风暴的自动识别,跟踪与预报

利用多普勒雷达体扫描资料对风暴进行实时地自动识别、跟踪、结构分析和临近预报,风暴的识别基于其个连续区域的体积和雷达反射率大于给定的体积阈值和反射率阈值;用矩心跟踪法匹配相邻两时刻的风暴,对风暴的合并与分裂进行了处理;根据风暴在过去各个时刻的中心位置和体积,利用最小二乘法进行线性外推来预报其在下一时刻的位置和面积。结果表明本方法能较好地识别、跟踪和警戒强对流性天气。     

Use of rapd for detecting and identifyingPorphyra (Bangiales, Rhodophyta)

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was applied to assess the genetic variations and phylogenetic relationships in 4 species ofPorphyra. The samples were collected from the coast of Canada, Vietnam, Zhoushan, Fujian and Qingdao in China. Amplifications with 20 primers were carried out under predetermined optimal reaction conditions (samples were first heated at 94°C for 5 min. and followed by 45 cycles of 1 min at 94°C, 1 min at 36°C, and 2 min at 72°C, then held at 72°C for 10 min). The amplified products were scored as present (1) or absent (0) for each DNA sample and an index of genetic similarity (F) was calculated by using Nei & Li’s matching coefficient method (1979). The value of (1−F) was used to quantify the genetic distances between species and construct a phylogenetic tree. The relationship indicated by the UPGMA and NJ cluster analysis on the values of the genetic distance is in good overall agreement with classical taxonomy. The obvious differences between natural and cultivated population ofP. haitanensi suggest that variation or hybridization with other species occurred during the culture. Contribution No. 100 from the Experimental Marine Biology Laboratory, IOCAS. Contribution No. 3289 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The research supported by the Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.     

在深化可持续发展研究中发展地理学*

可持续发展研究对地理学提出了挑战,也是地理学的发展机会,地理学家有责任在发展自己学科的同时把可持续发展的研究引向深入。地理学家要能对似乎已得到广泛认同的概念提出挑战性的思想,要在观念形态、经济-社会体制、科学技术三个层次上把可持续发展的论题引向深入,同时要对论题的空间尺度和时间尺度有明确的界定,尤其要重视区域尺度和近期的可持续发展研究,重视可持续发展思想和战略的可操作性。     

应用模糊评判法预测新疆东准噶尔地区金成矿有利区

应用模糊综合评判原理,在对新疆东准噶尔地区金成矿地质基本特征分析基础上,选取地质、地球化学参数,利用各参数的权重分配进行调整,确定最佳权重分配方案,对新疆东准噶尔地区金的含矿性进行综合评判,其结果预测了该地区金矿成矿有利区。     

钻探微机智能监测系统的研制与应用

钻探微机智能监测系统是检测技术、识别算法、计算机技术与钻探工艺相结合的高科技成果。它可方便快捷地安装于野外钻进现场,自动生成钻进参数的约束条件,对孔内工况进行智能识别,从而提高钻探效率,降低事故率,还可跟踪钻孔轨迹,进行中靶预测,建立钻探生产数据库。     

和田玉

通过对和田玉的矿物成分、矿床成因类型、产状序列特征比较系统地介绍,总结了当前市场上和田玉与相似软玉的肉眼鉴定要点。     

On the rotation–activity correlation for active binary stars

We present an investigation of rotation–activity correlations using International Ultraviolet Explorer ( IUE ) SWP measurements of the C  iv emission line at 1550Å for 72 active binary systems. We use a standard stellar evolution code to derive non-empirical Rossby numbers, R ₀, for each star in our sample and compare the resulting C  iv rotation–activity correlation to that found for empirically derived values of the Rossby number and that based on rotation alone. For dwarf stars our values of R ₀ do not differ greatly from empirical ones and we find a corresponding lack of improvement in correlation. Only a marginal improvement in correlation is found for evolved components in our sample. We discuss possible additional factors, other than rotation or convection, that may influence the activity levels in active binaries. Our observational data imply, in contrast to the theoretical predictions of convective motions, that activity is only weakly related to mass in evolved stars. We conclude that current dynamo theory is limited in its application to the study of active stars because of the uncertainty in the angular velocity-depth profile in stellar interiors and the unknown effects of binarity and surface gravity.     

亲和层析技术在现代蛋白质研究中的应用及新发展

亲和层析技术是目前重要的蛋白质研究技术之一。本文介绍了免疫亲和层析、凝集素亲和层析、核酸亲和层析、金属螯合亲和层析以及染料配体亲和层析等几类常规亲和层析的原理及在蛋白质分离纯化以及分析鉴定方面的应用；简要叙述了当今蛋白质组研究中新出现的两种与亲和层析有关的技术，串联亲和层析技术和SELDI芯片技术。并且提出了存在的问题以及今后发展趋势。     

四种两性生殖卤虫雄性抱持器的形态比较

对四种卤虫:A.franciscana,A.sinica,A.persimilis,A.tunisiana的雄性抱持器及其额结节进行比较观察。在额结节表面有两种突起。树突和感觉毛。两者的排列和分布复杂,在不同种卤虫之间,它们的差别很明显。据此,额结节辅以抱持器的形态大小可作为卤虫的鉴定的重要标志。四种卤虫的简易鉴定法:1.A.franciscana额结节小,约150μm,抱持器粗壮,与其粗短体形一致。其体宽体长比值为0.17。2.A.sinica额结节小,约150μm,抱持器纤细,与其细长体形一致,其体宽体长比值为0.10。3.A.persimilis额结节大,半圆形,直径约350μm,抱持器端节前沿呈弧形。4.A.tunisiana额结节大,圆锥形,高350μm,抱持器端节前沿呈拐角突起。