社区生活圈基础教育设施空间可达性评价与布局优化研究

使用基于Rhino平台的UNA工具包,从住宅楼层面对大连市沙河口区幼儿园、小学和初中3类基础教育设施的空间可达性进行分析,并提出布局优化措施及新增选址方案。主要结论如下：① 各类基础教育设施空间分布不均,存在重复与缺失并存的现象;设施与住宅楼空间分布“错位”现象严重。② 各类基础教育设施均存在服务范围内住宅楼数量较少的问题,学区内的学生上下学需要耗费较长的路程与时间,若设施仅服务于规定服务范围内的居民,则部分设施会存在利用不足的情况。③ 在规定服务范围内,初中的可达比重最大,其次是小学和幼儿园。在规定服务范围外,幼儿园可达性为差及以下的比重最大,其次是初中和小学。④ 设施布局主要存在2个问题：设施供应不足和设施利用不足,对此提出相应的优化思路。并在考虑可达性和供需的情况下,提出2个新增设施参考选址方案,以改善设施可达性。其中方案一增加140所,方案二增加107所。     

Maximising Multi-Stakeholder Participation in Government and Community Volcanic Hazard Management Programs; A Case Study from Savo, Solomon Islands

Participatory rural appraisal (PRA) methods and philosophies were trialed in a volcanic risk management planning and awareness activity for Savo Island, a historically highly destructive volcano in the Solomon Islands. Through a combination of methods we tried to combine the roles of facilitators and educators, and to involve the input of all stakeholders (from community to national government) in the process of volcanic risk management. The PRA approach was an ideal way to address the fundamental differences in outlook, education, needs, and roles of individuals and groups involved or affected. It was also an important catalyst to Savo island- or community-based planning initiatives, which are arguably the most important step toward the preparedness of the 2500 inhabitants of the island for any future destructive volcanic activity. We adapted almost every tenet of the PRA philosophy through inexperience, self-perceived importance and desire to combine both scientific and traditional views for Savo volcanic risk management planning. Nevertheless, what emerged from our experiences was an idea of how fundamentally well suited many PRA approaches are to initiating dialogue within diverse stakeholder groups, and deriving combined scientific/geologic and local/community risk assessments and mitigation action plans. The main challenge remaining includes increasing the involvement or voice of less powerful community members (women, youth, non-landowners) in risk management decision-making in such male-dominated hierarchical societies.     

Learning about distant places through the Internet: Young students as global citizens?

The article explores how the use of the Internet in school settings influences the way young people develop as citizens in an interconnected world and the possible implications for teaching geography subject at school. First, this topic is approached theoretically through a discussion of new forms of citizenship. The issue is investigated by using interview data and observations on the use of the Internet by upper secondary school students in Norway when searching for information about distant places. During the interviews, knowledge about tropical rainforests was used as a practical example. The main finding is that although the students could access information about a large part of the world from their laptop, a distance remained between the students and the rainforests and those who live in them. The article also reveals that, although it is often argued that the national context is weakened as a frame for civic engagement, the students referred to it as a basic frame when engaging with what is distant. Thus, it may be questioned how the use of the Internet in schools contributes to the development of students as global citizens.     

水库移民与科教兴库对策研究--以漫湾电站为例

漫湾水电站是云南省建国以来投资最大的国家重点建设项目。当时的“安置性移民”导致移民搬迁后总体上生活水平下降,贫困问题较为突出。只有通过实施科教兴库战略,才能解决漫湾的贫困问题。通过分析漫湾移民自身的优势条件和限制因素,提出了加强科教兴库的对策、措施:(1)重视移民的文化教育和技能培训;(2)增加库区科技含量;(3)提高库区集约化经营;(4)加强对移民的信息化管理。     

Using the Internet to Integrate Thematic and Regional Approaches in Geographic Education

Geographers have long debated the superiority of regional versus thematic approaches to geographical analysis and geographic education. While most acknowledge that these two approaches are complementary, the task of implementing both approaches in a single introductory course remains challenging. “Global Change, Local Places,” an Internet–based course offered at Florida State University, attempts to fuse thematic and regional approaches using methodological and pedagogical techniques that emphasize student–centered learning and Internet technologies. Results of a student survey and analysis of student assignments suggest that this format was successful. Students expressed a high level of satisfaction with course content, and, although attainment of skills and knowledge was particularly hard to measure given the structure and goals of the course, students appear to have gained country–specific knowledge as well as skills in critical analysis using thematic concepts.     

高职GIS专业校企合作机制探索

文章从高职教育改革的发展趋势和教育教学理念入手,以张家口学院地理信息系统与地图制图技术专业校企合作经验为例,从校企合作的必要性、实施途径、实施效果、发展前景等方面,深入探讨如何利用校企合作的有利契机,构建"工学结合,项目支撑"的人才培养模式,建立健全以实践技能为主导、以项目教学为驱动的应用型本、专科专业。     

浅谈如何开展测绘地理信息职业教育

随着信息技术和地理信息技术的发展,测绘地理信息事业逐渐地从生产型向服务型、应用型转变,并对测绘地理信息技术人才需求与培养提出了新的要求,要求从业人员具备良好的思想素质、较高的职业素质、较强的动手能力、快速的适应能力,同时,也要求具备团队合作能力和组织管理能力,积极开展全面的测绘地理信息职业教育,有助于测绘地理信息事业发展与壮大。     

“摄影测量基础”课程的创新教学尝试

开展了"摄影测量基础"课程创新教学,从教学法研究、教学内容更新、教学实验强化、青年教师培养等方面进行了一系列尝试,明显提高了教学质量.     

《中学地理填充图册》编制研究

在新世纪教育改革和发展基础教育的形势下,为参与教辅编制,本人对中学用<地理填充图册>作了编制研究.从课题立项的背景、课题研究对象和任务、研究主要思路和技术路线、课题研究的主要内容、基本理念、内容结构和设计思路、色彩体系与符号体系、地理底图的设计与使用、各种专题内容表示方法和对提高中学生地理创造性思维能力的意义等方面作了一些研究.     

职业教育《工程测量》教材的开发与实践

随着我国社会经济、科技和教育水平的不断提高,社会对就业人才的规格也在不断发生变化,不少发达地区对高职招生已实现了免考、免试入学.面对这种新的发展形势,即职业教育的培养目标进一步明确及施教对象的变化,必须对我国原有的职教教材进行重新审视,必须结合当前的实际情况及需要进行研究和探讨.必须以"以就业为导向"的新课程观来指导当前的课程改革与教材建设,在此基础上编写出一批满足当前职教改革需要的新教材.本文介绍了中职与高职<工程测量>教材开发的实例,提出职业教育动手能力与职业技能培养教材编写的必要性和原则.