Regularities in Spatial Information Processing: Implications for Modeling Destination Choice

This paper investigates the determinants of spatial knowledge and how our knowledge of space varies according to geographic location. By using data on U.S. city names recalled at 22 test locations, a multivariate model of the information surface specific to each test location is calibrated. This model links the probability of a city being recalled from memory to its distance from the test site, its population size, its location with respect to other cities, and whether or not it is a state capital. The paper then suggests that these recall data provide information on spatial knowledge surfaces from which large-scale spatial choices, such as migration destinations, are made. Results from the analysis lend further evidence to the idea that spatial knowledge is stored and processed hierarchically and that individuals underrepresent information in large clusters. Consequently, the results have important implications for modeling any spatial behavior based on individuals' spatial information surfaces. In particular, the results cast further doubt on the validity of traditional large-scale spatial choice frameworks and lend support to the competing destinations hypothesis.     

Clustering of temporal event processes

A temporal point process is a sequence of points, each representing the occurrence time of an event. Each temporal point process is related to the behavior of an entity. As a result, clustering of temporal point processes can help differentiate between entities, thereby revealing patterns of behaviors. This study proposes a hierarchical cluster method for clustering temporal point processes based on the discrete Fréchet (DF) distance. The DF cluster method is divided into four steps: (1) constructing a DF similarity matrix between temporal point processes; (2) constructing a complete linkage hierarchical tree based on the DF similarity matrix; (3) clustering the point processes with a threshold determined by locating the local maxima on the curve of the pseudo-F statistic (an index which measures the separability between clusters and the compactness in clusters); and (4) identifying inner patterns for each cluster formed by a series of dense intervals, each of which contains at least one event of all processes of the cluster. The contributions of the article are: (1) the proposed DF cluster method can cluster temporal point processes into different groups and (2) more importantly, it can identify the inner pattern of each cluster. Two synthetic data sets were created to illustrate the DF distance between temporal point process clusters (the first data set) and validate the proposed DF cluster method (the second data set), respectively. An experiment and a comparison with a method based on dynamic time warping show that DF cluster successfully identifies the preconfigured patterns in the second synthetic data set. The cluster method was then applied to a population migration history data set for the Northern Plains of the United States, revealing some interesting population migration patterns.     

基于层次任务网络规划的分布式协同地理建模任务分解方法研究

为了有效地实现分布式协同地理建模中的合作规划和资源共享,通过分析分布式协同地理建模中任务分解过程,探讨地理建模任务的功能结构、计算复杂性、组织多方性和时空尺度等分解依据,采用层次任务网络(HTN)规划形式化表达地理建模任务,设计了基于顺序任务分解(OTD)的地理建模任务的递归分解算法,模拟领域专家寻求合作规划地理建模任务的思考方式。以分布式流域水文模型SWAT作为试验案例,开发并实现了地理建模任务HTN规划器,为分布式协同地理建模环境中的任务分解方法提供了新的思路。     

A progressive line simplification algorithm

An application of line simplification considering spatial knowledge is described. A method for identifying potential conflict regions, in order to avoid the self-intersection of generalized, lines, is also discussed. Further-more, a new progressive line simplification algorithm is presented. From the view point of spatial cognition, a spatial hierarchical structure is proposed, and its application to construction of spatial knowledge related to a line is explained.     

江西中新元古代地层的划分及其与邻区对比

作者在长期从事江西区域地质调查的基础上,通过对相关地质资料成果的收集、研究和重点考察,运用构造、岩性组合、标志层序列与同位素测年资料综合对比分析方法,重点对江西及邻区震旦纪前的中新元古界区域褶皱基底浅变质地层及其上的"青白口纪晚期"与南华纪等3套地层进行了岩石地层序列的梳理和时代划分对比,据此提出歙县—德兴蛇绿混杂岩带为华南洋残迹,其南侧的怀玉岛弧属于华夏古陆缘,对新元古代早期的弧缘盆体制和"青白口纪晚期"裂谷系统的主要特征及其发展演化进行了探讨。     

应用改进欧拉算法解算磁性目标空间位置参数

指出目前磁性目标探测中常规欧拉方法存在的局限性,提出在欧拉窗口内视地磁场和其他目标干扰异常联合影响为线性变化,将构造指数作为动态变化参数代入欧拉方程一并求解,并利用多元线性回归方法解决了欧拉方程非线性问题.在质量控制方案中,根据构造指数和目标深度变化规律,给出离散欧拉解滤波措施;采用层次聚类分析方法对滤波后欧拉解进行分...     

基于遥感技术的海岸带土地利用、覆被信息提取方法研究

本文以地处莱州湾东海岸的莱州市为研究区域,以TM影像为主要信息源,在分析各类地物分类效果的基础上,结合区域特点和地物光谱特征,综合利用两期典型季相的遥感图像,并针对每一种土地利用类型确定最佳信息提取影像,提出了基于光谱、地形等多种知识的分层信息提取方法.结果表明该方法分层目标明确,分类精度和计算效率都有明显提高,且在数...     

导航数字地图的快速显示技术研究

针对车辆导航系统中地图显示问题,本文设计了"LOD层+多层四叉树+R树"三级索引结构,对现有的四叉树分块方式进行了改进,提出了基于多层四叉树空间分块和块内根据R树分包的数据组织方案,有效解决了覆盖多个网格的要素存放问题;提出了多层和多块的数据缓冲区结构,以及相应的数据后台预取和更新策略,提高了教据提取效率.试验结果表明...     

沈阳市房产测绘信息系统设计与应用

介绍沈阳市房产测绘信息管理系统(GIS)的立项、设计、测试与应用,该系统是沈阳市房产交易产权管理系统的子系统,包含房产测绘的基本工作内容、系统管理目标、工作流程、房产数据库的建立,已有房屋变更测量数据库更新,实现沈阳房产"测绘前置"。对商品房面积分摊计算和测绘成果资料应用及档案管理实现微机化管理,为沈阳市房产交易、产权管理和信息服务提供基础数据,奠定了沈阳市"数字房产"的基础。     

山地城镇体系规模结构的计量分析及分形特征研究——以滇西南临沧市为例

以滇西南地区临沧市2003～2008年各山地小城镇的人口规模数据为基础,运用城市地理学中的位序-规模法则、城市首位律及不平衡指数和自组织理论中的分形理论相结合的方法,对临沧市城镇体系规模等级结构进行定量和定性分析,从计量分析和分形研究两个方面对临沧市城镇体系规模等级结构特征进行总结,结果表明,临沧市城镇体系规模等级结构具有分形特征,处于低级平衡状态,发育还不成熟,但有开始走向成熟的趋势。最后根据临沧市城镇体系规模结构的特征提出相应发展建议。