新疆罗布泊含钾地层矿物扫描电镜研究

运用扫描电子显微镜对采自ZK1200B钻孔1.12～53.00 m处岩芯的部分样品进行了分析研究。据此,较精确地划分出了4层含钾岩层,发现有钾石盐、光卤石、杂卤石、泻利盐、硫锶钾石、天青石等固体盐类矿物,其中的硫锶钾石和天青石矿物在新疆罗布泊地区属首次发现。钙芒硝岩层中含有硫锶钾石、天青石,推断其锶可能来源于深部地层水（或油田水）的补给,对罗布泊地区钾盐矿的成因研究具有重要意义。     

Evaluation of a Quality Control Monitor Material for the Routine Electron Probe Microanalysis of Kimberlite Exploration Garnets

Election probe microanalysis of indicator minerals is extensively used in the exploration for kimberlite deposits, the evaluation of specific kimberlite occurrences for their diamond bearing potential and to classify grains into different chemical and lithological mantle associations. Kimberlite exploration programmes can involve several tens of thousands of indicator mineral analyses. Procedures for monitoring data quality and consistency of analyses across large data sets are commonly absent. Suitable monitor minerals should be used to verify the data quality of kimberlite exploration and evaluation data sets. This material should have a suitable composition, be homogenous, be available in sufficient quantities and have a similar appearance to the unknown samples. Garnet P1, a megacryst garnet from the Premier kimberlite, was found to have a suitable composition as a monitor for kimberlite garnet analyses. Data were collected on the monitor material at regular intervals during routine analyses, over an extended period, both as a fixed grain mounted on the sample holder and as separate grains set within batches of routine samples. The data were evaluated to assess the quality and consistency in the analyses of large data sets over time. The monitor material was also analysed at independent laboratories using their routine analytical set-up and calibration procedures for comparative purposes. Values are given for the mean ± 2s range, which can serve as guide values for acceptable analyses for all elements.     

利用自然γ能谱测井资料确定粘土矿物的含量及其应用

根据粘土矿物含量的图版计算方法,计算了实际井段的粘土矿物含量,分析了高岭石、伊利石和蒙脱石与U、Th、K含量的相关关系,由此分析得到粘土矿物含量与放射性元素含量的多元线性关系,建立了粘土矿物含量计算的回归方程。通过对不同井段以及同一井段不同地层数据建立的回归方程分析,给出了具有代表性的线性回归方程模型。根据一个实际井段粘土矿物的计算,获得粘土矿物含量随深度的变化,其粘土矿物含量计算结果与原测井解释相吻合,同时与岩心分析误差在10%左右。     

基于ECDIS的多数据源支持技术分析

利用多源地理空间数据集成和融合理论,研究了基于ECDIS的多数据源支持技术。介绍了常用的多源海图数据及其使用原则,分析了ECDIS多数据源支持技术的特点及内涵,总结了国内外常用多源海图数据集成方法,从数据可用性角度探讨了提高国产电子海图系统适用性的措施。     

船舶定线制在海图上的表示方法分析

详细介绍了船舶定线制的起源以及在国内的应用情况,结合实例分析船舶定线制的完整体系,提出自己的分类方法,重点探讨船舶定线制这种复杂要素在海图上的表示原则和方法,以及如何在航海通告中明确表述该要素。     

青海唐古拉沱沱河地区晚更新世河流阶地沉积特征及意义

青海沱沱河地区水系密布、河网交织,沿主干水系河流阶地发育。对沱沱河沿岸不同地段河流阶地进行物质成分及古植物孢粉进行研究,确定了自63.1 kaB.P.(ESR)以来的晚更新世草本植物与木本植物两个古植被演化阶段,相应气候由温凉较干向温和较湿转变。详细的测年(TL、ESR)数据显示,位于基座阶地之上的阶地堆积物为晚更新世97.78 KaB.P.以来堆积而成,推断长江水系在研究区的形成与外泄地质时期为晚更新世早期。     

Mineralogy and major-element geochemistry of the lower Permian Greta Seam,Sydney Basin,Australia

The mineralogy of the high-volatile bituminous coals and associated strata from the Greta seam, Sydney Basin, Australia, has been evaluated in this study. Although the seam is not immediately overlain by marine strata, percolation of marine water into the original peat bed is indicated by the petrological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics, which resemble those of coals with marine roof strata. The upper and lower sections of the seam have contrasting mineralogy. Pyrite typically comprises 40 to 56 wt% of the mineral assemblage in the marine-influenced upper part of the seam section. The lower part contains much less pyrite (typically <5 wt%, organic-free basis), and also relatively abundant dawsonite (up to 14 wt%, organic-free basis). The minerals within most coal plies are largely of authigenic origin. These include pyrite, siderite, clay minerals (mainly kaolinite and Na-rich mixed-layer illite/smectite), and quartz, most of which have a relatively early, syngenetic origin. Minor Ti-bearing minerals, anatase or rutile, and phosphate minerals, fluorapatite and goyazite, were probably also formed during early diagenesis. Other minerals have features that indicate late-stage precipitation. These include abundant cleat- and fracture-filling dawsonite, which may be the result of reactions between earlier-precipitated kaolinite and Na₂CO₃- or NaHCO₃-bearing fluids. Minor albite may also be epigenetic, possibly precipitated from the same Ca–Al bearing fluids that formed the dawsonite. The most abundant detrital minerals in the Greta coals are quartz, poorly ordered kaolinite, illite and mixed-layer illite/smectite (I/S). These occur mainly in the floor, roof and other epiclastic horizons of the seam, reflecting periods of greater clastic influx into those parts of the original peat-forming environment. Detrital minerals are rare in the coals away from the epiclastic horizons, probably owing to almost complete sediment bypassing in the depositional system. Alternatively, any detrital minerals that were originally present may have been leached from the peat bed by diagenetic or post-diagenetic processes.     

新疆雅满苏铁矿床矽卡岩和磁铁矿矿物学特征及其地质意义

雅满苏铁矿床位于东天山中段,矿体赋存于下石炭统雅满苏组安山质火山碎屑岩中,受近EW向断裂及环形断裂构造控制。矿体主要呈层状、似层状、透镜状,近矿围岩蚀变强烈,形成石榴石矽卡岩及复杂矽卡岩。电子探针分析结果表明,石榴石为钙铁榴石-钙铝榴石系列,其化学组成可表示为And45.68~100Gro0.67~57.95(A1m+Sps)11~29.03,与典型的矽卡岩型铁矿中石榴石端员组分相似。在磁铁矿Ca+Al+Mn-Ti+V图解中,大部分样品落入矽卡岩型铁矿区;TiO2-Al2O3-MgO图解中,大多数的样品落入沉积变质接触交代磁铁矿趋势区,部分早期磁铁矿落在岩浆趋势区内。结合矿床地质特征和矿物学研究,认为大多数样品经过了一个热液交代作用过程,表明雅满苏铁矿的形成与岩浆热液交代作用有关。     

国际标准海图的解析与三维显示研究

在．NET环境下,利用C#语言,研究并从底层实现了符合S-57规范的国际标准海图的解析,并将解析出的海图数据与遥感影像,DEM数据进行三维叠加显示,增强了海图显示的真实性,对于海图的应用与发展有一定的意义。