基于VO和Gossip的网格空间信息服务发现模型

针对现有集中式和分布式服务发现模型的不足,提出了一种基于OWS和小世界模型的混合服务发现算法,该算法以虚拟组织为单位进行扩散,虚拟组织之间采用Gossip消息扩展机制来进行服务,在虚拟组织内部则基于集中式的目录服务进行服务匹配。针对传统Gossip算法采用纯随机策略进行消息发送的缺点,依据小世界模型,在虚拟组织信息表中随机增加shortcut,改进了算法的效率。构建了模拟试验环境,验证了算法的可行性和效率。     

国土资源空间数据共享模式研究

本文分析了空间数共享的四种主要模式,指出基于图片的空间数据快速浏览模式是目前一种有效的空间数据共享模式,并介绍了应用该模式的国土资源空间数据快速浏览系统。     

面向对象的地理空间信息元数据标准研制方法

论述了地理空间信息元数据中的对象的特质,构建了地理空间信息元数据对象模型,提出了结合面向对象中的对象操作和面向对象软件工程的地理空间信息元数据标准的研制方法。并以此为指导,实施了《水利地理空间信息元数据标准》的研制,有效解决了研制地理空间信息元数据标准时在分工合作、进度控制和所开发标准在兼容性、重用性等方面存在的问题。     

论地球空间网格环境下的遥感产品虚拟化

针对当前遥感产品获取存在的问题,基于网格技术、面向网络的服务技术等提出了遥感产品虚拟化的概念,并对它的定义、相关技术、特点和优点进行了讨论。认为地球空间网格环境下的遥感产品虚拟化需要建立在松散耦合型的计算模式上,需要借助于面向服务的构架。同时,为了完成网格环境下服务的发布、咨询、资源调度、服务控制、服务生命周期控制等一系列关键步骤,必须采用能够与基于服务的构架和理念相匹配的软件工程方法,提出了基于多智能体的软件工程方法学实现遥感产品虚拟化的构想,并指出了遥感产品虚拟化是面向网格计算环境的未来遥感数据处理系统的发展方向。     

Unconventional Energy Resources and Geospatial Information: 2006 Review

This article contains a brief summary of some of the 2006 annual committee reports presented to the Energy Minerals Division (EMD) of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists. The purpose of the reports is to advise EMD leadership and members of the current status of research and developments of energy resources (other than conventional oil and natural gas that typically occur in sandstone and carbonate rocks), energy economics, and geospatial information. This summary presented here by the EMD is a service to the general geologic community. Included in this summary are reviews of the current research and activities related to coal, coalbed methane, gas hydrates, gas shales, geospatial information technology related to energy resources, geothermal resources, oil sands, and uranium resources.

Relative role and extent of marine and groundwater inundation on a dune‐dominated barrier island under sea‐level rise scenarios

Climate change and sea‐level rise will have severe impacts on coastal water resources around the world. However, whereas the influence of marine inundation is well documented in the literature, the impact of groundwater inundation on coastal communities is not well known. Here, core analysis, groundwater monitoring, and ground penetrating radar are utilized to assess the groundwater regime of the surficial aquifer on Bogue Banks Barrier Island (USA). Then, geospatial techniques are used to assess the relative roles and extents of groundwater and marine inundation on the dune‐dominated barrier island under sea‐level rise scenarios of 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 m above current conditions by 2100. Additionally, the effects of rising water tables on onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) are modelled using the projected sea‐level rise scenarios. The results indicate that the surficial aquifer comprising fine to medium sands responds quickly to precipitation. Water‐level measurements reveal varying thicknesses of the vadose zone (>3 to 0 m) and several groundwater mounds with radial flow patterns. Results from projected sea‐level rise scenarios suggest that owing to aquifer properties and morphology of the island, groundwater inundation may occur at the same rate as marine inundation. Furthermore, the area inundated by groundwater may be as significant as that affected by marine inundation. The results also show that the proportion of land in the study area where OWTS may be perpetually compromised by rising water tables under worst case scenarios may range from ~43 to ~54% over an 86‐year‐period. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于地理实体的数据库建设探讨

新型基础测绘体系建设是我国全面提升基础测绘保障服务能力和水平的重要发展战略,而地理实体分级的非尺度基础时空数据库建设是其中的一项重要内容。厘清了地理实体与地理要素之间的关系,设计了地理实体编码和通用属性,梳理了地理实体建库的技术路线,为基于地理实体的新型基础测绘生产奠定了基础。     

A Novel Approach in Hydrogeochemical Exploration for Uranium Mineralization: an Example from West Central Sinai, Egypt

Groundwater in contact with ore deposits may acquire a chemical composition that could be used as a guide for exploration. Eight well-water samples are collected from a known uranium-mineralized area near Abu Zenima, west central Sinai to examine the applicability of using the hydrogeochemical technique in the search for uranium mineralization in similar arid areas. The analytical chemical data of the ground water is compared with ground radiometric measurements. The obtained results indicate that groundwater affected by uranium mineralization has a specific relativity of major anions expressed essentially as SO4>Cl>HCO3 and to a lesser extent as Cl>SO4>HCO3, associated as a rule with low magnesium content. This association constitutes a signature of uranium mineralization on the composition of groundwater in west central Sinai and could be used as an important exploration guide in the search for uranium deposits in similar areas. Anomalies in Ni, Fe, Zn and Cr and other pathfinder elements in groundwater can furnish geochemical guides to uranium ores. The immobile trace element anomalies, including Zn, Ni and Fe are strongly distributed near the orebody; whereas the relatively mobile trace elements, including Co, U, V and Cr, constitute the dispersion haloes away from the orebody. A new hydrogeochemical discrimination diagram is constructed to be used as a quick and cost effective exploration tool in the search for uranium occurrences in environmentally similar arid areas. Based on the obtained results, a new site for uranium occurrence, west of W. Baba, is delineated and recommended for future detailed geological and geochemical surveying.     

基于多元数据的中国地理空间疫情风险评估探索——以2020年1月1日至4月11日COVID-19疫情数据为例

新冠肺炎（COVID-19）在空间上具有一定的传播风险,对城市的安全健康构成了威胁,防止疫情传播成为紧迫的任务。在2020年1月1日至4月11日,COVID-19疫情经历了发生、迅速发展和趋于稳定的发展过程,利用初期的COVID-19数据进行宏观层面的疫情风险评估,为防疫控制措施提供一定的参考。因此本研究基于行政区划、定点医院、疫情小区以及道路交通等多元数据,在宏观层面提出并构建全国地理空间疫情风险性评估,对疫情风险分布探讨的同时进行评估效果验证,并根据构建指标揭示影响风险的因素及其机理,主要结论： ① 地理空间风险评估具有有效的可行性。② 地理空间疫情风险分布全局Moran's I指数为0.758,具有显著的空间集聚特征。同时,不同的省区市之间的局部LISA值呈现空间差异性,其中高—高聚类省区市占比全国25.81%,风险程度较高,主要分布在湖北、河南、湖南、江西、安徽、浙江、江苏、上海,低—低聚类省区市占比全国9.68%,风险程度较低,主要分布在青海、西藏、新疆。③ 地理空间疫情风险分布与地理区位、道路交通、医疗卫生、疫情现状指标均存在一定的相关性。根据统计学的Pearson相关性分析,其相关指标R ²存在差异,在数值上由高到低依次为疫情现状、地理区位、道路交通、医疗卫生,在属性上其相关因子存在正负2种效应,地理空间疫情风险与武汉市地理距离、定点医院密度以及居民-医院地理距离呈现显著的负相关,其R ²分别为0.813、0.545、0.436,与铁路网密度、公路网密度以及疫情小区密度呈现显著的正相关,其R ²分别为0.751、0.792、0.825。④ 地理空间疫情风险的构成因素错综复杂,其受到多种因子的共同作用,根据空间分层异质性分析,不同因子之间均存在交互作用,其中居民—医院地理距离与公路网密度、铁路网密度交互作用较强,q值分别为0.9842、0.9837。本研究在宏观层面为城市管理中重大疫情的空间资源分配以及区域空间的联防联控策略提供了相应的依据。     

Optimizing an index with spatiotemporal patterns to support GEOSS Clearinghouse

A variety of Earth observation systems monitor the Earth and provide petabytes of geospatial data to decision-makers and scientists on a daily basis. However, few studies utilize spatiotemporal patterns to optimize the management of the Big Data. This article reports a new indexing mechanism with spatiotemporal patterns integrated to support Big Earth Observation (EO) metadata indexing for global user access. Specifically, the predefined multiple indices mechanism (PMIM) categorizes heterogeneous user queries based on spatiotemporal patterns, and multiple indices are predefined for various user categories. A new indexing structure, the Access Possibility R-tree (APR-tree), is proposed to build an R-tree-based index using spatiotemporal query patterns. The proposed indexing mechanism was compared with the classic R*-tree index in a number of scenarios. The experimental result shows that the proposed indexing mechanism generally outperforms a regular R*-tree and supports better operation of Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) Clearinghouse.