三峡工程地下厂房随机块体稳定性分析

应用块体理论、正交设计方法对三峡地下厂房围岩中裂隙可能构成的随机块体类型、几何特征与稳定进行了分析。所获结果表明：三峡地下厂房的随机块体的虽然稳定性较好,但最大埋深仍可达7~8 m,为确保围岩的稳定,系统锚杆的支护长度应大于7 m。     

甘肃省农村各种结构类型房屋的地震破坏机理

地震造成房屋倒塌是我国农村地区的主要震害和人员伤亡重大的直接原因。本文基于对甘肃省农村民房的调查结果,按不同结构对农村房屋进行了分类,分述了各种结构类型房屋的地震破坏机理。对今后农村房屋的改造与新建具有一定的借鉴意义。     

房产面积测算

介绍了房产面积测算的方法，包括坐标解析法、实地量距法、图解法等，以及房产面积测算的精度要求。同时也指出了在实际工作中尚无法解决的一些问题及测算理论和规范存在的不足，对如何在实际中给予弥补谈了个人的想法。     

基于权属对象的数字房产系统研究与实现

房产交易活动中经常伴随着权属的变化,而房屋本身的变化频率却并没有权属变化高。本文对房产交易中的权属产生、变化和消亡现象进行了分析研究,据此提出了以权属对象为中心组织数字房产管理系统的设计方法,并在此基础上进行了权属对象的时空数据库组织和可视化研究。本文提出的方法已应用在鄂州数字房产管理系统中,取得了良好的效果。     

山西省古交市红梁上村地质灾害分析

房屋裂缝的原因多种多样。在煤矿开采区,居民房屋发生裂缝容易产生纠纷。房屋裂缝是否由煤矿采煤引起,主要是看采空区是否进入村庄保安煤柱。本文对红梁上村保安煤柱进行了计算,并对村庄所处的地质环境条件及所遗受的地质灾害进行了分析,找到了红梁上村房屋裂缝的原因。     

陕西农村三类房屋的抗震性能简述

强烈地震是严重威胁人类生命财产安全的自然灾害,房屋倒塌是农村地区的主要震害和人员伤亡主要原因。根据调查,对陕西农村现有各种结构类型的房屋抗震性能进行了分析。     

NEITHER BIBLICAL PLAGUE NOR PRISTINE MYTH: A LESSON FROM CENTRAL EUROPEAN SPARROWS*

The historical superabundance of passenger pigeons in North America and of house sparrows in Central Europe is anthropogenic; that is, the result of human actions, in these cases with unintended consequences. In this article we concentrate on the superabundance of sparrows in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and outline the reasons for it. Both the passenger pigeon and the sparrow examples serve as ideal types for misplaced understanding of historical numbers of individuals as indicators of assumed pristine natural situations. Both examples reflect severe human impacts on the metapopulations of the bird species. Historical data on abundance can be misleading when they are used as guides in current conservation efforts. Selections of “right” numbers are arbitrary, because no points of reference exist in natural systems.     

厂坝联合条件下重力坝应力及抗滑稳定分析

关于厂坝联合作用对重力坝坝基抗滑稳定的影响一直是水利水电工程中比较关注的问题。针对这一问题,结合金安桥水电站重力坝工程,通过弹塑性有限元方法和坝基抗滑稳定系数的计算进行了探讨和分析。结果表明,对于水电站的河床坝段,不论是通过传统研究方法 法,超载法还是强度储备安全系数计算方法,都说明通过厂坝联合的共同作用,可有效地提高坝基浅层抗滑稳定性能,但提高效果不很明显。另外,采用厂坝联合作用后,可有效地降低坝体内的最大压应力和拉应力,使坝体内的应力分布更加均匀,可使厂坝连接处的发电进水钢管的挠度曲线比较光滑连续,减小了因挠度突变而产生不利的附加应力,有利于发电进水钢管的正常安全运行。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Redundant Spaces in Cities and Regions? Studies in Industrial Decline and Social Change . J. Anderson, S. Duncan and R. Hudson. eds. The Social Consequences and Challenges of New Agricultural Technologies . Gigi M. Berardi and Charles C. Geisler, eds. Determinants of Fertility in Developing Countries, Vol. I, Supply and Demand for Children . Rodolfo A. Bultao and Ronald D. Lee, eds. Computer Mapping: Progress in the‘80s . James R. Carter. Washington: Colonial Africa . A. J. Christopher. Geography of the Soviet Union . J. P. Cole. Chicago Mapmakers, Essays on the Rise of the City's Map Trade . Michael P. Conzen, ed. Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists and the Ecology of New England . William Cronon. Mizner's Florida: American Resort Architecture . Donald W. Curl. Geographical Studies on the Soviet Union: Essays in Honor of Chauncy D. Harris . George Demko and Roland J. Fuchs, eds. Fluvial Hydrology . S. Lawrence Dingman. Pueblo Indian Water Rights: Struggle For a Precious Resource . Charles T. DuMars, Marilyn O'Leary and Albert E. Utton. Women in the Cities of Asia: Migration and Urban Adaptation . James T. Fawcett, Siew-Ean Khoo, and Peter C. Smith, eds. America's National Parks and Their Keepers . Ronald A. Foresta. Neighborhood Revitalization and the Postindustrial City . Dennis E. Gale. China in Canada: A Dialogue on Resources and Development . R. Louis Gentilcore, ed. China: The 80s Era . Norton Ginsburg and Bernard A. Lalor, eds. Boulder, CO: Global Resources: Challenges of Interdependence . Martin I. Glassner, ed. River Networks . Texas: A Geography . Terry G. Jordan with John L. Bean, Jr. and William M. Holmes. The American Frontier: An Archaeological Study of Settlement Pattern and Process . Kenneth E. Lewis. Water Resources, Geography and Law . Olen Paul Matthews. A Field Guide to American Houses . Virginia and Lee McAlester. Population: Patterns, Dynamics, and Prospects . James L. Newman and Gordon E. Matzke. Wood, Brick, and Stone, The North American Settlement Landscape, Vol. 1: Houses . Allen G. Noble. Historical Analysis in Geography . William Norton. The Displaced Worker and Community Response: Case Study of Portsmouth, Scioto County, Ohio . H. Milton Patton and Janet W. Patton. Disaster Management: Warning Response and Community Relocation . Ronald W. Perry and Alvin H. Muskatel. The Anthropology of Space: Explorations into the Natural Philosophy and Semantics of the Navajo . Rik Pinxten, Ingrid van Dooren, and Frank Harvey. What STYLE Is It? A Guide To American Architecture . John C. Poppeliers, S. Allen Chambers, Jr., and Nancy B. Schwartz. Appalachia: A Regional Geography—Land, People and Development . Karl Raitz and Richard Ulack. An Introduction to Urban Geography . John R. Short. Ford, A Village in the West Highlands of Scotland: A Case Study of Repopulation and Social Change in a Small Community . John B. Stephenson. Income and Jobs: USA Diagnosing the Reality . George Sternlieb and James W. Hughes. Weather and Climate of the Antarctic . W. Schwerdtfeger. History and Ecology: Studies of the Grassland, James C. Malin . Robert P. Swierenga, ed. Optimal Control of Spatial Systems . K. C. Tan and R. J. Bennett. Social Science and Revolutions . Stan Taylor. The Global Textile Industry . Brian Toyne, Jeffrey S. Arpan, David A. Ricks, Terence A. Shimp and Andy Barnett. Integrated Water Development: Water Use and Conservation Practice in Western Colorado . James L. Wescoat, Jr. Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Maps and Graphics for the Visually Handicapped . Joseph W. Wiedel, ed.