基于TOPSIS法的非洲区域经济社会综合发展水平评价

通过构建区域经济社会综合发展水平指标体系,结合TOPSIS方法与变异系数法确定权重,从经济生产、人口与健康、基础教育和产业结构水平4个方面出发,对2012年非洲52个主要国家的区域经济社会综合发展水平进行定量评价与比较,研究表明：非洲地区区域经济社会发展水平呈现出“南北发达,中部落后”的空间分布格局,区域经济社会综合发展水平北非＞南非＞东非＞中非＞西非;中非、西非地区人口与健康水平与南非、北非和东非地区差距较大,发展滞后;基础教育水平呈现“阶梯式”空间格局,南非与北非地区基础教育水平较高,中非与东非地区其次,西非地区相对落后;产业结构的地域差异较大,西非和东非地区产业结构水平较低,中非、南非和北非地区相对较高。在此基础上,提出了针对非洲区域经济社会发展特点,展开对非援助与合作的建议。     

GIS专业本科课程改革的几点思考

随着地理信息在国民经济、国防建设和人们日常生活中的应用越来越广泛,高校所培养的学生远远不能满足社会需求。由于各培养单位的教学水平、力量和能力不同,培养出的人才水平良莠不齐,很多单位培养的GIS人才不尽人意。本文根据GIS教育的特点,就GIS专业本科教育的课程体系、教学内容、技能培养提出了几点意见,供大家批评与深入讨论。     

发展我国GIS高等教育的思考

简述了地理信息系统在我国高校的发展概况 ,作者对如何按照教育部的八字方针办好GIS专业作了具体阐述 ,其中包括 :需要有自身特色的支撑专业 ;严格的教学大纲和合理的课程安排 ;有雄厚的师资队伍。强调培养学生的实干和动手能力 ,大力培养掌握GIS的非GIS专业的人才。     

大别山区贫困落后的主因及脱贫致富的关键措施

大别山区经济发展缓慢的根本原因,是社会智力资源贫乏,人口文化科技素质很差;文化低,观念旧,缺乏技术,不善经营。因而,国家投放的资金不少,产生的效益不高。本文提出了改革技术传播方式,减少技术传播环节的新思路、新办法。三年实验证明这种办法是符合我国国情的。农民技术教育的新形式是提高贫困山区农民素质的捷径,是开发治理贫困山区的一条关键措施。     

在测绘教育中实施素质教育的探讨

根据素质教育的要求 ,提出了测绘教育应以培养科学精神和创新精神为前提和目的的教育思想 ,探讨了在测绘教育中实施素质教育的方法。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Redundant Spaces in Cities and Regions? Studies in Industrial Decline and Social Change . J. Anderson, S. Duncan and R. Hudson. eds. The Social Consequences and Challenges of New Agricultural Technologies . Gigi M. Berardi and Charles C. Geisler, eds. Determinants of Fertility in Developing Countries, Vol. I, Supply and Demand for Children . Rodolfo A. Bultao and Ronald D. Lee, eds. Computer Mapping: Progress in the‘80s . James R. Carter. Washington: Colonial Africa . A. J. Christopher. Geography of the Soviet Union . J. P. Cole. Chicago Mapmakers, Essays on the Rise of the City's Map Trade . Michael P. Conzen, ed. Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists and the Ecology of New England . William Cronon. Mizner's Florida: American Resort Architecture . Donald W. Curl. Geographical Studies on the Soviet Union: Essays in Honor of Chauncy D. Harris . George Demko and Roland J. Fuchs, eds. Fluvial Hydrology . S. Lawrence Dingman. Pueblo Indian Water Rights: Struggle For a Precious Resource . Charles T. DuMars, Marilyn O'Leary and Albert E. Utton. Women in the Cities of Asia: Migration and Urban Adaptation . James T. Fawcett, Siew-Ean Khoo, and Peter C. Smith, eds. America's National Parks and Their Keepers . Ronald A. Foresta. Neighborhood Revitalization and the Postindustrial City . Dennis E. Gale. China in Canada: A Dialogue on Resources and Development . R. Louis Gentilcore, ed. China: The 80s Era . Norton Ginsburg and Bernard A. Lalor, eds. Boulder, CO: Global Resources: Challenges of Interdependence . Martin I. Glassner, ed. River Networks . Texas: A Geography . Terry G. Jordan with John L. Bean, Jr. and William M. Holmes. The American Frontier: An Archaeological Study of Settlement Pattern and Process . Kenneth E. Lewis. Water Resources, Geography and Law . Olen Paul Matthews. A Field Guide to American Houses . Virginia and Lee McAlester. Population: Patterns, Dynamics, and Prospects . James L. Newman and Gordon E. Matzke. Wood, Brick, and Stone, The North American Settlement Landscape, Vol. 1: Houses . Allen G. Noble. Historical Analysis in Geography . William Norton. The Displaced Worker and Community Response: Case Study of Portsmouth, Scioto County, Ohio . H. Milton Patton and Janet W. Patton. Disaster Management: Warning Response and Community Relocation . Ronald W. Perry and Alvin H. Muskatel. The Anthropology of Space: Explorations into the Natural Philosophy and Semantics of the Navajo . Rik Pinxten, Ingrid van Dooren, and Frank Harvey. What STYLE Is It? A Guide To American Architecture . John C. Poppeliers, S. Allen Chambers, Jr., and Nancy B. Schwartz. Appalachia: A Regional Geography—Land, People and Development . Karl Raitz and Richard Ulack. An Introduction to Urban Geography . John R. Short. Ford, A Village in the West Highlands of Scotland: A Case Study of Repopulation and Social Change in a Small Community . John B. Stephenson. Income and Jobs: USA Diagnosing the Reality . George Sternlieb and James W. Hughes. Weather and Climate of the Antarctic . W. Schwerdtfeger. History and Ecology: Studies of the Grassland, James C. Malin . Robert P. Swierenga, ed. Optimal Control of Spatial Systems . K. C. Tan and R. J. Bennett. Social Science and Revolutions . Stan Taylor. The Global Textile Industry . Brian Toyne, Jeffrey S. Arpan, David A. Ricks, Terence A. Shimp and Andy Barnett. Integrated Water Development: Water Use and Conservation Practice in Western Colorado . James L. Wescoat, Jr. Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Maps and Graphics for the Visually Handicapped . Joseph W. Wiedel, ed.     

WRDPS天气雷达数据处理系统与气象教育

本文对现代天气雷达终端WRDPS的工作,性能指标和应用进行了评述,分析了关键技术,阐述了WRDPS与气象教育的关系。     

景观学与景观专业教育的探讨

在简介景观概念的历史演化及景观学专业发展的基础上，根据北美CELA和CL√U也两个协会内具有代表性的高校景观学学士教育的学科建设情况，总结景观专业教育的基本特征，探讨我国景观学发展对传统城市规划学科的影响。     

Development and Implementation of Disaster Reduction Technology in Taiwan

In order to improve the efficiency of disaster reduction, the government of Taiwan has taken a number of initiatives in the development of disaster reduction technology since 1982, including the 1st, 2nd and 3rd 5-year plans for hazards prevention research, and the National Science and Technology Program for Hazards Mitigation (NAPHM). In this article, the contents and achievements of the 5-year plans and the NAPHM are briefly reviewed. On the one hand, the 5-year plans have produced meaningful research results; on the other hand, the NAPHM has provided a mechanism for integrating and translating the research results into technologies that can be implemented. The NAPHM was transformed in 2003 into the National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction (NCDR) to further enhance the development and implementation of disaster technology. The mission and major future works of the NCDR are discussed.     

山东省基础教育师资配置的时空格局与影响因素

以师生比为衡量指标,采用标准差、变异系数及探索性空间数据分析等方法对2000—2019年山东省基础教育阶段师资配置的时空格局与影响因素进行分析。结果表明:2000—2019年山东省小学师生比呈平缓波动趋势,中学师生比总体呈现上升趋势,且具有明显阶段性特征。山东省小学师生比空间过程呈现由“极核式”向“条带式”演变特征,高值区具有明显中心外围的圈层结构特征,鲁西南、鲁西北及鲁东南形成了低水平塌陷区;中学师生比空间上呈现不均衡向均衡迈进的趋势,高值区由多核心演变为单核心结构,低值区连片分布于鲁西南、鲁中、鲁东南及鲁北地区,且呈现半环带状圈层结构特征。山东省中小学师生比存在显著的空间俱乐部趋同特征,高值先导区以山东半岛为主,低值陷阱区分布于鲁西南和鲁北部分地区。教育政策与制度、人口结构变动、区域发展不均衡、空间近邻效应是基础教育师资配置差异的重要原因。