近地天体望远镜增加卡氏内氏焦点的可行性研究

近地天体望远镜是巡天望远镜, 具有短焦距、大视场、低空间分辨率的光学特点. 望远镜只有一个主焦点, 焦距1.8 m, 底片比例9um/'', 像斑几何能量集中度EE80 ≤2''(像斑环绕能量的80%,即80% encircled energy, 记为EE80), 有效视场直径为4.28-°(14.3deg2), 目前配10k times 10k的STA1600LN CCD (charge-coupled device) camera, 观测视场为9deg2. 通过光学系统设计, 在原光学系统上增加副镜及场改正镜, 获得了焦距9m的卡氏焦点和内氏焦点，底片比例43.6 um /"，在直径15''的可用视场内，像斑EE80≤0.5",为近地天体望远镜实现多终端观测提供了理论依据.     

从苏北海岸的进退谈黄河泥沙利用问题

自１８５５ 年黄河改道北行至今,山东省的渤海湾海岸线向海方面推移了１９ｋｍ ,黄河泥沙的造陆面积达２８２７ｋｍ２ ,而在江苏省北部从双洋口至小丁港１５０ｋｍ 的海岸线上共失去土地１３２０ｋｍ２ 以上。作者认为,可以疏通明清黄河故道作为引黄工程,利用黄河携带的大量泥沙淤积于黄海沿岸,以减缓黄海岸线的侵蚀,还可抑制黄河泥沙沉积而造成的渤海的淤积。     

“分水岭迁移与河流袭夺”客观存在

分水岭迁移的结果必然会引起河流的袭夺，这是水系演变中的客观规律。分水岭之所以会发生迁移，关键在于分水岭两侧分别存在着高位河流与低位河流，这就使得分水岭两侧的侵蚀能量有差异。分水岭的被切穿主要是由于低位河流溯源侵蚀较强，迫使分水岭向高位河流的一例移动，并最终袭夺高位河流。     

Variability of theS q focus position in the South American continent

The daily variation of the H component at Pilar (31.7°S, 63–9°W) and Trelew (43.3°S, 65.3°W) in the South American continent indicates a great variability in amplitude from season to season and even from day to day. However, Pilar always remains equatorward of the southern S_q, focus. On the other hand, Trelew is in most cases slightly poleward of the S_q, focus; but the focus has large latitudinal excursions above and near Trelew. A cause of this variability could be the encroachment of polar ionospheric current systems into the low latitude ionospheric S_q, current system.     

Thinking critically and creatively about focus groups

Focus groups are now widely used by human geographers conducting qualitative research, and are clearly recognised as an established research method within the discipline. Despite this, there is a lack of discussion about the various methodological issues involved in using focus groups. This paper aims to open up discussion by suggesting that there is a need to think critically and creatively about using focus groups in human geography. I draw upon my experience of conducting focus groups with young Muslim men in order to suggest some of the ways in which human geographers might think critically about using focus groups. Some of the issues discussed include group size, location, context and timing, sensitivity of topic, the age of research participants and the positionalities of the researcher.     

Andean evolution at the Guañacos and Chos Malal fold and thrust belts (36°30′–37°s)

The Andes between 36°30′ and 37°S represent a Cretaceous fold and thrust belt strongly reactivated in the late Miocene. Most of the features that absorbed Neogene shortening were already uplifted in the late Cretaceous, as revealed by field mapping and confirmed by previous fission track analysis. This Andean section is formed by two sectors: a western-inner sector generated by the closure of the upper Oligocene-lower Miocene intra-arc Cura Mallín basin between the middle and late Miocene (Guañacos fold and thrust belt), and an eastern-outer sector, where late Triassic-early Jurassic extensional depocenters were exhumed in two discrete phases of contraction, in the latest early Cretaceous and late Miocene to the Present, respectively (Chos Malal fold and thrust belt). Late Miocene deformation has not homogeneously reactivated Cretaceous compressive structures, being minimal south of 37°30′S through the eastern-outer sector (southern continuation of the Chos Malal fold and thrust belt). The reason for such an inhomogeneous deformational evolution seems to be related to the development of a late Miocene shallow subduction regime between 34°30′ and 37°45′S, as it was proposed in previous studies. This shallow subduction zone is evidenced by the eastward expansion of the arc that was accompanied by the eastern displacement of the orogenic front at these latitudes. As a result, the Cretaceous fold and thrust belt were strongly reactivated north of 37°30′S producing the major topographic break along the Southern Central Andes.     

能量与水分循环——气候研究的热点

主要介绍了能量与水分循环研究的关键科学问题，并介绍了近年来国际和国内开展的一系列大型科学试验计划。这些计划都是以开展大尺度水循环过程、陆面水循环过程、云与降水过程的观测试验为生长点，以分析、了解、模拟大气－陆地－海表的水分和热量交换及循环为研究基础，旨在进一步弄清气候变暖的物理成因和未来气候变化趋势；弄清中国、日本等东亚国家的旱涝形成机理；建立相应的气候模式，提出新的预报方法，从而实现较准确地预测气候变化和大尺度灾害性天气，合理调配水资源之目的。     

江苏溧阳地震孕育和发生的地质因素剖析

研究和剖析了两次溧阳地震孕育和发生的主要地质因素，新生代茅东裂陷盆地；茅东与南京－溧阳两玄武岩喷发带的交汇；茅东断裂带最活动的上沛带；震源区地壳层圈构造（深、浅变质岩界面和低速层）与茅东部断裂带中、深脆－韧性剪切段的复合。探讨了控制溧阳震震级的因素；茅东断裂带属Ⅱ级断裂，茅东裂陷盆地属中、小型裂陷盆地，因此，决定溧阳地震震级为5．0－6．0的中强地震。