充气欠平衡钻井液技术在DP4井水平段的应用

DP4井是中石化华北分公司在鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田布置的一口充气欠平衡水平井,该井目的层为盒1段,地层压系数较低,压力系数范围0．83—0．99（平均0．93）,为了有效保护气层,DP4井水平段全过程采用了充气欠平衡钻井工艺技术。欠平衡钻井工艺采用充气钻井液技术,通过该工艺在DP4井的实施,在盒1气层保护上取得较大成功。主要介绍了充气欠平衡钻井液技术的技术工艺、实施过程和现场实施情况,并对充气欠平衡钻井液技术在该井实施效果进行了分析评价。     

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基于粒子群算法的全极化SAR图像非监督分类算法研究

提出了一种基于H/α/A和粒子群优化(PSO)算法的全极化SAR数据非监督分类方法。该方法利用H/α/A对全极化SAR数据进行基于散射机理的初分类,计算各类别的聚类中心,并利用计算结果对PSO算法进行初始化,然后采用PSO对极化SAR数据进行迭代分类。在运算过程中,引入了基于最大似然准则的复Wishart距离,以提高分类器的性能。实验结果验证了该算法的有效性,所提出算法的分类结果优于传统的Wishart-H/α/A分类方法。     

基于间接平差的ICP点云配准算法研究

点云配准精度是决定三维重建模型的质量因素之一,目前,最常用是ICP点云配准算法,经典的ICP算法易局部收敛,影响点云配准精度。本文提出基于间接平差的ICP点云配准算法,设定目标点集中目标点坐标与转入目标点集中的点坐标之间的距离阈值实现点云精确配准。通过与经典ICP算法对比可知,本算法在一定程度上提高了点云配准精度和速度。     

水平井分段完井不同分段模式优化研究

运用势的叠加原理和镜像反映原理,导出了水平井任意分段模式下井筒与油藏渗流耦合产能计算模型,用该模型可以计算任意分段模式下来平井的产能,通过对比不同分段模式下的水平井产能,可以对分段进行优化,从而指导分段完井方案的制定.研究结果表明:当打开程度一定时,不同分段模式对产量影响不大;产量随着打开程度的提高而增加,但当打开程度大于40％时,产量增幅趋于平缓,因此,打开程度必须大于打开临界程度,这样既减小了因分段而牺牲的产量又达到了分段的目的;井筒摩阻对产量影响较大,在进行分段优化时,必须考虑井筒摩阻的影响,从而优选盲管段的位置.     

基于电磁阻尼的振动能量回收装置研究

针对水平方向振动体的能量回收问题,设计一种基于电磁阻尼的振动能量回收装置,装置主要包括振动台、电磁阻尼器和稳压电路.有别于传统的重力方向上的电磁振动体能量收集装置,水平方向运动的振动台更有利于模拟高层建筑的实际的振动环境;为了减小滑动摩擦带来的能量损耗,设计了基于滚动轴承的电磁阻尼器;针对传统能量回收装置中单个线圈收集...     

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Cone penetration test in sand: A numerical-analytical approach

Separation of the effects of initial horizontal stress and relative density on cone tip resistance in sandy soils has been a complicated issue for many years. In order to overcome this problem, a numerical modeling of CPT which has been verified by calibration chamber tests, has been used in this paper to achieve a reliable analytical solution. The analytical solution has resulted in two relationships for sleeve friction and cone tip resistance in terms of the initial conditions of sandy soil. Based on the presented solution, the initial horizontal stress and relative density can be determined according to CPT measurements.     

钙质土中重力串锚水平承载力特性有限元研究

目前没有规范给出串锚的水平承载力计算公式,为了利用有限元法研究串锚水平承载力特性,采用相关理论计算以及室内试验的方法来验证有限元法模拟计算的可靠性。实践证明,有限元法具有较高的计算精度。利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立了串锚-土体模型,模拟串锚在水平荷载作用下破坏过程,研究了串锚在水平荷载作用下破坏机理,从而得到了串锚水平承载力特性。在相同的工况条件下,串锚的水平承载力与其锚链长度有关,在一定范围内,增加锚链的长度可以提高串锚的水平承载力;串锚的水平承载力不是相应的单个锚的水平承载力相加,其水平承载力小于相应的单个锚水平承载力之和,在进行串锚水平承载力设计计算时应给与相应的考虑。     

Spatial variation of seismic motion induced by propagation of body waves

Spatial variation of earthquake ground motion is an important phenomenon that cannot be ignored in the design and safety of strategic structures. Several models have been developed to describe this variation using statistical, mathematical or physical approaches. The latter approach is not specific to an event. A recent contribution, which uses such an approach and called complete stochastic deamplification approach (CSDA), was developed [1]. The aim of this paper is to analyze the spatial variation of earthquake motion induced by the propagation of body waves using the CSDA. Coherency functions are evaluated for the cases of SH–SV–P waves propagating through stratified soil. Results obtained show that the variation of the coherency function is not the same for vertical and horizontal components and that the motion is more coherent at depth than at the free surface. In fact, we found that the rate of decrease with frequency and distance is not the same if P–SV waves propagate through stratified soil.