宁夏产业结构演进与经济增长系统研究

产业结构的演进与升级一定程度上反映了区域经济的发展阶段与发展能力。以1978-2003年的统计数据为基础,系统研究了宁夏产业结构变迁与区域经济发展的关系。研究结果表明:(1)宁夏产业结构的变化符合产业结构变迁的一般规律,但产业结构高度化水平依然低下;(2)宁夏产业结构变迁的空间集聚效应明显;(3)宁夏产业结构演进对经济增长的影响形成产业结构偏离为正,竞争力偏离份额为负型、产业结构偏离为正,竞争力偏离份额为正型和产业结构偏离为负,竞争力偏离份额为正型三种类型;(4)产业结构变迁对各地区经济增长的影响差异较大。研究指出,在西部大开发和区域经济一体化进程中,以及在国家和地区产业政策调整的背景下,建立产业协调与分工合作机制,发展特色优势产业,推进重点地带布局开发,形成区域性“群落型”经济优势,成为新时期宁夏产业结构调整的战略选择。     

Research progress on international rivers in Asia

With the regional population growth, socioeconomic development, more and more attention has been paid to issues on the shared water allocation and the transboundary eco-security conservation during the development of water resources in the international rivers. In this paper, the existing major problems on transboundary waters in different sub-regions of Asia, such as water shortage, transboundary waters pollution, fragile eco-environment are discussed. Then, the key scientific issues to be concerned in the next study progress on the basis of the analyses of the new research directions and focus fields are raised: (1) unpredicted changes of the hydrologic and water system, and their impacts on the allocation of the sharing waters by global changes; (2) models of the international cooperation on the international rivers on the studies of international and national water laws or regulations, policies, the relative experiences and the case studies; (3) quantificational assessment on environmental flow, available water, and the comprehensive functions and values of the international watercourse system; (4) studies on transboundary aquatic bio-diversity maintenance, transboundary pollution supervision and treatment under the rules and principles accepted by the riparian states; (5) issues on transboundary compensation at the rules of “payments for using”, “payments for harm” and “compensation for benefit”; (6) using advanced 3S techniques to promote the integrated watershed development and management; and so on.     

Organizational Dynamics of the U.S. Logistics Industry: An Economic Geography Perspective*

Although the logistics industry provides critical services to all sectors of the economy, few studies exist in economic geography that examine and explain the organizational dynamics of this industry. This article highlights the significance of the logistics industry in contemporary industrialization and argues that an enriched understanding of the interaction between technology and space can be achieved by examining the evolution of an industry that plays a central role in the contemporary economy. We focus on dimensions that are identified as particularly important: organizational, geographic, and risk and security.     

Managing sustainable farmed landscape through 'alternative' food networks: a case study from Italy

This paper focuses on a case study of an 'alternative' food network based in the Abruzzo National Park, Italy, to explore how ideas of sustainable farmland management can be expressed through broader understandings of developing networks of care concerned with local economies and societies, high-quality specialist food products, particular 'traditional' farming practices and livestock breeds, as well as the ecology of a farmed landscape. The scheme allows customers, internationally as well as in Italy, to 'adopt' a milking sheep on a large mountain farm. In return, adopters are sent food products from the farm. The adoption scheme is inter-twined with an agri-tourism project which provides accommodation, runs a restaurant and engages in educational activities. The scheme is the result of the individual initiative of its founder, and is associated with a strongly expressed ethical position concerning the value of sustaining valued local rural landscapes and lifestyles, and the importance of 'reconnecting' urban dwellers with rural areas, farming and 'quality' food production. Yet the localness of the scheme is sustained through wider national and international networks: volunteer and paid workers are drawn from several European countries, funding has been acquired from the EU LEADER programme, and internet and transport technologies are essential in connecting with and supplying an international customer base. The broader economy of care instanced in this case study draws attention to a need to develop strategies for sustainable farmland management constructed around wider programmes of social, economic and cultural, as well as environmental, concern.     

地震地质灾害空间预警评估定量化方法研究初探

建立“发育度”、“潜势度”、“危险度”、“危害度”等概念来描述地震地质灾害各影响因子、要素及可能的灾害危害程度,进而建立构成地震地质灾害层次分析的概念体系及地震地质灾害空间预警评估模型,将定性评估转化为定量评估进行初步研究。     

基于PGNAA技术在线分析系统的应用

近年来,随着核探测与分析技术的日趋成熟,使复杂γ谱的获取、解析达到了在线测量的要求,从而使在线PGNAA(中子活化瞬发γ射线分析)技术获得了飞速的发展。它可对一些工业生产过程中的全物料进行在线测量,其分析精度、可靠性等皆能满足在线元素含量分析的需要,因而显示出巨大的发展潜力和广阔的市场前景。这里介绍了基于PGNAA技术的在线分析系统的基本原理、组成和发展,并概述了它在水泥、煤炭等行业的应用情况。     

时域反射技术在地学研究中的应用

综合介绍了时域反射技术在地学研究中的应用。包括时域反射仪的工作原理、测量参数(特征阻抗、介电常数、土壤含水量、土壤电导率)、时域反射探针技术以及时域反射技术在农业地质、水文地质、灾害地质等研究中的应用与进展。     

领导人才资源开发经营的实践与思考

人才资源是第一资源，谁拥有人才优势，谁就能抢占事业发展的制高点，因此，对人才资源开发与经营的效益要远远大于对其他资源开发的效益。对山西省气象局近几年来领导人才资源开发与经营的实践进行了详细的探讨和总结，指出领导人才资源开发与经营的基础环节是造拔优势年轻人才，中介环节是创新人才选拔机制，关键环节是优化配置人才资源。     

洛带气田蓬莱镇气藏开发部署优化研究

气藏评价尚未结束之前，开发的早期部署工作非常困难。针对洛带气田蓬莱镇组气藏的开发部署工作，利用目前许多新方法对开发层系划分、采气规模、开发规划、合理配产和井网部署等进行了优化研究，对气藏开发提出了指导性意见，且对类似气藏也具有参考意义。     

云南矿业支柱产业建设的重点、难点及对策研究

云南矿业发展现状尤其是磷化工和有色金属等优势资源的调研和分析结果表明，矿业已成为云南工业的主体产业群体，影响云南矿业发展的难点主要是企业规模偏小，产品结构不合理，企业整体经济效益下降，国有企业困难面大，地质勘探投入少，矿山建设落后等，并据此讨论了矿业作为云南省支柱产业发展的思路和重点，提出相应的对策和建议。