一种融合超像素与最小生成树的高分辨率遥感影像分割方法

影像分割是面向对象高分辨率遥感影像分析的基础与关键。针对传统影像分割方法易受噪声影响,且难以确定合适的影像分割尺度的问题,本文提出了一种融合超像素与最小生成树的高分辨率遥感影像分割方法。首先用简单线性迭代聚类算法对影像进行过分割生成超像素;然后初始设定影像分割数,采用区域动态约束聚类算法对超像素进行合并,获得分割数-方差和、分割数-局部方差、分割数-局部方差变化率指标图,依据3个指标图确定合适的影像分割数;最后根据确定的合适影像分割数,采用区域动态约束聚类算法对超像素重新合并得到分割结果。定性对比试验和定量评价结果表明,本文方法可以有效地克服影像噪声对分割结果的影响,获得良好的影像分割结果。     

基于AgisoftPhotoscan的图像三维重建及精度研究

通过普通相机获取图像信息,计算三维空间物体的几何信息,重建和分析物体的基本原理;了解图像处理软件Agisoft Photoscan的工作流程,并设计实验;通过未检校的普通数码相机对某雕塑头像和亭子进行拍摄,使用Agisoft Photoscan软件对图像进行处理,得到三维点云数据,进行物体三维重建,验证三维重建的有效性;通过提取和实测预设对比点的三维坐标值,求取误差,验证在百幅以内的图像建模误差在1cm以内。此方法可应用到表面复杂的异形物体建模中。     

SURF算法在无人机倾斜摄影测量三维建模中的应用

针对无人机倾斜摄影测量影像的特点,采用一种影像特征点自动提取匹配算法,解决影像之间的比例尺不一致、分辨率不一致等问题,实现影像的自动精确匹配,最终构建具有精确地理信息的三维模型。实验结果表明构建的三维模型满足数字城市建设的需求,可为城市基础设施建设提供一种科学可靠的依据。     

兰勃特投影在东西向高速铁路中的应用研究

针对在东西向的高速铁路工程项目建设过程中,现今采用的高斯投影所能控制的范围小,需要建立较多投影带,投影带边缘变形大,各投影带间坐标转换复杂,不利于数据共享等突出问题,本文提出采用兰勃特投影的新方式。首先介绍切、割兰勃特投影的原理和坐标转换方法;其次通过分析高斯投影和兰勃特投影在郑徐高铁项目中的对比应用,得出兰勃特投影更适合东西向高速铁路工程坐标系统建设的结论。对类似线形工程项目具有一定的指导意义。     

“高分二号”卫星在黄土地质灾害解译中的应用研究

黄土高原地区地质灾害多发频发,危害严重,应用亚米级的高分二号(GF-2)卫星影像数据,提取地质灾害信息,并对室内解译结果进行了野外查证。本文提出了以GF-2卫星数据为主要信息源,进行地质灾害解译的技术方案;并以宁夏南部黄土高原区为例,验证了该方法的适用性,为规模化地开展基于国产高分系列卫星的黄土高原地区地质灾害遥感解译提供了可行的技术方案;通过GF-2卫星影像与常用的国内外卫星数据用于地质灾害信息判释的对比研究,认为GF-2卫星影像对于地质灾害信息的识别能够满足地质灾害遥感解译的要求,GF-2卫星影像的应用具有较高的性价比和显著的经济社会效益。     

Road condition assessment by OBIA and feature selection techniques using very high-resolution WorldView-2 imagery

Accurate information on the conditions of road asphalt is necessary for economic development and transportation management. In this study, object-based image analysis (OBIA) rule-sets are proposed based on feature selection technique to extract road asphalt conditions (good and poor) using WorldView-2 (WV-2) satellite data. Different feature selection techniques, including support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF) and chi-square (CHI) are evaluated to indicate the most effective algorithm to identify the best set of OBIA attributes (spatial, spectral, textural and colour). The chi-square algorithm outperformed SVM and RF techniques. The classification result based on CHI algorithm achieved an overall accuracy of 83.19% for the training image (first site). Furthermore, the proposed model was used to examine its performance in different areas; and it achieved accuracy levels of 83.44, 87.80 and 80.26% for the different selected areas. Therefore, the selected method can be potentially useful for detecting road conditions based on WV-2 images.     

Monitoring canopy growth and grain yield of paddy rice in South Korea by using the GRAMI model and high spatial resolution imagery

Monitoring crop conditions and forecasting crop yields are both important for assessing crop production and for determining appropriate agricultural management practices; however, remote sensing is limited by the resolution, timing, and coverage of satellite images, and crop modeling is limited in its application at regional scales. To resolve these issues, the Gramineae (GRAMI)-rice model, which utilizes remote sensing data, was used in an effort to combine the complementary techniques of remote sensing and crop modeling. The model was then investigated for its capability to monitor canopy growth and estimate the grain yield of rice (Oryza sativa), at both the field and the regional scales, by using remote sensing images with high spatial resolution. The field scale investigation was performed using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images, and the regional-scale investigation was performed using RapidEye satellite images. Simulated grain yields at the field scale were not significantly different (p = 0.45, p = 0.27, and p = 0.52) from the corresponding measured grain yields according to paired t-tests (α = 0.05). The model’s projections of grain yield at the regional scale represented the spatial grain yield variation of the corresponding field conditions to within ±1 standard deviation. Therefore, based on mapping the growth and grain yield of rice at both field and regional scales of interest within coverages of a UAV or the RapidEye satellite, our results demonstrate the applicability of the GRAMI-rice model to the monitoring and prediction of rice growth and grain yield at different spatial scales. In addition, the GRAMI-rice model is capable of reproducing seasonal variations in rice growth and grain yield at different spatial scales.     

A novel mathematical morphology based algorithm for shoreline extraction from satellite images

Abstract

Shoreline extraction is fundamental and inevitable for several studies. Ascertaining the precise spatial location of the shoreline is crucial. Recently, the need for using remote sensing data to accomplish the complex task of automatic extraction of features, such as shoreline, has considerably increased. Automated feature extraction can drastically minimize the time and cost of data acquisition and database updating. Effective and fast approaches are essential to monitor coastline retreat and update shoreline maps. Here, we present a flexible mathematical morphology-driven approach for shoreline extraction algorithm from satellite imageries. The salient features of this work are the preservation of actual size and shape of the shorelines, run-time structuring element definition, semi-automation, faster processing, and single band adaptability. The proposed approach is tested with various sensor-driven images with low to high resolutions. Accuracy of the developed methodology has been assessed with manually prepared ground truths of the study area and compared with an existing shoreline classification approach. The proposed approach is found successful in shoreline extraction from the wide variety of satellite images based on the results drawn from visual and quantitative assessments.     

云环境下改进TLBO算法的图像边缘检测

针对TLBO算法在解决复杂高维问题时,表现容易陷入局部最优,多样性丢失过快等不足的问题,提出了一种基于云计算环境下改进的TLBO算法(ITLBO),并将其应用到图像边缘检测中。通过对基本TLBO算法中的‘教’与‘学’阶段进行改进,引入一种新的种群更新方法,提高算法的迭代寻优能力。利用云环境下将该方法应用到图像边缘检测中进行实际性能验证,实验仿真结果表明,该方法提取图像的边缘信息的有效性。本文研究可为智慧城市的建设提供关键技术参考。     

遥感影像并行分割的无缝拼接算法

针对影像数据分块并行处理造成的接边问题,该文基于构建缓冲区的方法提出了一种新的拼接算法。该算法只在每一个数据分块的右侧和下侧构建缓冲区,消除拼接线的原则是保证分割边界的准确性和拓扑关系的正确性。数据分块完成后采用并行的策略对第一个块进行分割,然后将每一块的分割结果与相邻的块进行拼接,在缓冲区内按一定规则判断各块分割对象是否保留并对拓扑关系进行检查,拼接完各块后并行输出对象矢量化后的结果。通过实验验证,该算法不仅保证了分割边界的准确性,而且能够处理大影像,提高了工作效率。