秩亏自由网平差的一种新解法

提出秩亏自由网平差的一种新解法,只亲知道误差方程系数阵中ｔ０个线性无关的列向量,就能很快地得到最小二乘最小范数解,实际计算表明,这种新解法是简单有效的。     

一次范数最小估计的无偏性

理论上一次范数最小 ( L1 )估计的唯一性不存在 ,其唯一性主要取决于解算方法 ,大量算例验证其唯一性存在。本文作者基于算法来保证其唯一性 ,进而首次从理论上验证 L1估计的无偏性。利用初始反对称估计 ,设计了两个等价的线性规划问题 ,由此来解算得到 L1估计 ,根据误差分布为对称分布 ,便可证明 L1 估计的无偏性     

利用GCV优化的正则化方法对硬X射线望远镜图象重建研究

图象重建是一个求逆过程具有不适定性。本文介绍的是一种从少数投影数据进行图象重建的线性代数法－Ｐｈｉｌｌｉｐｓ－Ｔｉｋｈｏｎｏｖ正则化方法,同时选择优化工具ＧＣＶ确定最优的正则参数。为验证该方法,我们对日本Ｙｏｈｋｏｈ卫星上塔载的硬Ｘ射线望远镜（ＨＸＴ）拍摄的太阳图象进行重建。     

ACMEG‐TS: A constitutive model for unsaturated soils under non‐isothermal conditions

This paper introduces an unconventional constitutive model for soils, which deals with a unified thermo‐mechanical modelling for unsaturated soils. The relevant temperature and suction effects are studied in light of elasto‐plasticity. A generalized effective stress framework is adopted, which includes a number of intrinsic thermo‐hydro‐mechanical connections, to represent the stress state in the soil. Two coupled constitutive aspects are used to fully describe the non‐isothermal behaviour. The mechanical constitutive part is built on the concepts of bounding surface theory and multi‐mechanism plasticity, whereas water retention characteristics are described using elasto‐plasticity to reproduce the hysteretic response and the effect of temperature and dry density on retention properties. The theoretical formulation is supported by comparisons with experimental results on two compacted clays. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Least‐square support vector machine applied to settlement of shallow foundations on cohesionless soils

This paper examines the potential of least‐square support vector machine (LSVVM) in the prediction of settlement of shallow foundation on cohesionless soil. In LSSVM, Vapnik's ε‐insensitive loss function has been replaced by a cost function that corresponds to a form of ridge regression. The LSSVM involves equality instead of inequality constraints and works with a least‐squares cost function. The five input variables used for the LSSVM for the prediction of settlement are footing width (B), footing length (L), footing net applied pressure (P), average standard penetration test value (N) and footing embedment depth (d). Comparison between LSSVM and some of the traditional interpretation methods are also presented. LSSVM has been used to compute error bar. The results presented in this paper clearly highlight that the LSSVM is a robust tool for prediction of settlement of shallow foundation on cohesionless soil. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Three‐parameter discontinuous distributions for hydrological samples with zero values

A consistent approach to the frequency analysis of hydrologic data in arid and semiarid regions, i.e. the data series containing several zero values (e.g. monthly precipitation in dry seasons, annual peak flow discharges, etc.), requires using discontinuous probability distribution functions. Such an approach has received relatively limited attention. Along the lines of physically based models, the extensions of the Muskingum‐based models to three parameter forms are considered. Using 44 peak flow series from the USGS data bank, the fitting ability of four three‐parameter models was investigated: (1) the Dirac delta combined with Gamma distribution; (2) the Dirac delta combined with two‐parameter generalized Pareto distribution; (3) the Dirac delta combined with two‐parameter Weibull (DWe) distribution; (4) the kinematic diffusion with one additional parameter that controls the probability of the zero event (KD3). The goodness of fit of the models was assessed and compared both by evaluation of discrepancies between the results of both estimation methods (i.e. the method of moments (MOM) and the maximum likelihood method (MLM)) and using the log of likelihood function as a criterion. In most cases, the DWe distribution with MLM‐estimated parameters showed the best fit of all the three‐parameter models. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于网格模板的最小欧式距离准则图像自动拼接技术

提出一种结合网格模板和最小欧式距离准则的图像自动拼接方法。方法选取图像重叠部分作为处理对象，运用边缘检测自动获取基准图像特征块，并提出基于网格模板的最小欧式距离准则用于计算匹配点，最后使用图像融合技术消除接缝。应用证明该方法拼接准确快速，实现简单，适合大部分图像拼接应用的需要。     

平差系统模型误差补偿的配置法

利用大地测量数据分析地壳形变所建立的平差系统，不可避免地存在模型误差。给出了估计模型偏差的带权均方误差公式，提出了模型误差的识别、先验协方差的确定以及用最小二乘配置法对平差系统模型误差的补偿方法。     

采用误差迭代补偿的高精度相位解缠方法

最小二乘相位解缠算法是一种全局算法,快速稳定简单易实现,但该算法未绕过相位不连续区易造成误差的全局扩散,导致结果存在较大误差.针对最小二乘相位解缠算法的缺陷,提出一种高精度相位解缠方法.该方法在基于快速傅里叶变换的最小二乘解缠算法基础上,采用误差迭代补偿技术,补偿解缠误差.仿真和实测相位数据的实验结果表明,该方法可有效提高解缠精度,且在仿真实验的定量分析中得出,在强相位噪声条件下,该方法的解缠精度比最小二乘算法提高一个数量级.