抗滑桩间土拱力学特性与最大桩间距分析

抗滑桩最大桩间距确定的基础理论至今未建立起来，工程实践中仍依赖专家经验。本文从方桩桩间土拱形成的原理、力学特性论证入手，较全面地分析了桩间土拱的受力、变形，力的传递和土拱破坏瞬间的最大桩间距。并建立了最大桩间距平面计算模型。     

球面小波分析技术及在全球重力模型中的应用

在介绍球面小波理论的基础上,推导和比较了几种球面小波,分析了最新地球重力模型-EGM96,以此为依据,把球面小波多分辨分析用于计算全球自由空气异常及重力大地水准面,并对处理结果做出解释。     

Empirical predictors of annual bed load travel distance,and implications for salmonid habitat restoration and protection

Measurements of annual travel distance (L_b) of bed load sediment at 16 locations in Alaska, the intermountain USA, west coast USA and Scotland are strongly correlated with bankfull channel width (r² = 0·86, p < 0·001). Travel distance of particles is probably limited by trapping in bars, which have a longitudinal spacing proportional to channel width. Increased abundance of woody debris reduces bar spacing and may reduce L_b. Longer cumulative duration of bed load transporting flows in a year appears to increase L_b. Other predictors of annual travel distance such as stream power per unit length, drainage area and bankfull discharge were less well correlated with L_b (r² ranging from 0·27 to 0·51). Stream power per unit bed area, basal shear stress and slope were not significantly related to L_b (r² < 0·05). Most correlations were improved when regressions were limited to data from the west coast USA. Travel distance estimates can be used to help identify reaches that may take longer to recover from large, short‐term increases in sediment supply. Published in 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The impact of the friction of distance on the early settlement and development of Eyre Peninsula,South Australia

The cost of overcoming distance has played and continues to play an important role in the evolution of Australia's space‐economy. This paper examines the impact of the ‘friction of distance’, as well as the quality of the resource base, on the settlement and development of Eyre Peninsula in South Australia. A series of maps portraying the spread of pastoralism and then agriculture on Eyre Peninsula reveals clearly the importance of ‘accessibility’ in influencing the pattern and timing of settlement. It was not until well into this century that all the potentially agricultural land in the interior was occupied, for this required the construction of a railway and water pipeline up the centre of the peninsula.     

Fast Nearest Neighbor Classification Methods for Multispectral Imagery

Nearest neighbor classifiers have not been widely used by remote sensing practitioners. The lack of acceptance of these classifiers may be partially due to their notoriously slow speed of execution which makes them impractical for the classification of mega-pixel images. However, training data reduction, distance measure optimization, and neighbor searching algorithms based on the modified k-d tree can speed nearest neighbor classification substantially.     

卫星测高研究应用新进展

卫星测高是利用空间技术进行海洋观测的崭新技术手段。GEOSAT卫星的升空又使得这一研究向前大大地推进。本文简要介绍卫星测高在确定大地水准面精度、研究岩石圈特性、探测海底深部构造、研究海洋动力环境以及其经济效益和社会效益的最新进展。     

中国东南陆缘大地水准面的确定

利用我国东南地区１１８２２个重力数据、３０″×３０″数值地形模型和ＷＤＭ９４重力位模型,以Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ理论为基础,采用低通滤波方法处理远区影响,计算了中国东南陆缘２．５′×２．５′格网重力大地水准面,其结果与福建、山东的ＧＰＳ水准相比较,精度分别为±０．１２４ｍ和±０．０６２ｍ。     

SAINF: A toolbox for analyzing the effect of point-like,line-like and polygon-like infrastructural features on the distribution of point-like non-infrastructural features

This paper introduces a GIS-based toolbox, called SAINF, for analyzing the effects of infrastructural features on the distribution of non-infrastructural features. One of the distinct characteristics of SAINF is that it can deal not only with point-like infrastructural features but also line-like (e.g. railways) and polygon-like (e.g. big parks) features. SAINF analyzes these effects with the conditional nearest neighbor distance method and the cross K-function method. First, the paper briefly refers to these methods. Second, the paper illustrates how to use SAINF with an actual example. SAINF can be downloaded via the Internet without charge for non-profit uses.We express our thanks to Exceed Co. Ltd. for helping us program SAINF, and to Miki Arimoto for making the data of high-class apartment buildings and parks in Kiba. This development was partly supported by Grant-in-aid for Scientific Research No. 10202201 (Spatial information science for human and social sciences) and No. 14350327 (Regional supporting network planning for the elderly) by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan.