DEM 地形描述误差的概率分布特征研究

以黄土丘陵1:1万DEM为基础数据,通过稀疏抽点法获取不同格网点布设位置下的DEM,进而分析不同分辨率DEM中单个地面点和区域地形单元的Et概率分布特征。实验结果表明:对于任意格网分辨率DEM,无论是不同布设方案下的单个地面点,还是区域地形单元,其Et的概率密度均呈现正态分布特征。对于单个地面点,如果以其为中心的3×3DEM格网单元区域以凸地形为主,其Et概率密度呈现出右偏正态分布特征;如果以凹地形为主,则呈现左偏正态分布特征,其他区域则呈现标准正态分布特征。     

单幅干涉图像提取震间形变场模拟研究

针对活动断层震间InSAR形变场提取中存在SAR观测数据不足、轨道误差难以合理去除的问题,该文进行了利用单幅InSAR图像提取震间形变场的模拟研究:考虑到InSAR图像中轨道误差和震间形变场的空间分布特征,利用一次多项式模型和深部滑动模型模拟了100组叠加的InSAR形变场;然后采用直接恢复震间形变场、先分离轨道误差再恢复震间形变场、一步法分离轨道误差与恢复震间形变场3种方法对模拟的震间形变场进行了恢复实验。结果表明,基于单幅InSAR图像,利用一步法能够较为准确地恢复震间形变场。     

一种相机标定参数的柱面全景影像拼接方法

针对全景影像拼接方法存在批量快速拼接困难、匹配精度低、匹配成功率不高等问题,该文提出一种多拼柱面全景相机影像的严密拼接方法。首先对全景相机进行标定,获取每台相机的内参数和单相机之间的相对外方位元素;再根据摄影距离以及摄影中心、像点与物点三点共线的原则,求出每张影像中像点对应的物方点的坐标;最后根据虚拟摄影中心、物点和虚拟像点三点共线的原则,得出像点在柱面上对应的虚拟像点坐标,经过角度归算和影像间的融合处理,获取柱面全景影像。实验表明,多拼全景相机影像拼接方法达到了严密、快速的拼接效果,可方便实现全景影像和单相机影像之间的坐标变换,为后续全景影像的浏览、量测、真彩激光点云的生成和实景测量等应用提供了一种影像拼接方法。     

一种基于网络的多服务器冰箱抽样测试系统

针对冰箱企业中存在多个抽样室的情况 ,本文提出了 1种基于网络的多服务器抽样测试系统的设计方案 ,并给出了实现方法。该系统为企业类似测试系统的应用提供了 1种方案     

玻璃钢渔船船体材料切片之灼烧试验研究

玻璃钢渔船有很多优异的性能，因而有逐渐取代本质渔船的趋势，为推进玻璃钢渔船的产业化进程，作者查痒了大量国内外有关资料，并进行了玻璃钢渔船船体材料切片的灼烧试验，最终提出了我国玻璃钢渔船船体材料切片的灼烧试验的试验规程，以供我国今后制定玻璃钢渔船材料试验标准作参考。     

Manned Testing of the Diver Gas Recovery Installation

The Diver Gas Recovery Installation (DGRI) was evaluated at 80 msw saturation - 100 msw excursion diving on HeO2 in the Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) of China in April, 1995. The diving depth, lockout time, breathing gas flow rate and consumption, inspired oxygen partial pressure (PO2) and carbon dioxide partial pressure (PCO2) were monitored. The results indicated that PO2 was controlled to fluctuate from 64.3 to 84.0 kPa and PCO2 went up from 0.01 kPa up to O.I kPa during 4 hours excursion diving; recovery of breathing gas reached 95%; three divers felt well and breathed comfortably during simulating heavy work. The test showed that it met desired performance goals. The DGRI is a kind of important equipment for long duration deep dive. It enables the gases exhaled by the divers to be re-cycled, and therefore it has great social, military and economic significance for diving operation and submarine rescue.     

对海上高分辨率二维地震作业的认识

1994－1996年，广州海洋地质调查局承担了南海西部石油公司在北部湾的部分高分辨率二维地震调查工程，调查船使用设备为1993年从美国引进的OYO地震仪（型号为DAS－1），施工过程前期进行了参数选择试验。本文介绍了高分辨地震调查参数选择依据、高分辨率二维采集中的一些注意事项、高分辨率二维采集中的一些注意事项、高分辨率地震资料的采集方法以及一些参数设定的原因。     

Data Assimilation Modeling of the Barotropic Tides in the Korea/Tsushima Strait

During 1999–2000, 13 bottom mounted acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) and 12 wave/tide gauges were deployed along two lines across the Korea/Tsushima Strait, providing long-term measurements of currents and bottom pressure. Tidally analyzed velocity and pressure data from the moorings are used in conjunction with other moored ADCPs, coastal tide gauge measurements, and altimeter measurements in a linear barotropic data assimilation model. The model fits the vertically averaged data to the linear shallow water equations in a least-squares sense by only adjusting the incoming gravity waves along the boundaries. Model predictions are made for the O₁, P₁, K₁, μ₂, N₂, M₂, S₂, and K₂ tides. An extensive analysis of the accuracy of the M₂ surface-height predictions suggests that for broad regions near the mooring lines and in the Jeju Strait the amplitude prediction errors are less than 0.5 cm. Elsewhere, the analysis suggests that errors range from 1 to 4 cm with the exception of small regions where the tides are not well determined by the dataset. The errors in the model predictions are primarily caused by bias error in the model’s physics, numerics, and/or parameterization as opposed to random errors in the observational data. In the model predictions, the highest ranges in sea level height occur for tidal constituents M₂, S₂, K₁, O₁, and N₂, with the highest magnitudes of tidal velocities occurring for M₂, K₁, S₂, and O₁. The tides exhibit a complex structure in which diurnal constituents have higher currents relative to their sea level height ranges than semi-diurnal constituents.     

Estimating hypocentral uncertainties for marine microearthquake surveys: A comparison of the generalized inverse and grid search methods

For microearthquake surveys conducted with small networks in regions where the seismic velocity structure has large vertical gradients, the formal errors accompanying hypocentral solutions obtained by a generalized inverse method may be misleading since they do not incorporate the effects of nonlinearity in travel times. An alternative method for estimating uncertainties involves calculating travel time residuals over a regular grid and using the F statistic to contour confidence volumes. We present a statistical expression for the latter confidence limits that is applicable when an independent estimate of arrival time errors is available from observations accumulated for a number of earthquakes. Synthetic experiments comparing the results of the grid search and generalized inverse methods show that in cases where solutions are obtained either without S wave information or for epicenters which lie well outside the network, the effects of nonlinearity on the shape of the confidence regions may be significant. However, for the well-observed events both methods yield comparable confidence volumes in good agreement with the distribution of hypocenters obtained from repeated locations incorporating random errors. The generalized inverse method has the advantage that it requires fewer calculations, so the examination of systematic errors in hypocentral parameters produced by uncertainties in the seismic velocity structure can be studied in a more computationally efficient manner. Except in the cases of poorly resolved earthquakes, the effects of nonlinearity on uncertainties in hypocentral parameters can be observed by the application of the F statistic to the variation of the generalized inverse travel time residuals with focal depth.