南极中山站固体潮观测分析

中国南极中山站位于南极拉斯曼丘陵地区（λ＝７６°２２′Ｅ，φ＝６９°２２′Ｓ），１９９１年３月至１９９３年２月，用ＬａｃｏｓｔｅＥＴ型重力仪，在这个地区进行了为期近两年的观测，取得了６００多天的有效资料，经调和分析和流变模型、海潮负荷改正后得到：δｏ１＝１．２２５３±０．００３１，Δφｏ１＝０．７３°±０．１４°；δｍ２＝１．０７８５±０．００４５，Δφｍ２＝－３．５５°±０．２９°从资料分析的精度来看，观测资料是比较好的；但由于海潮负荷改正缺少附近海域的资料，会对最终结果造成较大的影响     

微机遥感图像应用处理系统

本文详细介绍了我们研制的微机遥感图像应用处理系统。它的硬件部分以四台微机为主,采用分布式联接,组成四个子系统,可供1—4人同时操作,能方便地输入输出多种数据和图像。该系统的软件部分,由对应硬件子系统的四个软件包组成,即磁带机数据采集软件包,图像显示软件包,专题制图软件包及遥感应用处理软件包。作为重点的第四部分软件,是在遥感应用工作者的经验和工作方法的基础上设计的,它收集和综合了各种实用处理方法,比通用的图像处理软件包更具有遥感应用的特色。     

大气传播延迟改正在GAMIT软件中的应用

卫星信号从GPS卫星发射到地面的过程中经过了以充满大气为介质的空间,电磁波在这种变化的介质中传播,其传播的方向、速度、强度都可能随时改变,本文简略地介绍了大气传播延迟的产生及其对GPS测量的影响,并就GAMIT软件对大气传播延迟的控制方法和所采用的改正模型做一简单介绍,并对减弱和消除大气传播延迟的方法和手段进行了讨论。     

Stability and accuracy analysis of outer loop dynamics in real‐time pseudodynamic testing of SDOF systems

Real‐time pseudodynamic (PSD) testing is an experimental technique for evaluating the dynamic behaviour of a complex structure. During the test, when the targeted command displacements are not achieved by the test structure, or a delay in the measured restoring forces from the test structure exists, the reliability of the testing method is impaired. The stability and accuracy of real‐time PSD testing in the presence of amplitude error and a time delay in the restoring force is presented. Systems consisting of an elastic single degree of freedom (SDOF) structure with load‐rate independent and dependent restoring forces are considered. Bode plots are used to assess the effects of amplitude error and a time delay on the steady‐state accuracy of the system. A method called the pseudodelay technique is used to derive the exact solution to the delay differential equation for the critical time delay that causes instability of the system. The solution is expressed in terms of the test structure parameters (mass, damping, stiffness). An error in the restoring force amplitude is shown to degrade the accuracy of a real‐time PSD test but not destabilize the system, while a time delay can lead to instability. Example calculations are performed for determining the critical time delay, and numerical simulations with both a constant delay and variable delay in the restoring force are shown to agree well with the stability limit for the system based on the critical time delay solution. The simulation models are also used to investigate the effects of a time delay in the PSD test of an inelastic SDOF system. The effect of energy dissipation in an inelastic structure increases the limit for the critical time delay, due to the energy removed from the system by the energy dissipation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Character of Shear-wave Splitting in Marble in the Critical State of Rupture

This paper mainly observed and analyzed the character of shear-wave splitting in rock specimens while they were in the critical state of rupture. The rock specimens for study are made of Laizhou marble from Shandong, China. A series of records were obtained from two rock specimens when they were in the critical state of rupture. The result shows that, in the critical state just before rock rupture, there may be the phenomenon of rise and fall in the time delay of shear-wave splitting, even though the load was kept constant. That is to say, the time delay of shear-wave splitting may have a falling process before rock rupture.     

VLBI观测双线极化条纹拟合方法

提出了一种可用于下一代VLBI观测系统(VGOS)的双线极化条纹拟合方法。现有的VLBI观测模式采用的是右圆极化(RCP),而VGOS系统采用的是双线极化。本文方法包括校正和组合条纹拟合两部分。校正部分选择一颗强源作为参考源,分别得到不同极化方式下的通道时延及相位校正数据,用于目标源的校正。组合条纹拟合部分将4种极化分量的可见度数据组合成伪Stokes分量,通过搜索差分星位角使伪Stokes分量的幅值达到最大,从而获得最终的时延观测量。与单极化条纹拟合相比,组合极化获得的条纹具有更高的信噪比(SNR)及更小的条纹相位弥散度。     

风云四号气象卫星地面测距系统精度改进技术

风云四号静止气象卫星(FY-4)地面测距系统用于获得分布在不同地方的5个地面站到卫星的精确距离,进而利用得到的距离数据确定并预报卫星的轨道和位置,所以测距精度是影响卫星轨道和位置确定精度的主要因素。本文根据测距系统工作的原理及过程,分析影响测距精度的误差来源,从测距体制、站址坐标测量、地面设备时延测量、转发器时延测量、大气传输时延测量和各站时间同步几个方面分析了风云四号测距系统为了提高测距精度采取的相应的技术手段。     

单站GPS遥感水汽含量范围的确定及结果分析

随着GPS技术的日益成熟和研究的不断深入,GPS的定位精度得到了大幅度的提高,为其在测绘、交通、林业资源、石油勘探、精细农业等行业的应用提供了更广阔的空间。GPS气象学(GPS/Meteorology简称GPS/MET)的诞生改善了原有大气监测技术的局限性,极大的提高了气象监测的时空分辨率,但是在将这项技术由试验阶段向推广普及应用的过程中,单站地基GPS监测的有效范围以及水汽解的精度一直为广大气象学家们所忽略,本文在对以往GPS气象数据收集和整理的基础上,根据理论计算和实际验算,得出了一些有益的结论。     

2003年云南大姚6.2级、6.1级地震序列S波分裂研究c

在利用双差定位法对2003年7月21日、 10月16日云南大姚先后发生的6.2级、6.1级地震序列进行精定位的基础上，采用互相关系数法测量了两个地震序列的快波偏振方向和快慢波的延迟时间. 结果表明:① 两个地震序列的S波分裂现象较明显，除三台乡台以外，大部分台站记录到的地震快波平均偏振方向与区域最大水平主压应力方向基本一致，三台乡台的偏振方向出现两个峰值，平均偏振方向是N80deg;E，表现出与区域最大水平主压应力方向不一致的现象；② 序列延迟时间与震源深度之间没有明显规律性关系，但不同延迟时间范围内偏振方向表现出不同的规律；③ 两次地震序列S波分裂结果对比发现，6.2级地震序列快波的偏振方向明显较分散，快波平均偏振方向比6.1级地震序列大20deg;，而延迟时间方面二者相差不大；④S波分裂快波偏振方向所表现出的空间差异性，可能是由于在区域背景应力场的基础上叠加了两次6级主震产生的应力扰动引起的.      

Retrieval of the Change of Precipitable Water Vapor by GPS Technique

The feasibility of GPS precipitable water vapor (PWV) is discussed based on the comparison of Radiosonde and GPS PWV where the correlation coefficient is 0.94 and the RMS is 4.0 mm. PWV change in the C...