Accessing Australian geodynamic information: The AGCRC website

The Australian Geodynamics Cooperative Research Centre (AGCRC) website <http://www.agcrc. csiro.au/> provides the main integrated presentation of the results of AGCRC research. It hosts a systematic presentation of project summaries, publication abstracts, regionally organised geodynamic syntheses and a GIS database containing a large number of broad‐scale earth science datasets from the Australian region, which are presented through an interactive map viewer. Effective interfaces are required to make the variety of content accessible to users. In particular, maintaining effective hyperlinking for a large and growing set of pages was a significant challenge. We found that by developing effective indexing tools we were able to apply a uniform technology to attack these problems. The index included both the full text of the pages from the website and also specific index terms of metadata. The metadata schema was designed to support both generalised discovery through a search interface and also to allow hyperlinks to be included automatically in pages by the server, so that the user could browse in a richly cross‐linked framework. It was necessary to manage textual and numeric data within the same framework because even the textual documents were generally tied to geospatial locations identified by their geographical coordinates. This required extensions to standard index and search tools, including the development of complete new indexing software. To assist the user in accessing the index, we provided a variety of user interfaces specialised for different themes in the website. For example, publication lists are generated in a conventional layout, and geospatial datasets are presented through an interactive map viewer and query system. The latter also demonstrated how visualisation tools for geospatial data can be provided in the web‐browser interface.     

Estimation by photogrammetry of the glacier recession on the Cotopaxi Volcano (Ecuador) between 1956 and 1997 / Estimation par photogrammétrie de la récession glaciaire sur le Volcan Cotopaxi (Equateur) entre 1956 et 1997

Abstract

Aerial photographs of the Cotopaxi Volcano ice cap dating from 1956 to 1997 were used to quantify the evolution of the surface area. Results were obtained using precise stereoscopic methods that give the most accurate information. In addition four specific glacier tongues were investigated in detail to measure the ice mass lost between 1976 and 1997. Surprisingly, the bedrock morphology is shown to be very irregular and this explains a large extent of the variability found in the ice losses. The results show that glaciers stagnated from 1956 to 1976 and lost about 30% of their surface area between 1976 and 1997. Slope exposure did not seem to have any significant effect since all the glaciers of the volcano retreated in the same proportion. In accordance with specific measurements performed on the nearby Antizana 15 Glacier, it is suggested that the strong recession observed after 1976 was associated with increasing melting conditions which have occurred repeatedly during the intense/long-duration warm ENSO phases.     

How to evaluate the quality of coarse‐resolution DEM‐derived drainage networks

The quality of digital elevation model (DEM)‐derived river drainage networks (RDNs) is influenced by DEM quality, basin physical characteristics, scale, and algorithms used; these factors should not be neglected. However, few research studies analyse the different evaluation approaches used in the literature with respect to adequacy, meaning of the results, advantages, and limitations. Focusing on coarse‐resolution networks, this paper reviews the use of these techniques and offers new insights on these issues. Additionally, we propose adaptations for selected metrics and discuss distinct interpretations for the evaluation of RDNs derived at different spatial resolutions (1, 5, 10, 20, and 30 km) considering the Uruguay River basin (206,000 km²) as a case study. The results demonstrate that lumped basin/river characteristics and basin delineation analysis should not be used as evaluation criteria for RDN quality; however, some of these metrics offer useful complementary information. Percentage of the DEM‐derived RDN within a uniform buffer placed around a river network considered as reference and mean separation distance between these two networks are more suitable metrics, but the former is insensitive to serious errors. The change in reference from a fine‐scale network to a coarse‐resolution manual tracing network significantly augments the discrepancy of these largest errors when the mean distance metric was applied, and visual comparison analysis is necessary to interpret the results for other metrics. We recommend the use of the mean distance metric in combination with a detailed visual assessment, the importance of which increases as the resolution coarsens. In both cases, the impact of network quality can be further refined by quantifying the basin shape and river length errors.     

Establishment of digital model for dynamic simulation analysis on hydraulic impact perforator

Hydraulic impact perforator is powerful tools for trenchless project. It has advantages in cabinet structure, low cost, long life and easy protected. Compared with pneumatic DTH, the hydraulic impact spear worked under high pressure and using uncompressible fluid thusgreater impact energy and higher efficiency can be supported. The authors founded the dynamic simulation model of HDI-146 hydraulic impact spear. The project for solving the differential equation was suggested also. By means of virtual machine technology, the dynamic mechanism of HDI-146 can be explored and tutoring us to optimize the structural parameters can be made.     

应用MATLAB设计高效多级抽取滤波器

介绍如何应用Matlab设计级联梳状(CIC)滤波器、半带滤波器和有限脉冲响应(FIR)滤波器。并设计了一种高效的多级抽取滤波器，将该算法用数字信号处理器(DSP)进行验证，结果表明，该多级抽取滤波器能满足地震数据采集系统的精度要求。     

卫星导航技术在PDA上的应用研究

对卫星导航技术在PDA(personal digital assistant,个人数字助理)上的应用作了研究。主要介绍GPS卫星信号的提取、发送及其与PDA之间的数据通信格式。     

天绘一号03星定位精度初步评估

天绘一号卫星是我国第一颗传输型立体测绘卫星,主要用于无地面控制点条件下高精度定位及1∶5万比例尺地形图测绘。01、02星分别于2010年8月24日及2012年5月6日成功发射,03星于2015年11月26日发射,目前3颗星在轨正常运行。01星定位精度经过系统检测后,定位精度为10.3 m/5.7 m(平面/高程),02星定位精度与01星精度相当。本文首先简要介绍了天绘一号卫星的总体概况及其地面处理系统中的关键技术,重点对03星的无控定位精度进行初步试验评估。通过国内外3条航线的试验发现,03星较02星精度有较大提高,在无地面控制点条件下可实现平面7.2 m、高程2.6 m的定位精度。     

DNA03电子水准仪GSI-8数据格式转换软件开发

对徕卡DNA03电子水准仪线路测量模式及GSI-8数据存储格式进行了研究,基于Visual C++6.0平台MFC对话框,编写GSI-8数据格式向Excel电子表格水准记录簿格式的转换软件,实现DNA系列电子水准仪内置的5种线路测量模式GSI-8数据自动向满足国家水准测量规范的Excel电子手簿记录格式转换,测站各项限差指标自动检核并定位,水准测量等级满足从一等到四等以及等外水准的要求,相同等级和同一类型的线路数据文件实现批量格式转换。     

基于WebGIS的数字城市规划系统研究

从WebGIS和数字城市规划的概念出发,重点介绍了基于WebGIS的数字城市规划模型系统的设计、结构和功能,最后简要探讨了WebGIS在城市规划行业中的应用前景。     

化探数据K－L变换图像分析及其在金矿成矿规律研究中的应用

Ｋ－Ｌ变换是遥感数字图像处理中常用的方法之一。文中用Ｋ－Ｌ变换图像分析的方法对冀北区域化探数据进行再分析，提取出张家口—赤城金矿化集中区金矿成矿期次的信息，并用数字图像复合分析的方法探讨了各成矿期在空间上的发育情况。