长江三峡狮子口地区重力滑动构造研究

长江三峡工程坝址西南约１０ｋｍ的狮子口地区，发育一个长约８ｋｍ、宽约３ｋｍ的重力滑动构造系统。它由下伏系统、滑动系统和前缘推挤带构成，是一个典型的多层次滑褶型重力滑动构造。它形成时的温、压条件为１３０．５～１９３．７℃和１８０～２３０ＭＰａ；ｌ；形成深度约５～１０ｋｍ；总体岩层收缩量３２．２％；总滑移距离１０６０ｍ；活动时间上限１２７．６５士３８．２９万年。它是燕山运动期间南北向挤压体制下，在黄陵背斜东、西两侧应力屏蔽区内派生的近东西向拉伸构造应力场的产物。     

小明月沟中心式火山机构遥感图像模型的建立

中心式大山机构具有环状、辐射状交织的遥感图像特征￣［１］。解译标志为环状色调（色彩），环状、向心状水系及环带状地形。该类火山机构的火山岩、火山岩相及大山断裂的分布规律是建立遥感图像模型的地质基础。在ΔＴ平面等值线图上，中心式火山机构近等轴状，反映出中心式火山机构的地球物理场模型与遥感图像模型的一致性。文中所讨论的小明月沟火山机构为典型的中心式火山机构。     

BP神经网络的训练样本集容量

本文试图解释用ＢＰ神经网络解界面反问题时效果不佳的原因。文中首先从信息量的角度提出了ＢＰ神经网络训练本集容量的概念，给出了它的定义及组织训练样本集时应遵循的原则和方法。对于如何用ＢＰ神经网络解界面反问题，给出了其基本步骤，并根据上述训练样本集容量的概念及界面反总理的特殊性，给出了组织界面反问题训练样本集的方法。     

华北地区的共轭地震构造带

本文采用小地震活动图象和４．０级（Ｍｓ）以上地震震源机制资料的构造分析方法，得到一幅华北地区震源构造在地面的投影分布图，它显示４条ＮＮＥ－ＮＥ向和１条ＮＷＷ－ＮＷ向地震构造带交切成的共轭剪切构造格架。每条地震构造带又由一系列共轭剪切构造组成。由发生在带内的５个大震序列共轭破裂特征发现，共轭地震构造的孕震与控震作用是地震构造带形成的机制。     

MONITORING OF 1991 EASTERN CHINA FLOODING WITH POLAR ORBITING METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITES FY-1 AND NOAA

With polar orbiting meteorological satellites FY-1 and NOAA,flooding was monitored in the areas of the HuaiheRiver basin and the Taihu Lake region during June and July 1991.All satellite images from FY-1 and NOAA for concerned areas before and during flooding were examined.Thoseof cloud-free,with small amount of cumulus or thin cirrus were selected to exam the situation.Navigation and projec-tion were carefully performed,to ensure the projected images at different time overlap accurately with each other in 1—2pixels.Channel 1 (CH1) and Channel 2 (CH2) data of FY-1 and NOAA satellites with wavelength of 0.58—0.68μm and0.725—1.1μm were used to monitor the flooding.Albedo of Channel 2 and normalized vegetation index (NDVI) wereadopted as indicators to identify water body from land.With histogram and man-machine interactive methods,analysiswas done.In cloud-free condition,the two indicators identified the same area and scope of the water body.Totally cloud-free image in a large area is quite rare.To understand flood process,it is necessary to use more fre-quent images.It was investigated to distinguish water from land in partly cloudy condition.The result showed that whenthere is small amount of cumulus or thin cirrus,satellite images are still valuable in monitoring water body.In case ofmonitoring area covered with cirrus,vegetation index is useful,and while there is small amount of cumulus on land,albedo of Channel 2 can be used.Ten images from May 16 to August 18 of 1991 were examined.The results show that in the Lixiahe area,JiangsuProvince,the area submerged in total was the largest;along main stream of the Huaihe River,the Chuhe River,andaround the Chaohu Lake,a large percentage of area submerged;while in the Taihu Lake area,less field submerged.Flood monitoring was performed for 87 counties in the region concerned.These counties were put in order accord-ing to the percentage of submerged area in total.This order showed the extent of disaster at one view point.     

论γ射线的点放射源和非点放射源的辐射研究

本文讨论点放射源和非点放射源的辐射，为简化理论模型，暂不考虑二次γ射线，只讨论点源和线源和柱状源的辐射，本文的讨论有助于工业ＣＴ的设计及系统的优化。     

钢梁阻尼器的最佳延性率及其控制

基于双线性和三线性的力－位移滞回线假设，导出了钢梁阻尼器隔震系统等效阻尼比与阻尼器延性率的关系；为了获得大阻尼比隔震系统，以尽量减小隔震系统的地震反应，求得了使系统阻尼比为最大的阻尼器相应延性率（即最佳延性率）所需满足的条件；给出了在给定地震地面运动输入条件下，使系统阻尼器变形位移达到最佳延性率的阻尼器初始刚度和屈服位移的确定方法。     

Long-term erosion on granitic roadcuts based on exposed tree roots

Exposed roots were used to estimate soil and bedrock erosion on the cut slopes of a 45-year-old road constructed in granitic soils of the Idaho Batholith. The original roadcut surface was defined by projecting a straight line from the toe of the cut past the end of the exposed root to the intersection of a straight line projected along the surface of the hillslope. A cross-sectioning technique was then used to determine erosion to the present roadcut surface. A total of 41 exposed root sites were used to estimate erosion on a 1350 m-long section of road. Average erosion was 1·0 and 1·1 cm/year for soil and bedrock respectively. Buttressing by tree roots caused lower erosion rates for soil as compared to bedrock. Both soil and bedrock erosion rates showed statistically significant correlations with the gradients of the original cut slope. The bedrock erosion data provide a reasonable estimate of the disintegration rate of exposed granitic bedrock exhibiting the weathering and fracturing properties common to this area. The road is located in a study watershed where long-term sediment yield data are available. Sediment data from adjacent study watersheds with no roads were compared to sediment data from the roaded watershed to estimate the long-term increase in sediment yield caused by the road. The increase amounts to about 2·4 m³/year. This figure, compared to the average annual on-site road erosion, provides an erosion to sediment delivery ratio of less than 10 per cent. Based on study results, road construction and maintenance practices are suggested for helping reduce roadcut erosion.     

The stability of underground workings in the soft rocks of the Coal Measures

Summary The characteristics of soft rocks typical of the British Coal Measures are defined and a series of working hypotheses are developed to provide improved design methods for underground roadway and face supports and pillars in coal mines. Proposed design equations are tested against case history data.     

岩溶地层水文水井泡沫钻井压力和排量计算

分析了岩溶地层水文水井施工中,泡沫实现平衡压力或欠平衡压力钻井的原理及影响泡沫钻井有效井眼压力的因素,采用迭代法逆循环计算方法,计算井口压力和井口气液排量。