鄂尔多斯高原毛乌素沙地湖盆周缘植被与地下水关系研究

受气候变化和人类活动的两重影响,鄂尔多斯高原湖泊呈现不同程度的萎缩趋势,对本区的生态环境产生重大影响。在鄂尔多斯高原毛乌素沙漠腹地选择有代表性湖泊—布寨淖尔湖为研究区,在野外调查的基础上,选取典型剖面详细研究优势植被与地下水的关系,系统总结湖盆周缘地形地貌、包气带岩性结构、地下水水位埋深、水化学特征与植物类型和植被种群的关系,分析影响植被生态的主要因素,揭示湖盆周缘生态水文地质分带规律,划分4个生态水文地质区,提出湖盆周缘优势植被沙蒿(Artemisia)、沙柳(Salix psammophila)和苔草(Carex)的适生地下水位埋深。     

日照市城乡建设用地增减挂钩工作的探讨

随着社会主义市场经济的发展,推进土地集约节约利用,促进城乡统筹发展,是当前和今后一个时期有效的利用现有土地资源,改善农村生产生活条件和环境、缓解建设用地供需矛盾的有效途径和手段。近几年来,日照市严格按照上级有关要求,规范开展了城乡建设用地增减挂钩试点工作,取得了显著成效。     

滨州市县域经济发展中土地利用的转变思路探讨

近几年,县域经济作为经济发展的重要基础越来越受到各级政府高度重视。滨州市以其特有的土地资源优势,为县域经济发展提供重要支撑。针对滨州市县域经济发展现状,从土地资源的比较优势人手,提出了在现阶段发展县域经济土地利用的新思路。     

经济强村兼并弱村的实施与模式探讨——以文登市金岭山庄为例

在二元土地所有制下,中国城市市区的建设用地、农村和城市郊区依法征收后新增的建设用地,属于国家所有;城市市区以外以及法律规定由国家所有土地以外的农民宅基地和其他建设用地,属于农民集体所有。文登市金岭山庄被位于城区的经济强村西楼兼并后,土地资源得以高效利用,加速了城市化进程,成为城乡统筹发展的典范。     

The Impact of Agricultural Practices in China on Land-Atmosphere Interactions

Human-induced land use changes and the resulting alterations in vegetation features are major but poorly recognized drivers of regional climatic patterns.In order to investigate the impacts of anthropogenically-induced seasonal vegetation cover changes on regional climate in China,harmonic analysis is applied to 1982-2000 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA) Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer(AVVHRR)-derived normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) time series(ten day interval data).For two climatic divisions of South China,it is shown that the first harmonic term is in phase with air temperature,while the second and third harmonics are in phase with agricultural cultivation.The Penman-Monteith Equation and the Complementary Relationship Areal Evapotranspiration(CRAE) model suggest that monthly mean evapotranspiration is out of phase with temperature and precipitation in regions with signiffcant second or third harmonics.Finally,seasonal vegetation cover changes associated with agricultural cultivation are identiffed:for cropped areas,the temperature and precipitation time series have a single maximum value,while the monthly evapotranspiration time series has a bimodal distribution.It is hypothesized that multi-cropping causes the land surface albedo to sharply increase during harvesting,thereby altering the energy distribution ratio and contributing to observed seasonal vegetation cover changes.     

综合地理数据与MODIS物候特征的区域土地覆盖制图(英文)

The study developed a feasible method for large-area land cover mapping with combination of geographical data and phenological characteristics, taking Northeast China (NEC) as the study area. First, with the monthly average of precipitation and temperature datasets, the spatial clustering method was used to divide the NEC into four ecoclimate regions. For each ecoclimate region, geographical variables (annual mean precipitation and temperature, elevation, slope and aspect) were combined with phenological variables derived from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data (enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and land surface water index (LSWI)), which were taken as input variables of land cover classification. Decision Tree (DT) classifiers were then performed to produce land cover maps for each region. Finally, four resultant land cover maps were mosaicked for the entire NEC (NEC_MODIS), and the land use and land cover data of NEC (NEC_LULC) interpreted from Landsat-TM images was used to evaluate the NEC_MODIS and MODIS land cover product (MODIS_IGBP) in terms of areal and spatial agreement. The results showed that the phenological information derived from EVI and LSWI time series well discriminated land cover classes in NEC, and the overall accuracy was significantly improved by 5.29% with addition of geographical variables. Compared with NEC_LULC for seven aggregation classes, the area errors of NEC_MODIS were much smaller and more stable than that of MODIS_IGBP for most of classes, and the wall-to-wall spatial comparisons at pixel level indicated that NEC_MODIS agreed with NEC_LULC for 71.26% of the NEC, whereas only 62.16% for MODIS_IGBP. The good performance of NEC_MODIS demonstrates that the methodology developed in the study has great potential for timely and detailed land cover mapping in temperate and boreal regions.     

G317线汶川至马尔康段公路崩塌滑坡灾害危险性评估

为减少公路工程建设项目和地质灾害之间的相互影响,工程建设之前必须对工程建设用地存在的地质灾害进行评估。结合国道317线汶川至马尔康段公路改建工程的特点,对工程遭受或工程建设可能诱发加剧的滑坡和崩塌灾害发生的可能性作了分析,并提出相应的防治对策,为拟改建的公路建设提供指导性建议。     

采煤塌陷区土地质量评价指标体系探讨——以徐州矿区为例

简要回顾采煤塌陷区土地质量研究状况,根据科学性、代表性、可行性、敏感性的原则,以徐州市采煤塌陷区为研究对象,运用PSR概念模型,尝试给出针对具体采煤塌陷区的土地质量评价指标体系。体系共分为3层23个指标,较全面的涵盖了社会经济、物理化学、政策法规等不同范畴。     

莱芜市节约集约用地的调查与思考

随着城乡建设和市、区经济发展进程不断加快,莱芜市用地矛盾十分尖锐,仍然有粗放利用、破坏浪费土地资源的现象,特别是部分经营者圈而不用,造成土地的闲置浪费。总结了莱芜市国土资源局市区分局在节约集约用地方面取得的成效,分析了存在的问题,并提出了合理化建议。     

企业土地管理与办公自动一体化系统建设探析——以齐鲁石化公司为例

为了更好的规范企业土地管理行为,降低管理成本,提高土地使用效率,以大型国企直属分公司为例,结合目前国内土地信息系统发展现状,以软件技术可行性为基础,从项目管理的角度,分析了企业现有的土地信息系统的优点与不足,对企业土地管理和办公自动一体化系统的建设进行了初步探讨和分析。一体化系统能够简化土地业务处理步骤,方便其他业务部门参与管理,真正实现数据共享,提高土地管理部门的工作质量和效率,最大限度实现企业土地资产保值增值,是企业土地管理发展的方向。