高塑性土路用性能试验研究

结合一工程实例,通过浸水CBR试验,分析高塑性土在毛细饱水情况下的强度特征,揭示高塑性土的路用特性,并将室内研究成果结合现场工艺试验,研究在不添加外掺剂的前提下,直接利用高塑性土填筑路基的途径和方法。     

二维勘探新观点

应用大容量、大道数地震仪,改变传统二维地震排列方式,由单线排列接收改为多线排列接收。根据勘探精度的要求、测线网度的不同分二种方式:一是适合于大网度概查普查的单条测线多线排列接收;二是适合于精查和采区二维地震的多条测线多线排列接收方式。     

地质雷达探测工程的几个问题

地质雷达(GPR)探测技术在浅层地质勘探领域广泛应用,并取得较好的应用效果.文章针对消除干扰的方法、关于防空洞探测、关于公路路面检测和隧道衬砌质量检测、地下岩溶探测等内容进行了探讨.     

青海麦秀山滑坡形成机理分析

文章从地形地貌、地层岩性、地质构造、水文气象条件等方面,对青海麦秀山滑坡的产生机理进行分析,重点阐明地质构造对地质灾害的控制作用。3个滑坡形成的基本机理:滑坡均在断层带,所处地层岩体均因受构造作用,节理裂隙发育,岩体多呈破碎状,风化强烈,表层泥质砂砾岩已全风化成土状,加之岩体破碎,裂隙发育,地表水、地下水补给充分,加速了岩石的风化、泥化,长期在丰富饱和的地下水的浸泡下形成可塑、软塑泥状物,其滑动带主要依附于硬塑-软塑的过渡层,滑床为较硬的砂砾岩。由此建议,对修建山区公路时所遇到的舒缓坡地,应慎重判识是否存在滑坡灾害,并采用合理的绕避或工程措施,将地质灾害在公路建设中产生的损失及不良影响降到最低点。     

道路数据缩编更新的自动综合方法研究

缩编更新是当前GIS多尺度数据库更新的重要技术途径之一。针对我国国家1∶5万数据库更新工程的实际需求,研究分析了用较大比例尺新道路数据缩编更新较小比例尺道路数据的总体思路,提出了基于网眼密度的道路选取和顾及层次分析的道路匹配方法,实现了道路数据缩编更新的自动综合处理,并在1∶5万数据更新实践中进行了实验验证。     

Studies of ultracompact H ii regions — II. High-resolution radio continuum and methanol maser survey

High spatial resolution radio continuum and 6.67-GHz methanol spectral line data are presented for methanol masers previously detected by Walsh et al. (1997). Methanol maser and/or radio continuum emission is found in 364 cases towards IRAS -selected regions. For those sources with methanol maser emission, relative positions have been obtained to an accuracy of typically 0.05 arcsec, with absolute positions accurate to around 1 arcsec. Maps of selected sources are provided. The intensity of the maser emission does not seem to depend on the presence of a continuum source. The coincidence of water and methanol maser positions in some regions suggests there is overlap in the requirements for methanol and water maser emission to be observable. However, there is a striking difference between the general proximity of methanol and water masers to both cometary and irregularly shaped ultracompact (UC) H  ii regions, indicating that, in other cases, there must be differing environments conducive to stimulating their emission. We show that the methanol maser is most likely present before an observable UC H  ii region is formed around a massive star and is quickly destroyed as the UC H  ii region evolves. There are 36 out of 97 maser sites that are linearly extended. The hypothesis that the maser emission is found in a circumstellar disc is not inconsistent with these 36 maser sites, but is unlikely. It cannot, however, account for all other maser sites. An alternative model which uses shocks to create the masing spots can more readily reproduce the maser spot distributions.     

Damped Lyα absorbers from dwarf galaxy ejecta

It is argued that the formation of a dwarf galaxy causes a massive burst of star formation, resulting in the ejection of most of the available gas from the galaxy as a weakly collimated wind. The ejected gas can give rise to a damped Lyα absorber (DLA). Weakly collimated outflows naturally explain the asymmetric profiles seen in low-ionization absorption lines caused by heavy elements associated with DLAs, where absorption is strongest at one edge of the absorption feature. The shape of the distribution of column densities in the model agrees reasonably well with observations. In particular, the break in slope is caused by external photoionization of the wind. A semi-analytical model for galaxy formation is used to show that, for currently acceptable cosmological parameters, dwarf galaxy outflows can account for the majority of DLA systems and their distribution with redshift. This model also predicts a correlation between velocity structure and metallicity of DLA systems, in qualitative agreement with observations. DLAs do not require many large, rapidly rotating disc galaxies to have formed early on, as in other models for their origin.     

A disturbed molecular disc in the Circinus galaxy

We have used the Swedish ESO Submillimeter Telescope to observe the molecular gas in the Circinus galaxy using the CO(1 → 0) transition as a tracer. The central region and major axis have been mapped and several other points were also observed. The gas in the galaxy is concentrated towards the nucleus, the peak being coincident with the radio/optical core. The inclination of the molecular galactic disc is more comparable to that of the radio continuum than to that of the large-scale H  i emission. Evidence for an anomalous spur structure pointing radially away from the galactic centre is presented, and may indicate a causal link between it and similar features seen in optical lines and radio continuum. Our data suggest the presence of a central molecular ring or disc with radius 300 ± 50 pc and a rotation velocity of about 200 km s⁻¹ (assuming i  = 73°). The dynamical mass of the nucleus is estimated to be no greater than 3.9 × 10⁹ M_⊙. Assuming that the distribution of gas varies smoothly in the outer regions, we calculate the mass of molecular gas in the galaxy to be at least M _mol = 1.1 × 10⁹ M_⊙, and the star-forming efficiency to be 11 ± 2 L_⊙ M_⊙⁻¹. These results imply that Circinus is undergoing a massive central starburst which may be, at least partially, responsible for its extended minor axis emission seen in several wavebands.