDA求解整周模糊度的问题.利用自差分双向时间同步原理,将双向观测值构建出消除钟差的公式.消去了时间误差的特性,将其作为双差测量值的替代,与三频模糊度解算(TCAR)算法相结合求解整周模糊度.在伪卫星平台的实验结果表明,能够实现快速单历元整周模糊度解算.     

一种无须变换参考星的GNSS单基线卡尔曼滤波算法

处理单基线全球导航卫星系统观测数据可获取位置、时间、大气延迟等信息,其应用包括相对定位、时频传递等。为实现实时性,常采用卡尔曼滤波递归地估计各类参数;为确保可靠性,还需形成一组独立的双差模糊度,并将其正确地固定为整数。实践中,滤波函数模型较常采用双差观测方程(即双差滤波模型)。若在当前历元原先的参考星不再可视时,双差滤波模型则需要定义新的参考星,并"映射"双差模糊度预报值以确保滤波连续。此外,双差滤波模型所计算的接收机相位钟差估值吸收了对应于参考星的站间单差模糊度,因此当参考星变换后可能会发生"整周跳跃"。在仍将双差模糊度作为一类可估参数的前提下,本文推导出以站间单差观测方程为滤波函数模型的算法(单差滤波模型),并证明了其与双差滤波模型具备理论上的等价性和实施上的差异性。与双差滤波模型相比,单差滤波模型不再需要"映射"双差模糊度预报值等运算,从而具备了更高的计算效率和灵活性;单差滤波模型所提供的接收机相位钟差估值也不受"整周跳跃"的影响,因此特别有利于频率传递应用。     

改进的整周模糊度搜索算法

针对现有模糊度搜索方法仍不能很好地满足快速定位需求的问题,该文在简要介绍解决最近向量问题的搜索算法基础上,将M-VB搜索算法引入到模糊度的解算中,并对其作了两方面改进。一是优化了该算法执行过程中更新上界的问题,二是提出借助序贯最小二乘平差(Bootstrapped)估计值来确定其搜索空间半径的方法。基于仿真数据和实测GPS数据,分别在降相关和不降相关条件下,将上述改进方法与最小二乘降相关平差(LAMBDA)方法和其修正方法(MLAMBDA)作了对比分析。结果表明,改进的M-VB算法比其他2种方法能更快地固定整数向量,有效地提高了模糊度搜索效率。     

降相关对模糊度解算中搜索效率的影响分析

首先理论分析了条件数、正交缺陷度、S(A)等降相关评价指标所表示的几何意义,然后采用LAMBDA算法、LLL规约算法和Seysen规约算法通过模拟和实际数据对模糊度的搜索效果和不同评价指标之间的关系进行了深入计算分析。进一步验证得出"降低模糊度方差分量间的相关性实现最大程度地压缩椭球可以提高搜索效率"的观点是片面的,并通过结果分析表明提高搜索效率的本质在于尽可能地促使基向量按照一定方向排序。     

GNSS双差定姿模型的精化

把GNSS双差定姿模型推广到km级短基线精密解算。指出常用的GNSS双差定姿模型存在几何上的系统偏差,该系统偏差严重影响km级基线的精密定位解算。提出了修正该系统偏差的方法,并把修正量加入定位模型,提高了模型的精确程度。采用两组实验数据分别对修正前和修正后的模型进行比较,验证了改进效果。     

用遗传算法搜索GPS单频单历元整周模糊度

介绍了短基线利用单频单历元双差载波相位定位时模糊度固定的基本理论，探讨了利用遗传算法快速搜索GPS单频单历元整周模糊度的一些理论和实现的方法．提出了用改进的正则化方法改善浮动解来提高搜索成功率的新思路。算例分析表明，在一定的条件下．应用遗传算法搜索整周模糊度成功率高、稳键性较好。     

遗传算法解算GPS短基线整周模糊度的编码方法研究

将遗传算法（GA）应用于GPS短基线模糊度解算过程，实现了二进制编码和实数编码方法，并对这两种编码方法在实际计算过程中的实现效率和复杂度进行了分析比较。针对双差模糊度的整数特性，笔者在实数编码内取整后再生成个体进行算子操作。试验结果表明，经过修改的实数编码遗传算法可以取得比二进制编码更高的可靠性和成功率，是更适于双差模糊度搜索采用的编码方法。     

Web GIS中文查询语句的词义理解算法研究

针对Web GIS中文查询语句中词义的多义性给查询语句的正确理解带来的困难,在系统语料库的基础上设计了能解决该问题的算法,提出了句子链栈的存储结构。测试结果证明了该算法能达到9 5%的正确率,为语义分析子系统能正确地提取查询目标、查询条件、分组信息和排序信息提供了有效的词义信息。     

The absolute positioning of spaceborne INSAR data using the integer ambiguity method

In this paper, the capability of the integer ambiguity method to find the absolute position of InSAR data is demonstrated. A radargrammetric model is used for the space triangulation. The method is demonstrated using ERS data of the Thames region and the results are compared to GPS measurements and a digital elevation model. The GPS stations, not visible in the image, are located on the InSAR data using a simple range-Doppler algorithm and an analysis of their positions is undertaken. The results are consistent with other methods but with the advantage that the radargrammetric model is very simple. The results also highlight the problems of integrating GPS data with InSAR data in urban areas where a GPS station may not be representative of the dominant scatterers within a resolution cell, and they suggest methods that might be applied in future to reduce this problem. The model should help the integration of InSAR data with other geometric survey data.     

A systematic investigation of optimal carrier-phase combinations for modernized triple-frequency GPS

The upcoming modernization of the GPS signals will allow for measurements on an additional third frequency L5 located at 1176.45 MHz. To take advantage of carrier-phase measurements on this new signal, the strategies for integer ambiguity resolution, required for centimeter-level accuracy, may need to be revised. The Least-squares Ambiguity Decorrelation Adjustment method remains perhaps the most powerful tool for finding the best combinations based on a complete decorrelation of the variance–covariance matrix related to the ambiguities. However, the computational load of that method plus the opportunity to comprehensively study the interaction of multiple frequencies suggest a reconsideration of approaches using predefined combinations between frequencies is not out of place. In this paper a systematic investigation is made of all possible triple-frequency geometry-free carrier-phase combinations which retain the integer nature of the ambiguities. The concept of the lane-number is presented to unambiguously describe the wavelength of a particular combination. The propagation of the observation noise and of the ionospheric bias on these combinations is presented. These noise and ionospheric amplification factors are analysed with respect to the resulting wavelength, in an effort to highlight optimal combinations characterized by a long wavelength, low noise and limited ionospheric impact.