近岸波浪折射-绕射-破波耗散联合模式的有限元数值研究

建立了近岸波浪折射-绕射-破波耗散的有限元数值模式。采用的有限元方法为改进的混合元法,其中外域开边界条件得到改进,内域有限元为伽廖金有限元。用理论解检验了所建立的数值模式,并将该模式应用到一个模型港湾。     

Drought projection based on a hybrid drought index using Artificial Neural Networks

The Tarim River Basin is a special endorheic arid drainage basin in Central Asia, characterized by limited rainfall and high evaporation as common in deserts, while water is supplied mainly by glacier and snow melt from the surrounding mountains. The existing drought indices can hardly capture the drought features in this region as droughts are caused by two dominant factors (meteorological and hydrological conditions). To overcome the problem, a new hybrid drought index (HDI), integrating the meteorological and hydrological drought regimes, was developed and tested in the basin in the work. The index succeeded in revealing the drought characteristics and the ensemble influence better than the single standardized precipitation index or the hydrological index. The Artificial Neural Network approach based on temperature and precipitation observations was set up to simulate the HDI change. The method enabled constructing scenarios of future droughts in the region using climate simulation of the GCMs under four RCP scenarios from the latest CMIP5 project. The simulations in the study have shown that the water budget patterns in the Tarim River Basin are more sensitive to temperature than to precipitation. Dominated by temperature rise causing an accelerating snow/glacier melt, the frequency of drought months is projected to decrease by about 14% in the next decades (until 2035). The drought duration is expected to be shortened to 3 months on average, with the severity alleviated. However, the region would still suffer more severe droughts with a high intensity in some years. The general decrease in drought frequency and intensity over the region in the future would be beneficial for water resources management and agriculture development in the oases. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

智慧教学环境下“地理信息系统原理与应用”课程教学综合改革与实践

笔者以新一轮本科教育教学改革为契机,以社会经济发展、测绘地理信息行业领域对人才的新需求及课程教学问题为导向,以对地观测技术、大数据、人工智能、互联网+等新技术发展为驱动力,以智慧教学环境为教学框架,落实OBE理念,根据毕业要求反向设计课程目标,以学生为中心,对线上线下混合教学模式、故事教学法、协同育人、全过程考核等教学方法和管理方式进行深入探索,从课程思政、教学模式、教学内容、教学方法、教学组织、教学管理等方面开展多项综合改革和创新。以“地理信息系统原理与应用”教学实践为例,对相关模式和方法进行验证,取得了良好的教学成效,课程质量得到提升,有力支撑了毕业生核心能力的发展,相关成果获得多项教学奖励,得到学生好评和同行专家认可。     

广义Khasminskii条件下非线性混杂随机时滞微分方程的解的存在唯一性

利用广义伊藤公式证明了混杂随机时滞微分方程(SDDE)在局部Lipschitz和广义Khasminskii条件下存在唯一解,从而涵盖了一大类非线性混杂SDDE.最后给出实例说明了理论的可行性.     

棕点石斑鱼(♀)与蓝身大斑石斑鱼(♂)杂交子代核型分析

【目的】研究棕点石斑鱼(Epinephelus tukula,♀)与蓝身大斑石斑鱼(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus,♂)杂交F1代(下称"金虎斑")的染色体核型。【方法】采用头肾-PHA注射法制备金虎斑染色体,并分析其核型。【结果与结论】金虎斑二倍体染色体数为48,包括23对端部着丝粒染色体,1对亚中部着丝粒染色体,核型公式是2n=48=2sm+46t,染色体臂数(NF)为50。与其他石斑鱼核型相比,金虎斑染色体核型特点符合典型的高位类群鱼类核型特征;根据染色体臂数,金虎斑属于特化类群。     

Boussinesq水波方程新型数值解法

为建立高效的Boussinesq类水波数值模型,提出了一种新型的、基于有限差分和有限体积方法的混合数值格式。针对守恒形式的一维控制方程,在等间距矩形控制体内对其进行积分并离散,采用有限体积方法计算界面数值通量,剩余源项采用有限差分方法计算。其中,采用MUSTA格式并结合高精度状态插值方法计算控制体界面数值通量。时间积分则采用具有TVD性质的三阶龙格-库塔多步积分法进行。除验证模型外,重点对MUSTA格式和广泛使用的HLL格式进行了比较。结果表明,MUSTA格式可用于Boussinesq类水波方程数值求解,综合考虑数值精度、计算效率、程序编制和实际应用这几个方面,其较HLL格式更具有优势。     

AutoCAD与ArcGIS数据转换研究与应用

结合珠海市空间数据自适应动态更新系统的建设实践,提出AutoCAD与ArcGIS空间数据转换技术路线。阐述了这一过程中数据标准建立、质量控制和数据转换等关键技术。在此基础上,编程实现AutoCAD与GIS空间数据的相互转换以及空间数据库中GIS数据与AutoCAD数据的直接转换。试验结果显示,AutoCAD空间数据在编码、规整、转换和质检等处理后,可生成符合标准的GIS数据。     

大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)、星斑川鲽(Platichthys stellatus)及其杂交种的形态学分析

利用方差分析、聚类分析、判别分析和主成分分析等多元分析方法,对大菱鲆、星斑川鲽及其杂交种(大菱鲆♀×星斑川鲽♂)的可数性状和可量性状进行了分析。结果表明:(1)可数性状中,除腹鳍鳍条数外,杂交种与母本大菱鲆差异不显著,而与父本星斑川鲽差异极显著。(2)可量性状中,杂交种和大菱鲆差异不显著的性状占可量性状的45%,而与星斑川鲽都为显著差异。可量性状的杂种指数平均值为15.56,显示杂交种可量性状总体属于偏母本。(3)聚类分析表明,杂交种与大菱鲆形态较为接近,先聚为一支,再与星斑川鲽聚为一支。(4)主成分分析表明,共获得了4个主成分,其累积总变异的贡献率为73.49%。主成分散点图表明杂交种在形态差异上独立于大菱鲆和星斑川鲽。(5)判别分析表明,利用10个对结果影响贡献率较大的参数分别构建了其判别函数,对大菱鲆、星斑川鲽和杂交种的综合判别准确率达到98.9%,判别效果非常显著。研究认为,杂交种的形态与母本比较相似,但可以通过形态判别分析将三者进行区分判别。     

Optimal Design of Equivalent Water Depth Truncated Mooring System Based on Baton Pattern Simulated Annealing Algorithm简

The highest similarity degree of static characteristics including both horizontal and vertical restoring force-displacement characteristics of total mooring system, as well as the tension-displacement characteristics of the representative single mooring line between the truncated and full depth system are obtained by annealing simulation algorithm for hybrid discrete variables （ASFHDV, in short）. A“baton” optimization approach is proposed by utilizing ASFHDV. After each baton of optimization, if a few dimensional variables reach the upper or lower limit, the boundary of certain dimensional variables shall be expanded. In consideration of the experimental requirements, the length of the upper mooring line should not be smaller than 8 m, and the diameter of the anchor chain on the bottom should be larger than 0.03 m. A 100000 t turret mooring FPSO in the water depth of 304 m, with the truncated water depth being 76 m, is taken as an example of equivalent water depth truncated mooring system optimal design and calculation, and is performed to obtain the conformation parameters of the truncated mooring system. The numerical results indicate that the present truncated mooring system design is successful and effective.