陇东黄土高原春末夏初旱的气候特征及预测模型

应用自然正交函数分解(EOF)方法，分析了甘肃省庆阳地区春末夏初干旱的综合评价指数DH的空间分布特征及随时间演变规律；分析了春末夏初干旱对冬小麦和玉米产量的影响；应用逐步回归方法建立了春末夏初干旱的预测模型，业务使用效果良好。     

空间目标的聚合模型

本文定义了集合元素的聚合算子，简述其特性，以此聚合算子为基础，提出了空间目标的聚合模型。根据ＧＩＳ空间目标的属性，分析了聚合算子的表现形式。由此模型的特点可以得出：聚合模型适合于ＧＩＳ层次数据的组织，它能减少数据的冗余和维护数据的一致性。经概念及含义的比较，指出了面向对象的模型方法很适合此聚合模型的实施。     

利用卫星测高资料推求西北太平洋海域的海洋大地水准面

本文根据卫星测高数据和海面动力地形资料，绘制了不相上下北太平洋海域局部大地水准面的精细结构图，对解决卫星测高技术中大地水准面积和海面地形的可分性问题作了初步尝试。     

小清河滞洪区洪灾监测信息系统的研究与建立

应用机载合成孔径雷达监测洪水势态,离不开洪灾监测信息系统的支持,两者有机的结合,能充分发挥遥感和地理信息系统在防洪减灾应用中的优越性。本文以小清河滞洪区为实验区,从系统目标、数据层及其来源、数据编码、分析模型等几个方面,介绍了该区洪灾监测信息系统的建立情况。     

SAR图像的几何校正

采用Ｋｏｎｅｃｎｙ等提出的合成孔径雷达（ＳＡＲ）的构像几何模型并结合数字高程模型（ＤＥＭ）进行了ＳＡＲ图像的几何校正，取得了较好的效果。此外，在定向元素的解算中引入了岭估计，较好地克服了由外方位元素间的强相关引起的方程病态     

非线性模型线性近似的容许曲率

由于不同的非线性模型具有不同的非线性强度，使得一些非线性模型可以线性近似，而另一些则不能。本文介绍度量非线性强度的方法，提出判断非线性模型能否线性近似的数值标准——容许曲率     

顾及地块时空特点的地籍数据组织及查询

通过分析地块变更的时空变化过程，总结出具有父子关系的时态地块的空间相交性和时间相接性特点，归纳出查询这种关系的约束条件。利用扩展时空复合模型和元组时区标记，借助于变更地块的约束条件，设计出查询变更地块的时态链算法。     

线性综合模型用于崩滑体变形预报的研究

综合分析和比较了自回归模型和回归模型的特点，提出了采用线性综合模型来预报崩滑体变形的思想，以弥补自回归模型或回归模型预报的不足。实测资料的处理结果表明，综合线性模型具有特别的适用性。     

A new gravity map, a new marine geoid around Japan and the detection of the Kuroshio current

About half a million marine gravity measurements over a 30^∘×30^∘ area centered on Japan have been processed and adjusted to produce a new free-air gravity map from a 5′×5′ grid. This map seems to have a better resolution than those previously published as measured by its correlation with bathymetry. The grid was used together with a high-degree and -order spherical harmonics geopotential model to compute a detailed geoid with two methods: Stokes integral and collocation. Comparisons with other available geoidal surfaces derived either from gravity or from satellite altimetry were made especially to test the ability of this new geoid at showing the sea surface topography as mapped by the Topex/Poseidon satellite. Over 2 months (6 cycles) the dynamic topography at ascending passes in the region (23^∘47^∘N and 123^∘147^∘E) was mapped to study the variability of the Kuroshio current. Received: 15 July 1994 / Accepted: 17 February 1997     

Fast space-domain evaluation of geodetic surface integrals

Geodetic surface integrals play an important role in the numerical solution of geodetic boundary-value problems. In many cases they can be evaluated using fast methods in the frequency domain (FFT). However, this is not possible in general, because the domain of integration may be non-trivial (as is the surface of the Earth), the kernel function may not be of convolution type, or the data distribution may be heterogeneous. Therefore, fast evaluation strategies are also required in the space domain. They are more difficult to design because only one property is left where a more or less fast evaluation strategy can be built upon: the potential type of the kernel function. Consequently, the idea is not to replace well-established frequency domain techniques, but to supplement them. Our approach to this problem goes in two directions: (1) we use advanced cubature methods where the integration nodes automatically densify in the vicinity of the evaluation points; (2) we use powerful computer hardware, namely MIMD computers with distributed memory. This enables us to evaluate geodetic surface integrals of any practical complexity in reasonable time and accuracy. This is shown in a numerical example. Received: 7 May 1996 / Accepted:17 March 1997