3-D rheologic model of earthquake preparation (I)—Displacement field

Introduction The rock medium shows mainly elastic character under low-temperature, low-pressure and external force for short duration, yet it shows rheologic property under high-temperature, high-pressure and long-time external force. It is reasonable that the rapid earthquake generating process lasted for tens seconds is analyzed by the elastic theory. As for the earthquake generating process for hundreds or thousand years, nevertheless, the rheologic property of rock must be taken into accou…     

A mathematical model of concentrate solids content for the wet drum magnetic separator

Low concentrate density from wet drum magnetic separators in dense medium circuits can cause operating difficulties due to inability to obtain the required circulating medium density and, indirectly, high medium solids losses. The literature is almost silent on the processes controlling concentrate density. However, the common name for the region through which concentrate is discharged—the squeeze pan gap—implies that some extrusion process is thought to be at work. There is no model of magnetics recovery in a wet drum magnetic separator, which includes as inputs all significant machine and operating variables.A series of trials, in both factorial experiments and in single variable experiments, was done using a purpose built rig which featured a small industrial scale (700 mm lip length, 900 mm diameter) wet drum magnetic separator. A substantial data set of 191 trials was generated in this work. The results of the factorial experiments were used to identify the variables having a significant effect on magnetics recovery.It is proposed, based both on the experimental observations of the present work and on observations reported in the literature, that the process controlling magnetic separator concentrate density is one of drainage. Such a process should be able to be defined by an initial moisture, a drainage rate and a drainage time, the latter being defined by the volumetric flowrate and the volume within the drainage zone. The magnetics can be characterised by an experimentally derived ultimate drainage moisture. A model based on these concepts and containing adjustable parameters was developed. This model was then fitted to a randomly chosen 80% of the data, and validated by application to the remaining 20%. The model is shown to be a good fit to data over concentrate solids content values from 40% solids to 80% solids and for both magnetite and ferrosilicon feeds.     

A general correspondence principle for time-domain electromagnetic wave and diffusion fields

A general correspondence principle is presented that relates any time-domain electromagnetic diffusion field to an electromagnetic wavefield in a 'corresponding' configuration. The principle applies to arbitrarily inhomogeneous and anisotropic media and arbitrary transmitters and receivers. For the correspondence between the two types of electromagnetic fields to hold, the electric conductivity in the diffusive case and the permittivity in the wavefield case should have the same spatial variation, while the permeability distributions in space in the two cases are to be identical. Essential steps in the derivation of the correspondence principle are the use of the time Laplace transformation of causal signals, taken at real, positive values of the transform parameter, the Schouten-Van der Pol theorem in the theory of the Laplace transformation, and the reliance upon Lerch's theorem of the uniqueness of the interrelation between causal field quantities and their time-Laplace-transform representations at real, positive values of the transform parameter. Correspondence is then established between the tensorial Green's functions in the two cases, where the Green's functions are the point-receiver responses (either electric or magnetic field) to point-transmitter excitations (either electric- or magnetic-current source).
Through the correspondence principle, all transient electromagnetic wavefields (where losses are neglected) have as a counterpart a transient diffusive electromagnetic field (where the electric displacement current is neglected). The interrelation yields the tool to compare quantitatively the potentialities of the two types of fields in transient electromagnetic geophysical prospecting.
Finally, a general medium-parameter scaling law for time-domain electromagnetic wavefields is presented.     

四川省巴塘县措普一带多金属成矿条件分析

义敦印支岛弧褶皱带地质构造演化复杂,岩浆活动十分活跃,成矿地质地球化学条件优越,金、银、铜、铅、锌、锡等金属矿产资源丰富。西南三江为有色、贵金属资源富集区,义敦为花岗岩型锡-银多金属矿集区。根据区域成矿环境及研究区成矿条件分析,找矿潜力巨大,有望取得找矿突破。     

天气雷达风暴跟踪信息拼图技术设计与应用

基于天气雷达风暴识别跟踪信息STI（Storm Tracking Information）拼图技术设计与应用,对该技术在江西雷电、雷暴大风、冰雹等强天气监测预警能力进行了分析。结果显示：通过对江西8部天气雷达的STI产品进行雷达算法解码,建立STI数据库,按照雷达拼图时间间隔,从数据库中调入STI数据进行15 min、30 min、45 min和60 min路径显示,形成多部雷达的组合STI产品。组合STI产品弥补了单部雷达的不足,对于判断未来1 h回波的移动方向、移动速度有明显的指示意义。而密集指向区对应于回波未来位置的确定效果更好,考虑到整体移向的修正位置更佳,在多次飑线、冰雹等强天气过程中得到了验证。组合STI产品还有助于识别回波系统,对于多个系统并存的天气过程中有很好的对照价值。密集指向区的出现说明回波系统进入发展旺盛期,密集指向区的消失预示着回波系统明显减弱。     

冀中滨海平原大雾的形成特征及变化

利用冀中滨海平原区廊坊市1971-2000年9个观测站大雾资料,对该区域大雾、浓雾的形成特征及变化进行了分析,得出结果:(1)大雾尤其浓雾是冀中滨海平原区秋、冬季发生频率最高的灾害性天气之一;(2)大雾、浓雾除具有低能见度外,其连续性、持续性和大范围同日出现等也是不容忽视的具有灾害性影响的特征;(3)自1990年以来,年平均大雾日的变化有明显加剧的现象,相比20世纪80年代,90年代浓雾日数有明显增加的趋势;(4)影响大雾日数变化的主要原因是天气、气候条件的变化,浓雾日数的增加还与城市经济化发展、空气污染程度加剧等因素有关.     

Diatom assemblages from Costa Rican lakes: an initial ecological assessment

We compared the distributions of 59 diatom species in surface sediments of 25 Costa Rican lakes with 21 environmental variables using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). The distribution of taxa was related to the chemical and physical characteristics of the lakes. The most influential chemical variables were cation concentrations (especially magnesium) and related variables such as water hardness, pH, and temperature. Lake area and lake depth were among the most important physical variables.A number of taxa were identified as potential environmental indicators. The diatoms Brachysira serians var. brachysira and Frustulia rhomboides seem to be associated with low values of alkalinity, hardness, Ca, Mg, and SiO2. Cymbella minuta var. silesiaca is associated with low to moderate values of alkalinity, hardness, Ca, and Mg. Nitzschia cf. amphibia may be an indicator of moderate-to-high concentrations of Mg. Pinnularia braunii var. amphicephala seems to prefer low values of hardness, Ca, Mg, and SiO2.In many closed lakes, these environmental variables (Mg/Ca/hardness/alkalinity) increase with effective evaporation. Consequently, these diatoms may be indirectly tracking P:E ratios. Results from this initial, small data set indicate the potential of diatoms for inferring lake paleochemistry, and perhaps P:E ratios, in Costa Rica.     

地震应急现场网络传输方案的选择

地震现场的通讯环境极为复杂,公共的网络接入模式在地震时往往很难保证现场与后方指挥中心之间的实时文件传输和视频通信。本文根据地震带来的破坏程度的不同,针对地震现场的具体通信情况,以及地震应急工作中现场网络通信的需求,提出多项确保地震现场局域网络和后方指挥中心之间通信畅通的解决方案。     

从稀土元素和岩石化学成分的对应分析探讨新疆东准噶尔花岗岩类演化

从花岗岩类岩石的稀土元素与岩石化学成分的对应分析结果出发，论述了新疆准噶尔地区花岗岩类稀土元素与岩石化学成分的相互关系，以及该区花岗岩类演化与锡的成矿作用。     

多元正态总体假设检验在矿化带识别中的应用

根据北瓦地区岩心样品的地球化学数据处理结果,介绍多元正态总体假设检验方法与对应分析相结合在该区铅锌矿化带识别中的应用。从全体数据的对应分析结果出发,将见矿钻孔的样品得分值经稳健处理后作为铅锌矿化带的已知样本,并以马氏距离为统计量对未见矿钻孔的样品进行识别,在一定信度下作出了该区已知铅锌矿化带在深部存在较有意义延伸的统计推断。