An application of waveform denoising for microseismic data using polarization–linearity and time–frequency thresholding

Noise suppression or signal‐to‐noise ratio enhancement is often desired for better processing results from a microseismic dataset. In this paper, a polarization–linearity and time–frequency‐thresholding‐based approach is used for denoising waveforms. A polarization–linearity filter is initially applied to preserve the signal intervals and suppress the noise amplitudes. This is followed by time–frequency thresholding for further signal‐to‐noise ratio enhancement in the S transform domain. The parameterisation for both polarization filter and time–frequency thresholding is also discussed. Finally, real microseismic data examples are shown to demonstrate the improvements in processing results when denoised waveforms are considered in the workflow. The results indicate that current denoising approach effectively suppresses the background noise and preserves the vector fidelity of signal waveform. Consequently, the quality of event detection, arrival‐time picking, and hypocenter location improves.     

基于传感器光谱特性的全色与多光谱图像融合

提出了一种基于传感器光谱特性的全色与多光谱影像融合方法.该方法主要基于快速IHS融合方法的思想,在充分考虑各波段成像传感器的相对光谱响应的基础上,对强度分量的构造和空间细节信息的注入方式2个方面进行了改进.改进后的方法有效地改善了光谱畸变问题,且能同时对所有的光谱波段进行融合.分别对IKONOS、ETM+影像进行融合实验,结果表明该方法在光谱信息损失最少的情况下,较大地提高了影像的空间分辨率,与其他方法相比具有更好的综合性能.     

Analyses on normal background characteristics about deformation observation data on the basis of wavelet transform method

Introduction Fourier transform that summed up a series discomposed sin functions of signal has been one of the widely used methods in the field of signal process all along. While for time information be-ing thrown away by this transform, it is difficult for us to judge when a special signal occurs on the way. Though short time Fourier transform (STFT) was developed later, which can probe local features of signals, it can not reveal what is really there because uniform window functions de-fin…     

长距离动态GPS数据处理方法与汶川地震引起的动态地壳形变特征分析

利用长距离GPS动态数据处理方法,根据四川GPS网地震前后的观测数据,计算出了四川GPS网各站点地震前后的位移量。以相对稳定的雅安站为参考站,计算出了绵阳站和郫县站的动态变形序列。汶川地震动态地壳变形分析结果表明,地震期间,绵阳站和郫县站的主运动朝向西北方向,同时伴随有小幅摆动。在高程方向,绵阳站出现先上升后下降的运动特征,郫县站出现上下波动特征。     

基于功率谱获取海浪波长波向算法的改进

提出一种针对基于海浪图像功率谱获取海浪波长和波向的改进算法。算法首先假定海浪功率谱是一个密度不均匀的薄片平面,然后寻找其重心坐标,该坐标可等效为海浪主频位置,从而能够快速准确地得到海浪波长和波向。并经过大量的实验,验证该方法能够很好地解决基于二维傅里叶变换获取海浪图像波长、波向时主频不明显和大量频率分量没用上等缺点。     

碱改性凹凸棒石对土壤中镉化学形态及环境风险的影响

凹凸棒石进行碱改性后性能的提高,为其钝化修复重金属污染土壤提供重要基础.本文采用不同比例的氢氧化钠对凹凸棒石进行改性,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)分析改性前后凹凸棒石理化特性的变化,并在人工配制的重金属Cd污染土壤上进行钝化实验,研究氢氧化钠改性凹凸棒石对污染土壤中Cd...     

Computational issues and applications of line-elements to model subsurface flow governed by the modified Helmholtz equation

Two new approaches are presented for the accurate computation of the potential due to line elements that satisfy the modified Helmholtz equation with complex parameters. The first approach is based on fundamental solutions in elliptical coordinates and results in products of Mathieu functions. The second approach is based on the integration of modified Bessel functions. Both approaches allow evaluation of the potential at any distance from the element. The computational approaches are applied to model transient flow with the Laplace transform analytic element method. The Laplace domain solution is computed using a combination of point elements and the presented line elements. The time domain solution is obtained through a numerical inversion. Two applications are presented to transient flow fields, which could not be modeled with the Laplace transform analytic element method prior to this work. The first application concerns transient single-aquifer flow to wells near impermeable walls modeled with line-doublets. The second application concerns transient two-aquifer flow to a well near a stream modeled with line-sinks.     

频率域中有限元素法的探讨

本文指出了用拉普拉斯变换处理有限元方程和用富里叶变换所得到的结果是等价的。从物理方面讨论了频率域有限元的局限性。     

The axisymmetric consolidation of a semi‐infinite transversely isotropic saturated soil

This paper presents an exact analytical solution to fully coupled axisymmetric consolidation of a semi‐infinite, transversely isotropic saturated soil subjected to a uniform circular loading at the ground surface. The analysis is under the framework of Biot's general theory of consolidation. First, the governing equations of consolidation are transformed into a set of equivalent partial differential equations with the introduction of two auxiliary variables. These partial differential equations are then solved using Hankel–Laplace integral transforms. Once solutions in the transformed domain have been obtained, the actual solutions in the physical domain for displacements and stress components of the solid matrix, pore‐water pressure and fluid discharge can be finally obtained by direct numerical inversion. The accuracy of the numerical solutions developed is confirmed by comparison with an existing exact solution for an isotropic and saturated soil that is a special case of the more general problem addressed. Numerical analyses are also presented to investigate the influence of the degree of material anisotropy on the consolidation settlement. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

STUDY ON INTER-DECADAL AND INTER-ANNUAL VARIABILITY OF SST IN THE TROPICAL OCEANS

Based on rotational empirical orthogonal function(REOF),max-entropy and Mexico-hatwavelet transform techniques,monthly SSTA of the tropical Pacific,Atlantic and Indian Oceans(32.5°S—32. 5°N)is investigated.It is shown that the inter-decadal variability and inter-annualvariability take on global scale,and there exist their own significance areas.Moreover,throughthe total time series,the intensity of the variabilities is time-variable.And in fact,both thevariabilities are usually coexistent.In significance areas of each of the variabilities,anothervariability is sometimes quite strong.