坐标转换参数的求解方法及其应用

根据坐标转换参数的解算模型,介绍几种常见的坐标转换参数的求解方法及其参数个数与精度;探讨选择坐标转换参数的条件及转换参数的应用,从而阐明转换参数对GPS技术的推广和全球资料的统一的重要作用。     

基于Harris算子的遥感影像自适应特征提取方法

提出一种基于Harris算子的遥感影像自适应特征点信息提取新方法。在进行特征点自动提取时,该方法通过设计一种自适应的迭代策略,实现了特征点阈值的自动确定。在兼顾局部纹理信息的基础上,通过对影像预先的分块处理和邻近点剔除,保证了特征点在全幅影像中的均匀分布。杭州地区TM影像特征点的提取试验表明,该方法自动化程度高,提取的特征点分布均匀合理,能满足几何配准和几何纠正精度要求,具有较高的实用价值。     

濮阳市多时间尺度气温变化及对粮食生产的影响

利用线性分析方法，分析濮阳多时间尺度气温的变化特征及气候趋暖对粮食生产的影响。结果表明：冬、夏季和年平均气温升、降温趋势分别为0．23～0．46℃／10a、-0．05～-0．11℃／10a和0．14℃／10a；年高（≥35℃）、低（≤-10℃）温日数分别以3．36天／10a和2．35天／10a的趋势减少；日平均气温稳定通过0℃的初日提前4．91／10a、终日推后1．02天／10a，日平均气温稳定通过20℃的终日延长2．0天／10a；1987年以来濮阳相继出现17个暖冬，严重暖冬年份皆出现在1995年以后。当地引种的小麦品种冬性减弱，播种期推后，越冬期缩短，生育期延长。病虫害有加重趋势，农药、化肥用量增加。 结论认为：当地气侯变化具有冬趋暖夏趋凉的特征，高低温危害减少，积温的有效性增加，作物生长期与灌浆期延长；自上世纪90年代中期以来，异常暖冬事件增多，近10年是50年以来最暖的10年。同时冬季平均气温年际间波幅增大，春季气温不稳定，气温变化的不确定性增加。气候变暖对当地粮食生产有利因素较多，但不利因素也很突出，如何趋利避害，确保粮食安全是需要进一步研究的问题。     

基于约束点的无拓扑多边形数据压缩算法

分析了常规压缩算法(如Douglas-Peucker算法)压缩无拓扑多边形数据会产生公共边界不一致现象,认为出现此现象的原因是多边形公共边界的压缩起始点选择不一致,进而提出了一种新的基于约束点的无拓扑多边形数据压缩算法。算法原理包括:首先将多边形公共边界的两个端点作为约束点处理,使得多边形从约束点处逻辑上分成几段;然后利用常规压缩算法进行分段压缩,使每一多边形公共边界的压缩初始点一致,从而保证了无拓扑多边形数据的一致性压缩;最后大量试验验证了此算法的有效性。     

测高数据处理中网格化问题的探讨

本文从卫星测高数据处理中网距的选取、数据点的图形结构、网格算子等三个方面加以讨论,提出了频域中数据网格化的方法,最后利用两个周期的Topex/Poseidon卫星测高数据进行计算分析,得出了一些卫星测高数据网格化的经验。     

Neutral Points at the Cometary Diamagnetic Cavity Boundary as Possible Source of Cometary Rays

The point source of neutral gas undergoing ionization and expanding into an uniform magnetic field is considered. Friction between the neutral and ionized particles results in the formation of the magnetic field barrier and diamagnetic cavity surrounding the source. At least one neutral point inevitably arises at the boundary of the cavity. When the neutral gas production rate grows, two neutral points may arise at this boundary. In the vicinity of these points magnetic field lines converge, along with the plasma flow which is magnetic field aligned in the steady state. As a result, two plasma jets originate from the neutral points. Possible relation of these jets to cometary rays is discussed. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Nonlinear Stability of the Lagrangian Libration Points in the Chermnykh Problem

In this paper we consider the problem of motion of an infinitesimal point mass in the gravity field of an uniformly rotating dumb-bell. The aim of our study is to investigate Liapunov stability of Lagrangian libration points of this problem. We analyze the stability of libration points in the whole range of parameters ω, μ of the problem. In particular, we consider all resonance cases when the order of resonance is not greater than five. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

基于拟Fejer点上的复插值算子的一致逼近阶

设Ｄ是复平面上的Ｊｏｒｄａｎ区域，其边界Γ∈Ｃ￣（１＋δ）。本文得到了一类在拟Ｆｅｊｅｒ点上插值的复插值算子Γ在上一致收敛于ｆ（ｚ）∈Ｃ（Γ）的逼近阶。     

Unbiased estimation of flood risk with the GEV distribution

Conventional flood frequency analysis is concerned with providing an unbiased estimate of the magnitude of the design flow exceeded with the probabilityp, but sampling uncertainties imply that such estimates will, on average, be exceeded more frequently. An alternative approach is therefore, to derive an estimator which gives an unbiased estimate of flow risk: the difference between the two magnitudes reflects uncertainties in parameter estimation. An empirical procedure has been developed to estimate the mean true exceedance probabilities of conventional estimates made using a GEV distribution fitted by probability weighted moments, and adjustment factors have been determined to enable the estimation of flood magnitudes exceeded with, on average, the desired probability.     

The structure of chaos in a potential without escapes

We study the structure of chaos in a simple Hamiltonian system that does no have an escape energy. This system has 5 main periodic orbits that are represented on the surface of section by the points (1)O(0,0), (2)C ₁,C ₂(±y _c, 0), (3)B ₁,B ₂(O,±1) and (4) the boundary . The periodic orbits (1) and (4) have infinite transitions from stability (S) to instability (U) and vice-versa; the transition values of are given by simple approximate formulae. At every transitionS U a set of 4 asymptotic curves is formed atO. For larger the size and the oscillations of these curves grow until they destroy the closed invariant curves that surroundO, and they intersect the asymptotic curves of the orbitsC ₁,C ₂ at infinite heteroclinic points. At every transitionU S these asymptotic curves are duplicated and they start at two unstable invariant points bifurcating fromO. At the transition itself the asymptotic curves fromO are tangent to each other. The areas of the lobes fromO increase with ; these lobes increase even afterO becomes stable again. The asymptotic curves of the unstable periodic orbits follow certain rules. Whenever there are heteroclinic points the asymptotic curves of one unstable orbit approach the asymptotic curves of another unstable orbit in a definite way. Finally we study the tangencies and the spirals formed by the asymptotic curves of the orbitsB ₁,B ₂. We find indications that the number of spiral rotations tends to infinity as . Therefore new tangencies between the asymptotic curves appear for arbitrarily large . As a consequence there are infinite new families of stable periodic orbits that appear for arbitrarily large .