趋势面分析在东欢坨井田构造研究中的应用

受区域构造及其演化过程的控制作用,造就了东欢坨矿区构造具有多期次、多性质、多方向、多级别和多序次的特点。选择东欢坨矿大苗庄组8煤层底板标高代表石炭—二叠系含煤地层的起伏变化规律,利用钻孔坐标构建了二维多项式趋势面数学模型。通过对8号煤层底板标高1-4次趋势面和偏差图的分析,提示了开滦矿区东欢坨井田的构造格局:煤层底板有自北东向南西由高到低的变化趋势;主体构造为北东—南西向,趋势图上呈现典型的"反S"型扭曲,且煤层底板等高线趋势面形态显示在走向NE、倾斜ES的单斜基础上,有近东西向构造叠加的格局。该研究还表明煤层底板标高趋势面偏差分析可反映构造形态细节,且随着趋势面偏差次数的增加,分区性更趋明显。     

新一代天气雷达定量降水估测集成系统

降水的定量测量是天气雷达的重要应用之一,新一代天气雷达定量降水估测集成系统(QPEGS)是一套基于新一代天气雷达的雷达雨量计联合估测降水软件,利用多种雨量计校准雷达降水的方法,生成1小时降水分布。其产品的时间分辨率达10分钟,空间分辨率1 km×1 km,适合省市级业务台站使用。过去3年的数据评估表明:校准雨量计数量和估测精度有明显正相关,校准雨量计数越多,降水估测精度越高,2003年的小时降水估测误差约40%,过程降水量的估测误差小于20%;雨量计密度保持不变的情况下,降水时段越长,降水区域越大,降水估测的精度也越高。     

东疆“7·17”暴雨分析及预报服务偏差总结

对东疆地区2007年的"7.17"暴雨天气进行了分析,结果表明:此次暴雨是由充足的水汽条件和不稳定能量,配合高空槽、切变线产生的,低空急流加强了气流的上升和水汽的输送。对此次预报服务出现偏差的原因进行了分析总结。     

城市旅游竞争潜力时空格局演化及其结构合理性评价——以长江三角洲地区为例

选取资源产品竞争力、市场服务竞争力、旅游保障竞争力三大指标体系,采用熵值法赋予权重,对长三角城市旅游竞争潜力进行横向上的测度,引入SSM模型,纵向测算1998～2008年城市旅游竞争潜力指标要素的结构偏离分量和竞争力偏离分量,在此基础上,评价指标要素的结构效果指数和竞争力效果指数。结果表明:长三角城市旅游竞争潜力时空格局上存在显著差异,表现为以上海、南京、杭州、苏州为中心的城市旅游竞争潜力较高,始终处于区域的高值状态,形成四强鼎立的空间格局,城市间旅游竞争潜力差异呈现扩大化,指标要素的结构上存在不合理,与之相对应的旅游竞争潜力并不完全匹配。通过横向纵向两方面清晰的对比反映不同城市旅游竞争潜力指标的弱项和缺陷,客观准确地表现不同城市旅游竞争潜力大小,为长三角地区不同城市提升旅游竞争潜力提供定量依据与理论参考。     

平底改锥体滚刀钻头及应用效果

以滚刀钻头破岩理论及常规锥底翼状钻头破岩理论为指导，分析提出了平底滚刀钻头在易斜地层钻进偏斜度大的机理，并设计了改进锥底滚刀钻头的关键结构及主要参数，改平底滚刀钻头为锥底滚刀钻头并进行了施工应用，取得了非常理想的工程效果。     

New discoveries in dynamics of an M8 earthquake-phenomena and their implications from the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake using a long term monitoring cabled observatory

At the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake of M8, seafloor phenomena such as a generation process of tsunami, seafloor uplifts, turbidity current, etc., were observed using a cabled observatory installed on the seafloor. The turbidity current was observed as a benthic storm caused presumably by the mainshock. The seafloor uplifts were observed at the mainshock and continuously after the mainshock. The uplifts were 0.35, 0.37, and 0.12 m for epicentral distances of 25.5, 31.4, and 81.7 km, respectively. After the mainshock, a continuous uplift of the seafloor is observed at all three pressure gauge locations indicating that there was a change in the state of friction on the plate boundary interface by the mainshock. In this paper, we first show what was observed using the cabled observatory installed right above the focal area of the earthquake, and then we discuss to summarize these phenomena associated with the earthquake, its possible causes, and future directions in long term monitoring of seismogenic processes.     

The Sumatra tsunami of 26 December 2004 as observed in the North Pacific and North Atlantic oceans

The M _w=9.3 megathrust earthquake of December 26, 2004 off the coast of Sumatra in the Indian Ocean generated a catastrophic tsunami that caused widespread damage in coastal areas and left more than 226,000 people dead or missing. The Sumatra tsunami was accurately recorded by a large number of tide gauges throughout the world's oceans. This paper examines the amplitudes, frequencies and wave train structure of tsunami waves recorded by tide gauges located more than 20,000 km from the source area along the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of North America.     

GPS监测中国沿海验潮站垂直运动观测研究

利用2001年和2003年两期GPS观测数据,结合绝对重力测量结果分析了中国沿海海岸在欧亚框架下的水平运动及在全球框架ITRF2000下的垂直运动特征,并讨论了GPS定期观测与连续观测的区别。     

Assessment of spill flow emissions on the basis of measured precipitation and waste water data

Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) are substantial contributors to the total emissions into surface water bodies. The emitted pollution results from dry-weather waste water loads, surface runoff pollution and from the remobilisation of sewer deposits and sewer slime during storm events. One possibility to estimate overflow loads is a calculation with load quantification models. Input data for these models are pollution concentrations, e.g. Total Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD_tot), Total Suspended Solids (TSS) or Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD_sol), rainfall series and flow measurements for model calibration and validation. It is important for the result of overflow loads to model with reliable input data, otherwise this inevitably leads to bad results. In this paper the correction of precipitation measurements and the sewer online-measurements are presented to satisfy the load quantification model requirements already described. The main focus is on tipping bucket gauge measurements and their corrections. The results evidence the importance of their corrections due the effects on load quantification modelling and show the difference between corrected and not corrected data of storm events with high rain intensities.