基于读出条读出的二维位置灵敏气体电子倍增器的研制

为研发能够满足北京同步辐射(BSRF)实验要求的二维探测器,研制了基于读出条读出的二维位置灵敏X射线气体电子倍增器(GEM).实验过程中通过改进读出条的周期,并基于中科院高能所实验物理中心电子学组研制的多路电荷放大器系统与VME存储-ADC系统,对软X射线源的位置分辨率进行了精密测量且得到了优异的二维位置分辨:X方向约为84 μm,Y方向约为75 μm.研究了三级GEM压差之和对位置分辨的影响,并测试了探测器的位置准确度与线性.对基于阳极读出的GEM用于模拟读出测试系统得到了一定的理论认识,侧重研究了GE     

Inexact Newton methods and the method of lines for solving Richards' equation in two space dimensions

Richards' equation (RE) is often used to model flow in unsaturated porous media. This model captures physical effects, such as sharp fronts in fluid pressures and saturations, which are present in more complex models of multiphase flow. The numerical solution of RE is difficult not only because of these physical effects but also because of the mathematical problems that arise in dealing with the nonlinearities. The method of lines has been shown to be very effective for solving RE in one space dimension. When solving RE in two space dimensions, direct methods for solving the linearized problem for the Newton step are impractical. In this work, we show how the method of lines and Newton-iterative methods, which solve linear equations with iterative methods, can be applied to RE in two space dimensions. We present theoretical results on convergence and use that theory to design an adaptive method for computation of the linear tolerance. Numerical results show the method to be effective and robust compared with an existing approach.     

遥感反演中约束最优化方法的拓展

遥感反演大多是典型的约束是最优化问题。本文对现有的约束最优化方法在遥感反演中的适用性进行了分析，从提高反演速度有降低优化方法病态特性两个方面考虑，提出了罚矩阵的概念，对约束优化方法中的乘子法进行了拓展，并进行了理论证明。经过大量的模拟反演实验表明，拓展后的乘子法的反演速度提高了大约30％，病态程度也得到了进一步的改善。     

基于增强现实技术的纸质地图增强表达与交互

近年来随着计算机技术的发展,特别是增强现实技术的出现,使纸质地图的“增强”表达和交互分析成为可能。文章探讨了基于增强现实技术的纸质地图增强表达与交互分析流程方法,认为纸质地图增强表达和交互功能的关键技术在于：纸质地图标识的计算机识别,增强地图的空间匹配方法,增强地图的显示和交互方法;同时通过实验研发了原型系统并予以实现。利用增强现实技术扩展了纸质地图的可视化表达方法,把丰富的地理信息和纸质地图结合起来,打破了传统地图可视化的静态表现形式,提供了丰富的人机交互方式,能增强人对地理信息的多维动态感知能力,也增强补充了地图对现实世界的描述。     

地震叠前逆时偏移中的去噪与存储

地震叠前逆时偏移是当前公认的地震成像的有效途径,然而它面临着计算量甚巨,低频成像噪音以及存储量大等问题,因此,业内科研工作者对其研究乐此不疲.借助GPU/CPU协同计算可以有效解决计算量的难点,笔者已在另文中阐述,本文着重探讨成像噪音抑制以及存储问题.文中分析了叠前逆时偏移产生成像噪音的机制,据此提出在叠前地震资料中先对数据进行相位与振幅校正,进而在成像后运用拉普拉斯算子滤波法消除成像噪音,从而有效去除成像所产生的低频噪音;针对存储量,采用随机边界,用计算换存储,并借助GPU实现,节省了GPU与CPU之间的数据通讯,数值实验结果表明,采用随机边界方法的逆时偏移结果与直接存储波场的方法得到的结果差别甚小.     

反插值法实现地球物理数据快速网格化

本文借鉴反演理论，采用反插值法实现地球物理数据的快速网格化.首先由已知点与未知网格点的反距离拓扑关系建立反演方程，用已知点值直接计算出其所在网格的未知网格点值，再利用Laplacian算子滤波，使得模型光滑，且能量最小化.利用预条件共轭梯度法求解网格化方程组，并结合螺旋坐标系思想和Wilson\|Burg谱分解法，将二维数据的滤波处理转换到一维空间进行处理，实现二维数据快速滤波.另外，引入了阻尼约束，保证求解稳定、迭代收敛.最后，应用该方法对合成数据和实际资料进行了试验.     

增强现实技术在城市规划中的应用

概述了增强现实技术的原理及特点,分析比较了基于ARToolkit的增强现实系统所需的几种硬件设备,解释了该系统中各种局部坐标系的设定及相互之间的转换关系,介绍了识别标记的制作过程,最后展示了该技术在城市规划中的应用前景。     

Semantic Visual Variables for Augmented Geovisualization

ABSTRACT

The human–cyber–physical world produces a considerable volume of multi-modal spatio-temporal data, thus leading to information overload. Visual variables are used to transform information into visual forms that are perceived by the powerful human vision system. However, previous studies of visual variables focused on methods of ‘drawing information’ without considering ‘intelligence’ derived from balancing ‘importance’ and ‘unimportance’. This paper proposes semantic visual variables to support an augmented geovisualization that aims to avoid exposing users to unnecessary information by highlighting goal-oriented content over redundant details. In this work, we first give definitions of several concepts and then design a semiotic model for depicting the mechanisms of augmented geovisualization. We also provide an in-depth discussion of semantic visual variables based on a hierarchical organization of the original visual variables, and we analyse the critical influencing factors that affect the choice of visualization forms and visual variables. Finally, a typical application is used to illustrate the relevance of this study.     

一类非线性波动方程整体解的不存在性

运用乘子方法和“potential well”方法研究了一类四阶非线性波动方程,证明了当问题的初值满足一定条件时,问题一定不存在整体解。