时间域有限差分法(FDTD)对井中雷达的数值模拟

为了进一步认识雷达的探测性能，用数值模拟的方法来研究各种地质条件下雷达的信号反应。时间域的麦克斯韦差分方程可以用一系列的差分方程来表达，这个过程叫做时间域有限差分法(FDTD)。该方法可以有效地计算三维空间中电磁场的时间域信号。引入了可包含局部小网格的技术，计算精度和效率都得到了提高，同时，作为发射和接收的偶极子天线的模拟方法也得到了充分的考虑。计算了充水裂缝和一种矿体的井中雷达信号响应。结果表明，井中雷达可以用于探测地下充水裂缝和矿体。     

原地原位定年技术工作思路探讨--中深变质岩区精细变质年代学格架的建立

前寒武纪变质岩区和(或)造山带核部的中深变质岩岩石的结构域常可分为变斑晶域、基质域和后成合晶域三类。利用原位分析技术直接测定岩石薄片中与这三类结构域关系清楚的锆石和独居石不同成因域的年龄的原地原位定年方法，可以有效地确定变质峰期和变质反应的地质时间，因而是建立精细变质年代学格架的可行途径。     

Versatile Two-Level Schwarz Preconditioners for Multiphase Flow

Numerically modeling groundwater flow on finely discretized two- and three-dimensional domains requires solution algorithms appropriate for distributed memory multiprocessor architectures. Multilevel and domain decomposition algorithms are appropriate for preconditioning or solving linear systems in parallel and have, therefore, been applied to linear models for saturated groundwater flow. These algorithms have also been incorporated into more complex nonlinear multiphase flow models in the context of a linearization procedure such as Newton's method. In this work, we study a class of parallel preconditioners based on two-level Schwarz domain decomposition applied in a nonlinear two-phase flow numerical model. The restriction and interpolation operators are based on an aggregation approach that has a straightforward implementation for a variety of applications arising in subsurface modeling: structured and unstructured discretizations, finite elements and finite differences, and multicomponent model equations. We present model formulations, results from numerical experiments, and a comparison of a standard one-level Schwarz method to three two-level aggregation-based methods.     

桩头缺陷时域与频域特征分析

本文是根据大量的工程桩基检测实践 ,分别对桩头缺陷 -—松散、浮浆、夹泥、空洞等特征进行分析比较 ,给出桩头缺陷对应的时域与频域特征。文中并给出在桩基检测过程对桩头处理应注意的事项。     

纯时间域多元信息地质统计学

随着人们动态地认识客观世界的要求日益增加,时空域中的多元信息地质统计学技术研究受到重视。本文在时间域内对几种纯时间域克立格技术进行了研究,重点对纯时间域中的普通克立格（ＴＯＫ）、简单克立格（ＴＳＫ）及泛克立格（ＴＵＫ）进行了论述,也对纯时间域中的协同克立格（ＴＣＯＫ）和指示克立格（ＴＩＫ）作了简要的概括。     

基于Ontology的网络地理服务描述与发现

针对目前Web服务的行业标准中服务描述和发现方法的不足 ,提出了一种基于Ontology的网络地理信息服务描述和发现方法。其核心思想是采用“概念层 应用层”两个层次来描述地理信息服务 ,将服务发布后 ,通过对服务描述中输入输出等参数和用户需求中功能描述的测度来判断服务与用户需求的匹配程度 ,从而进行服务发现。     

Evolution of an accretionary complex along the north arm of the Island of Sulawesi, Indonesia

Abstract Seismic reflections across the accretionary prism of the North Sulawesi provide excellent images of the various structural domains landward of the frontal thrust. The structural domain in the accretionary prism area of the North Sulawesi Trench can be divided into four zones: (i) trench area; (ii) Zone A; (iii) Zone B; and (iv) Zone C. Zone A is an active imbrication zone where a decollement is well imaged. Zone B is dominated by out‐of‐sequence thrusts and small slope basins. Zone C is structurally high in the forearc basin, overlain by a thick sedimentary sequence. The subducted and accreted sedimentary packages are separated by the decollement. Topography of the oceanic basement is rough, both in the basin and beneath the wedge. The accretionary prism along the North Sulawesi Trench grew because of the collision between eastern Sulawesi and the Bangai–Sula microcontinent along the Sorong Fault in the middle Miocene. This collision produced a large rotation of the north arm of Sulawesi Island. Rotation and northward movement of the north arm of Sulawesi may have resulted in southward subduction and development of the accretionary wedge along North Sulawesi. Lateral variations are wider in the western areas relative to the eastern areas. This is due to greater convergence rates in the western area: 5 km/My for the west and 1.5 km/My for the east. An accretionary prism model indicates that the initiation of growth of the accretionary prism in the North Sulawesi Trench occurred approximately 5 Ma. A comparison between the North Sulawesi accretionary prism and the Nankai accretionary prism of Japan reveals similar internal structures, suggesting similar mechanical processes and structural evolution.     

3D modelling of near-surface, environmental effects on AEM data

This study considers the three-dimensional (3D) modelling of compact, at-surface conductive bodies on frequency domain airborne electromagnetic (AEM) survey data. The context is the use of AEM data for environmental and land quality applications. The 3D structures encountered are typically conductive, of limited thickness (<20 m) and form ‘point’ source locations carrying potential environmental risk. The scale of such bodies may generate single-profile, ‘bulls-eye’ anomalies. In attempts to recover geological information, such anomalies may be considered to represent noise. In environmental AEM, the correct interpretation of such features is important. The study uses a combination of theoretical models and trial-fixed-wing survey data obtained in populated areas of the UK. Scale issues are discussed in terms of the volumetric footprints of the induced electric field generated by systems flown at both low and high elevation. One of the primary uses of AEM survey data lies in the assessment of conductivity maps. These are typically obtained using one-dimensional (1D) conductivity models at individual measurement points. In order to investigate the limitations of this approach, 3D modelling of conductive structures with dimensions less than 350×350 m and thicknesses extending to 20 m has been carried out. A 1D half space inversion of the data obtained at each frequency is then used to assess the behaviour of the spatial information. The results demonstrate that half space conductivity values obtained over compact 3D targets generally provide only apparent conductivity results. For thin, at-surface bodies, conductivity values are biased to lower values than the true conductivity except at high frequency. The spatial perturbation to both coupling ratios and 1D conductivity models can be laterally extensive. The results from 3D modelling indicate that the use of horizontal derivatives applied to the conductivity models offers enhanced edge detection. The practical application of such derivatives to both regional- and local-scale survey data is presented.. The special case of a near-surface, metallic pipeline has been modelled. The problem constitutes an inductive limit (current gathering) response in which the perturbation is largely confined to the in-phase coupling ratios. The main perturbations, in data and conductivity models, are within about 40 m of each side of the pipeline. The maximum perturbation to the conductivity model is only a factor of 1.5 above background. Detailed survey data across a former compact landfill (about 100×100 m) are used to compare the model behaviour predicted by the 3D modelling with survey results. The survey, conducted at two separate altitudes, provides a demonstration of 3D effects on 1D survey models as a function of frequency and elevation. Although the nature of the landfill materials and their location are not known precisely, the mapping information appears realistic.     

复阻尼振动方程频域解法中有关问题的研究

以地震反应谱的形式，阐述了复阻尼系统在频域求解过程中容易出现的问题。通过理论与计算分析得知，这些问题对反应谱计算有很大的影响。另外，还初步分析了时域精确法及频域分析方法的计算效率，认为时域精确法比频域分析方法的计算效率高。