位置线及其定位导航软件系统

本文对位置线的基本理论和应用进行了较系统的研究,对一些理论问题的深化和系统化做了有成效的工作;并结合军事和新技术,探讨了位置线理论在电子地图定位导航软件系统中的应用问题,编制了内容丰富的软件(包括:基础计算软件、地图投影变换软件、专题数学要素软件、无线电定位导航软件、GPS定位导航软件),成为《位置线定位导航软件系统》的重要组成部分。     

Tunable diode laser measurements of trace gases during the 1988 Polarstern cruise and intercomparisons with other methods

Measurements of NO₂, HCHO, and H₂O₂ were made by the highly specific method of mid infra-red absorption spectroscopy using tunable diode lasers (TDLAS) during the 1988 Polarstern expedition. The TDLAS data are compared to those obtained during the cruise using less direct methods. Southern Hemisphere NO₂ levels suggest nett photochemical destruction of O₃ in the boundary layer. Northern Hemisphere HCHO averaged 0.47±0.2 ppbv; the HCHO measurements are used in a simple calculation to estimate OH noontime maxima of 3–6×10⁶ cm^-3.     

澜沧—耿马地震前后的地温异常变化

本文初次用近几年来站定点探测到的恒温层以下不同深度的地热随时间的变化资料,揭示澜沧—耿马7.6级大震前后地热的短、临异常特征,并对异常机制进行初步探讨。     

北斗和遥感技术在特高压交流输变电工程地质灾害预警中的应用研究

本文研究了基于我国北斗卫星导航系统和高分遥感技术进行特高交流输变电施工中地质灾害预警的理论和方法,该方法还将北斗卫星导航技术、遥感技术与特高压施工区的地质、气候、环境等多重因素相综合,形成了一套针对特高压交流输变电工程的地质灾害预警与防范机制,并开发手机APP预警信息发布功能。锡盟~山东特高压交流输变电工程施工实践证明,本文的理论技术方法是科学和实用的。     

地铁地网反向法测试接地阻抗研究

接地阻抗是地铁地网测试的重要内容之一。在实际工作中很少使用反向法测试接地阻抗。对石家庄地铁1号线南村站地网进行了反向法实地测试试验,分析了试验数据,并与直线补偿法的试验结果进行了比较。试验结果表明,在土壤电阻率相对均匀的情况下,反向法能有效降低电流线和电位线线间互感因素的影响,但是测试得到的总体的接地阻抗数值偏小。其结果可以作为接地网测量结果的下限值,如果其他方法测试的结果小于反向法测量结果,则可认定其他的测量存在一定的错误;如果反向布置的电位极和电流极间的距离相当大,则可以用此法得到被测接地装置的真实接地阻抗;如果允许接地阻抗测试结果的误差在一定范围内,通过合理布设电流线和电位线的长度,可以把反向法作为地铁地网接地阻抗的测试方法。     

Appropriate Sampling for Optimised Measurement (ASOM), rather than the Theory of Sampling (TOS) Approach,to Ensure Suitable Measurement Quality: A Refutation of Esbensen and Wagner (2014)

The ‘Appropriate Sampling for Optimised Measurement’ (ASOM) approach considers measurement to be the focus of the sampling process, and sampling to be only the first part of the measurement process. To achieve ASOM, the uncertainty of measurements, including its contribution from sampling, needs to be estimated and optimised in order to achieve fitness‐for‐purpose. Such samples are then ‘sufficiently’ representative. The ‘Theory of Sampling’ (TOS) focuses on the processes of primary sampling and sample preparation and assumes that samples are ‘representative’ if they are correctly prepared by nominally ‘correct’ protocols. It defines around ten sampling ‘errors’, which are either modelled or minimised to improve sampling quality. It is argued that the ASOM approach is more effective in achieving appropriate measurement quality than in applying TOS to just the first part of the measurement process. The comparison is made less effective by the different objectives, scopes, terminology and assumptions of the two approaches. ASOM can be applied to in situ materials that are too variable to be modelled accurately, or where sources of uncertainty are unsuspected. The proposed integration of ASOM with TOS (Esbensen and Wagner 2014, Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 57, 93–106) is therefore effectively impossible. However, some TOS procedures can be useful within the ASOM approach.     

Research Progress on Electrical Properties and Conductivity Measurement Technology of Ice Core

Ice core is an important object of the global climate change research, and can extract paleoclimate information by physical and chemical methods. As one of the major physical analysis technology, conductivity measurement technology mainly contains two methods and has been applied to many drilling project. The technology reflects the ice core electrical properties influenced by factors such as temperature, pressure, impurities and changes, and the cause of these changes can be explained from the aspects of macroscopic and microscopic. What obtained from measurement can be used to the research of dating, volcanic events, accumulation rate, biomass burning, ion concentration recovery, which systematically help us to understand the quaternary evolution of Antarctic climate since late pleistocene. This paper summarized in detail the main research achievements on electrical properties and dielectric measurement technology of ice core, and also discussed the prospect of the technology in China deep ice core project further.     

基于烃汞测量和矿山三维模型的找矿预测——以河南灵宝市杨砦峪金矿为例

杨砦峪金矿是典型的石英脉型金矿。本文在分析杨砦峪金矿烃类组分异常场特征和矿山三维模型特征的基础上,总结了其找矿评价标准和成矿地质要素,并对其进行了深部找矿预测,结果发现,烃气测量和矿山三围模型的预测结果具有较好的吻合性,该金矿8~10线的730中段深部还具有较大的找矿潜力。     

基于误差理论的产状测量精度评定

以边坡为研究对象,针对基于罗盘、免棱镜全站仪、激光测距仪、三维激光扫描仪和数字摄影测量工作站的5种产状测量方法,采用误差理论进行产状测量精度评定。研究表明,罗盘产状测量的倾向、倾角中误差分别为±4°和±3°,其精度评定既可以提高对罗盘产状测量精度的认识,也可为其他4种非接触类产状测量方法的精度评定提供验算数据。利用罗盘只能进行高陡边坡下部结构面的产状测量,测量范围有限且高耗低效;非接触类产状测量方法则可以解决人员难以到达的高陡边坡上部结构面的产状测量问题。其中,三维激光扫描和数字近景摄影测量方法可以获取边坡岩体大量随机结构面上的产状信息,为基于随机动力学的边坡稳定性评价提供重要的基础数据。