时空轨迹聚类方法研究进展

时空轨迹(Trajectory)是移动对象的位置和时间的记录序列.作为一种重要的时空对象数据类型和信息源,时空轨迹的应用范围涵盖了人类行为、交通物流、应急疏散管理、动物习性和市场营销等诸多方面.通过对各种时空轨迹数据进行聚类分析,可以提取时空轨迹数据中的相似性与异常特征,并有助于发现其中有意义的模式.本文根据时空轨迹数...     

紫外极光图像极光卵提取方法及其评估

有效确定极光卵边界对于研究太阳风-磁层能量耦合过程是非常重要的.本文提出一种新的星载紫外极光图像极光卵边界的提取方法.该方法利用一种基于模糊局部信息C均值聚类方法,对紫外极光图像进行分割,并根据极光卵的环状特性,提取较完整的极光卵极向/赤道向边界.结合DMSP卫星沉降粒子观测数据,分别构建了极向边界和赤道向边界数据库,...     

基于K means聚类分析的风廓线雷达降水数据判别方法

在降水环境下,风廓线雷达获得的多普勒信息主要是降水质点运动的结果,从而对大气风场的计算造成很大误差,因此,判断雷达回波信号是否受到降水干扰是很有必要的.采用一种基于K-means聚类算法思想的集合分析法对晴空和降水条件下的数据进行了聚类分析,得到随信噪比变化的垂直速度阈值,再根据该速度阈值对风廓线雷达数据是否受到降水干扰进行判别.采用此方法对南京边界层风廓线雷达2011年8-12月及2012年3-4月的部分观测数据进行了计算分析,结果表明,该方法可在不同的高度区分晴空和降水数据,能有效判别回波信号是否受到降水干扰.     

海量三维地质空间数据的自适应预调度方法

针对大规模三维地质空间数据实时应用中的高效调度难题,采用空间聚类和空间插值理论,将缓存中的空间对象视为样品数据,将这些对象的命中率作为估值权值,将空间索引中的空间对象信息当作待估值数据,兼顾系统的内存容量和CPU的计算能力,设计实现了海量三维地质空间数据的自适应预调度算法。实验结果证明了该方法的正确性和有效性。     

基于颜色特征利用色矩与BTC法进行影像聚类

影像聚类是一种对影像数据进行分组的方法,在基于内容的影像检索中,如果能够利用较低层次的可视特征进行高效的影像聚类,将会大大提高影像检索的精度.文章分别利用色矩法与分块截短编码(BTC)方法提取影像颜色特征,然后采用K均值聚类算法来对两种方法进行聚类分析.实验结果表明,分块截短编码(BTC)方法的聚类精度优于色矩法.     

Acoustic seabed segmentation from direct statistical clustering of entire multibeam sonar backscatter curves

A fast, simple method is presented to obtain acoustic seabed segmentation from multibeam sonar backscatter data, for situations where processed backscatter curves are already available. Unsupervised statistical clustering is used to classify multibeam sonar backscatter curves in their entirety, with the curves essentially treated as geometrical entities. High variability in the backscatter curves is removed by along-track averaging prior to clustering, and no further preprocessing is required. The statistical clustering method is demonstrated with RESON 8125 multibeam sonar data obtained in two bathymetrically complex environments. These are a sandwave field in Keppel Bay, Queensland, and an area of inter-island sand, reef, seagrass, and rhodolith beds in Esperance Bay, Western Australia. The resulting acoustic charts are visually compelling. They exhibit high spatial coherence, are largely artifact free, and provide spatial context to comparatively sparse grab samples with relatively little effort. Since the backscatter curve is an intrinsic property of the seafloor, the mappings form standalone charts of seafloor acoustic properties. In themselves they do not need ground truthing. Conceptually, use of the full angular backscatter curve should form the primary means of obtaining acoustic seabed segmentation. However, this is dependent on the scale and configuration of seabed backscatter features compared to the dimensions of the averaged swathe used to obtain reliable realisations of the backscatter curve.     

基于改进DBSCAN聚类算法的雷暴单体三维结构识别技术介绍

雷暴是一种严重威胁飞行安全的天气系统,利用地基多普勒天气雷达反射率因子数据和改进的DBSCAN聚类算法对雷暴单体的三维结构识别及特征量计算进行了研究,并在地基平台上对雷暴单体识别算法的有效性进行了验证分析。识别算法核心是将插值后的反射率因子三维网格数据作为输入量,采用多层反射率因子阈值基于改进的DBSCAN聚类方法识别所有等高面上的雷暴分量,并进行结构元素为3×3的腐蚀膨胀运算及雷暴分量特征核心提取,最后基于雷暴分量重叠面积进行垂直关联。结果表明:相对于SCIT算法,雷暴单体识别算法减少了雷暴分量识别的复杂性,可很好地识别任意形状的雷暴单体;使用多层阈值及特征核心提取技术可识别雷暴簇中的雷暴单体;利用腐蚀膨胀技术可解决雷暴单体虚假合并现象。算法可应用于民航机场雷暴的识别和预警。      

基于数字图像处理的非均质岩石材料破坏过程模拟

以三峡花岗岩为例,利用有限差分程序FLAC进行非均质岩石材料的破坏过程模拟.首先,利用花岗岩微观结构观测图像确定数值模拟计算网格的合适尺寸;进一步结合花岗岩的矿物鉴定结果,在数字图像处理的基础上,利用模糊C均值聚类方法,实现了数值计算模型与材料真实细观结构的耦合分析,形成了一套较完整的、更加方便快捷的非均质岩石材料数字...     

一种新模糊似然函数在聚类分析中的应用

运用一种新的模糊似然函数，用以表示模糊集合之间的相似程度。举例说明在气象时间序列中的应用，并与常用的度量样本相似程度的指标进行对比，得出几点有意义的结论。     

Use of Space-Filling Curves in Generating a National Rural Sampling Frame for HIV/AIDS Research*

The classical geographic research problem of regionalization and resource allocation is most commonly tackled by means of location-allocation methods. This paper introduces the spatial-order method as an alternative for creating regions or clusters. The spatial-order method utilizes space-filling curves, also known as Peano curves, to determine the nearness or spatial order of areal units, such as counties. Given a capacity constraint, the areal units are grouped consecutively according to their spatial order values. We applied the method to create clusters of rural counties for a national sampling survey of HIV/AIDS patients in the United States. Using the criteria that each cluster had approximately 50 new AIDS cases in 1991–1993 and that contiguity of areal units was maximized, 226 clusters were created from the 1,853 rural counties or health districts. The rural clusters generated by this method have been adopted as the national rural sampling frame in the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study (HCSUS) being undertaken by RAND. In addition to its simplicity and fast computational speed, the spatial-order method produces satisfactory results. With minor modifications, this method can be an efficient alternative to the location-allocation method for solving a wide variety of locational problems, such as routing, political districting, and facilities location and allocation. This paper also demonstrates how a classical geographic research methodology, with the enhancement of GIS, can contribute to the multidisciplinary study of a pressing societal problem in our nation.