使用自然语言处理和分层匹配方法的地理信息服务语义发现

设计了一种基于自然语言处理和分层匹配的地理信息服务语义发现框架,实现用户输入关键词与地理信息服务的语义匹配。框架基于Word Net知识库,利用消歧技术确定所提取词汇的含义;根据所提取的信息来源以及相关关系将地理信息服务上下文划分为6个信息层匹配,并使用遗传算法确定各信息层在匹配过程中具有的权重。最后将所提出的发现方法与常用的发现方法做实验验证,结果表明该方法可以提高地理信息服务语义发现的查准率。     

Detecting subtle hydrochemical anomalies with multivariate statistics: an example from ‘homogeneous’ groundwaters in the Great Artesian Basin,Australia

The major ion composition of Great Artesian Basin groundwater in the lower Namoi River valley is relatively homogeneous in chemical composition. Traditional graphical techniques have been combined with multivariate statistical methods to determine whether subtle differences in the chemical composition of these waters can be delineated. Hierarchical cluster analysis and principal components analysis were successful in delineating minor variations within the groundwaters of the study area that were not visually identified in the graphical techniques applied. Hydrochemical interpretation allowed geochemical processes to be identified in each statistically defined water type and illustrated how these groundwaters differ from one another. Three main geochemical processes were identified in the groundwaters: ion exchange, precipitation, and mixing between waters from different sources. Both statistical methods delineated an anomalous sample suspected of being influenced by magmatic CO₂ input. The use of statistical methods to complement traditional graphical techniques for waters appearing homogeneous is emphasized for all investigations of this type. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH LARGE RECREATIONAL SUBDIVISIONS

Recreational subdivisions are extensive operations that have produced tremendous change in many areas. Environmental problems are widespread and often intensified by the extreme degree of clustering. Severe environmental impacts could be reduced substantially if the projects were developed in phases, water resource use was limited to environmentally “safe'’yields, and other environmental constraints were considered by project officials.     

SOFTWARE REVIEWS

software reviews are in this article BMDP/PC CONCEPTS COMPUTERIZED ATLAS EVALUATION OF ALTERNATE PROPOSALS (EAP) EXTRA: EXPRESS TRANSIT ANALYSIS MATC CAD MOTORS TRANSPORTATION PACKAGE PCMAP: Thematic Mapping Software for the IBM Personal Computer, Version 2.3 PLACE TRANPLAN . US-ATLAS     

淮海经济区城市竞争力定量评析

文章首先构建用来测度淮海经济区城市竞争力的指标体系,接着运用因子分析方法,对淮海经济区17个样本城市的竞争力进行计算,求出各城市的竞争力综合得分;然后通过聚类分析将17个样本城市的竞争力划分为强、较强、较弱、弱4类并相应地做出评价。其主要结论为：(1)大多数城市的竞争力得分值偏低;(2)各城市之间的竞争力得分有较大差距,徐州城市竞争力得分最高,排名前5位的徐州、临沂、枣庄、济宁、泰安与其后诸城市差距甚大。     

海洋地理信息系统中两个问题的探讨

由离散水深数据如何描述海底地貌以及水深数据与属性数据如何关联一直是海洋地理信息系统(MGIS)需要解决的问题。文中探讨利用超图中层次结构和非层次关系对海底山峰构建,最后在一个试验区内实现,论证了其可行性。     

利用梯阶中值选址模型进行区域机场群布局适应性研究

研究了中值选址模型和梯阶选址问题,提出了利用梯阶中值选址模型的区域机场群选址布局模型,并对广东省机场群布局的适应性进行了实证研究。在模型实验中,应用地理信息技术对模型进行了计算,结果说明了该模型及模型计算方法对区域机场群选址规划的应用价值。     

巴丹吉林沙漠湖泊与地下水的补给来源及化学组成(英文)

Based on the analysis of ion chemical composition of lake water and shallow groundwater in the Badain Jaran Desert, this paper discussed the characteristics of ion chemical composition, spatial variation of lake water, and possible supply sources of lake water and groundwater in the desert areas. The results show that the pH, salinity, TDS and electrical conductivity of the lake water are greater than those of groundwater. The ion con-tents of water samples are dominated by Na+ and Cl?. Most of the higher salinity lakes are Na (K)-Cl-(SO4) type, and a few of low salinity lakes belong to the Na-(Mg)-(Ca)-Cl-(SO4)-(HCO3) type. Most of the groundwater is Na-(Ca)-(Mg)-Cl-(SO4)-(HCO3) type, attributed to subsaline lake, and only a few present the Na-Cl-SO4 type, flowing under saline lake. The pH, salinity, TDS and electrical conductivity in the southeastern lakes are relatively low, and there are slightly alkaline lakes. The pH, salinity, TDS and electrical conductivity in the northern lakes are much greater than those of the southeastern lakes, and the northern lakes are moderately alkaline and saline ones. In the southeastern part of the Badain Jaran Desert, the ion chemical characteristics of the lake water from south to north show a changing trend of sub-saline →saline→hypersaline. The changing trend of chemical compositions of ions in recent 9 years indicates that most of the ion contents have a shade of reduction in Boritaolegai, Badain, Nuoertu and Huhejilin lakes, which state clearly that the amount of fresh water supply is increasing in the 9-year period. The ion chemical composition of the lake water reveals that the flow direction of lake water is from southeast to northwest in the Badain Jaran Desert. The ion chemical composition, moisture content of sand layer water level height and hierarchical cluster analysis of the lake water and groundwater demonstrate that the lake water is mainly supplied by local rainfall and infiltration of precipitation in Yabulai Mountains and Heishantou Mountain, and the supply from the Qilian Mountains is almost impossible.     

SRG剖分编码与地理坐标的转换算法研究

提出一种基于SRG剖分方法的剖分编码与经纬度坐标之间的转换算法,不涉及任何投影变换,计算过程只需加、减、乘、除简单算术运算,计算速度快,且SRG剖分编码本身就具有固定的方向性,利于邻近搜索。算法中采用坐标系辅助区分一些难以区分的菱形块,降低了转化误码率,进而提高了转换的精度。     

遥感分景数据的剖分索引模型

随着空间技术和对地观测技术的飞速发展,海量遥感影像索引成为目前国内外学术界和应用部门面临的一大难题,地球剖分系统的产生为这一难题的解决开辟了新的途径。本文首先研究了遥感分景数据的特征和EMD全球剖分的特征,然后针对现有遥感影像数据索引方法的不足,提出了基于EMD剖分系统的三种索引模型:基于影像—面片映射关系的索引模型、基于EMD数据模型的索引和剖分数据标识索引模型,从三个不同的方面探讨了解决索引问题的方法和思路。并给出了利用遥感分景数据的剖分索引模型对线状对象和面状对象进行索引应用的实例。遥感分景数据的剖分索引模型的建立为遥感影像数据的高效存储和索引提供了一种有益的新思路。